The study's goal was to evaluate almond cultivars' vegetative growth performance and adaptability under Holetta conditions. The trial was carried out at the Holetta Agricultural Research Center with four almond varieties arranged in RCBD and three times replicated. Ferraduel had the highest tree height of 129.58 cm in the first growing season of 2011, followed by Desmayo (108.75 cm), Ferragnes (96.17 cm), and Marcona (95.56 cm). The Ferraduel variety has the highest recorded height except in 2014 and 2015. Annual growth differed significantly between years, with 2015 recording the most (42.7 cm) and 2013 following closely after (32.8 cm). The cross-sectional area of a tree trunk increased in general as the growth season progressed. In 2011, Marcona had the lowest TCSA (2.04 cm 2 ), whereas Ferragnes (86.58 cm 2 ) had a much lower TCSA in 2016. The exponential canopy stretch was somewhat limited from 2012 to 2013. The growing season 2016 has the most main branches, followed by the growing season 2013, with the values of 3.44 and 3.14, respectively. While the 2014 growing season had the fewest major branches, followed by the 2015 growing season with values of 2.19 and 2.58, respectively. Across all growing seasons, the Desmayo variety exhibited the highest branching height. With increasing tree height, TCSA and canopy stretch grow linearly. It also shows non-linear positive correlations of 0.43 and 0.35 with yearly growth rate and branching height, respectively. Keywords: almond, variety, year, vegetative, TCSA DOI: 10.7176/ALST/91-01 Publication date: January 31 st 2022
Foraging of wild birds on city waste dumps is one of the most popular forms of human–wildlife interactions in the world. The extensive bird-habitat destruction for urban development has restricted wild-bird feeding to city waste-dumps in most communities in Cameroon.
Field experiments were conducted at the Rivers State University Teaching and Research Farm Nkpolu, Port Harcourt, during the 2019 planting season under rainfed condition and complimented by irrigation in two different planting dates to access the genetic variability and heritability in yield and yield components of twenty-five rice varieties. The experiments were laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Data were collected on eleven yield and yield components. Results from the analysis of variance indicated significant differences (P < 0.01 < 0.05) among the varieties for all parameters except plant height and tiller number in planting date one. Combined analysis of variance across planting dates showed that there was significant variation (P < 0.01) among the rice varieties for all parameters evaluated. The varietal mean performance for phenological parameters showed significant differences (P < 0.05) for all parameters except tiller number in planting date one. Variability evaluation of varieties for yield parameters showed significant differences (P < 0.05) for all parameters evaluated except for 100-grain weight in planting date two. The pooled mean values of the varieties differed significantly (P < 0.05) for all yield parameters evaluated. The highest grain yield per stand was recorded in UPIA 2 with 7.41 g/stand, and was significantly different from FARO 67 with the least (1.70 g/stand). The estimate of variance components showed that phenotypic variance (Vp) and phenotypic coefficient of variation (PVC) were higher than their corresponding genotypic variance (Vg) and genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) for all the parameters studied. Heritability estimates in broad sense were found to be moderate for majority of the parameters, except leaf area (68.12%), panicle number (63.41%), spikelet fertility (50.23%) and grain yield per stand (55.87%) that had high heritability estimates and tiller number (15.93%) which had a low estimate. However, only leaf area, panicle number and grain yield per stand had high heritability estimates which were accompanied by high genetic advance. There was considerable variation among the 25 rice varieties evaluated. UPIA 2 and FARO 44 had the best agronomic performance. However, UPN 324, UPN 228, FARO 61 and 66 could be selected for onward improvement programme. the different units of measurements of genetic advance. It expresses the values of genetic advance as the percentage of the variety mean for each character. Results of GAM showed parameters such as leaf area, panicle number, panicle weight, number of grains per panicle and grain yield per stand with values greater than 20% had high genetic advance. Panicle length and spikelet fertility with values ranging between 11 and 19% had moderate genetic advance, while plant height, days to 50% flowering, tiller number, and 100-grain weight with GAM values less than 10% have low genetic advance.
Livestock are an integral part of agriculture that contribute to 35 to 49% of the agricultural GDP, 37 to 87% of the household incomes, and 15 to 17% of the foreign exchange earnings of the country. There are about 33.02 million heads of sheep and 38.96 million heads of goats’ population in Ethiopia. They are important components of the livestock subsector and are sources of cash income, milk, meat, wool, manure, and saving or risk mitigation during crop failures, property security, monetary saving and investment in addition to many other socioeconomic and cultural functions. Despite their large number, the reproductive, as well as productive traits of small ruminant are affected by several factors including breed, a season of conception, interval between parturitions, age, sex and health and nutritional status of the individual animal. Therefore, this paper is to review of concerned issue on reproductive and productive performances, consequence and constraints of small ruminants in Ethiopia. Keywords: Lambing, Kidding, Productive, Reproductive, Small ruminant. DOI: 10.7176/ALST/90-03 Publication date: November 30 th 2021
Government Information Technology Innovativeness defined as notion of openness to new information technology ideas in the government as an aspect of an organizational culture. In adopting the information technology innovativeness, information technology readiness plays a crucial effect. Misunderstood organizational characteristic within information technology innovativeness may generate unrealistic or inaccurate outcomes. Unfortunately, the effect of organizational context is nearly ignored in information technology innovativeness literature. In response, using the Resources based view (RBV) and Diffusion-Innovation-Theory (DIT), this paper argues on the interaction between the influence of organizational characteristic (information technology readiness), so as to explain information technology innovativeness. This proposition could improve understanding the information technology innovativeness and help to resolve inconsistency of findings in the literature. Keywords: Information Technology Readiness; Information Technology Innovativeness, Public Sector DOI: 10.7176/ALST/90-04 Publication date: November 30 th 2021
