The aim is to promote a safer intervention in a cardiac arrest assisted by a sports professional during the current pandemic conditions due to COVID-19. The European Resuscitation Council protocol for lay people is adequate for this group, but it must be complemented with the use of personal protective equipment (PPE) adapted to sports professionals. The adaptations of action with respect to the 2015 practical guidelines are: assessment of breathing visually without opening the victim's airways, placement of a mask (preferably>FFP2) on the victim before starting resuscitation, resuscitation only with chest compressions except for of children and drowned-cohabitant, and the use of PPE for the sports field of easy learning and greater safety against possible transmission of COVID-19 by drops/aerosols (FFP3, glasses, gloves). These considerations should be included in the training/re-training of sports professionals in resuscitation and sports entities should favour the availability of aforementioned PPE.
This study examines the effects of two strength training (ST) programs, one based on mean propulsive velocity (MPV) and another under the traditional method, the % one-repetition maximum (1RM), on neuromuscular performance and muscle composition in girls who play soccer. Fifty players with an average age of 13.6±1.2 years participated in the study and were randomly assigned into three groups: a maximal execution velocity training group (VG, n=15), a maximal strength group (RMG, n=13), and a control group (CG, n=18). The study was developed for a period of twelve weeks during regular team training to prepare for the season. The VG and RMG groups performed additional strength or muscle power training three times a week, including movements of full squat and pedaling on a cycle ergometer. The two types of training groups and the control group exhibited significant gains. However, the greatest increases were achieved with VG training, with significant increases (p<0.000) in maximal strength, (p<0.000) squat power, (p<0.000) velocity over 30m, (p<0.000) cycle ergometer power, and (p<0.008) lower limb muscle mass. Statistically significant differences were observed between VG and RMG in countermovement jump (CMJ) (p<0.008) and squat power (p<0.01) tests, between VG and CG in CMJ (p<0.01), squat power (p<0.000), and maximal squat strength (p<0.000), and between RMG and CG in maximal squat strength (p<0.000) only. These findings might indicate that high-velocity ST can be performed simultaneously with regular training to improve the explosive actions of soccer players.
Introduction: The aim of these studies was to evaluate the effects of regular volleyball training on salivary SIgA and alpha-amylase in female children and adolescents. Material and method: In the cross-sectional study, 115 female children (12.6 +/- 2.2 years) participating in a Volleyball training program were classified as beginners, intermediate, and competitive level. The children were evaluated regarding caries index, body mass index (BMI), cardiorespiratory fitness, and countermovement jump. In the longitudinal study: 54 girls (inter- mediate and competitive groups) trained for 8 weeks and were re-evaluated at weeks 4 and 8. Results: The SIgA secretion rate and alpha-amylase activity did not present correlations with training category, age, caries index, or training status. A weak positive correlation was detected between IgA secretion rate and BMI (r=0.20, p<0.05). After 8 weeks of training, VO2 max (p< 0.005) and jump height (p< 0.005) improved in the competitive girls. No differences were observed in salivary secretion rate, SIgA concentration and secretion rate, or alpha-amylase activity at weeks 4 and 8. Conclusion: We concluded that despite improving physical fitness, 8-weeks of recreational volleyball training are not able to improve salivary SIgA secretion or alter alpha-amylase activity in female children and adolescents.
Femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) is a common injury in basketball, having a difficult therapeutic approach because it requires an extended period of time to be resolved once it appears. Therefore, preventing the onset of this condition seems critical in maintaining athletes' health, and availability to compete. Because reducing training and competition volume in a professional team context is complex, the exercises presented here offer a good option for managing injured players without compromising their availability during the season. However, offseason and preseason periods are key to developing, protecting and strengthening the injured joint and its functionality for the competitive season.
Obesity and asthma have increased in prevalence dramatically among children and adolescents. There is strong epidemiological evidence of an association between these chronic morbidities, suggesting many pathophysiological pathways which may play a role in this association such as adipokines, oxidative stress, physical activity, comorbidities and diet. Physical activity and exercise are recommended to reduce obesity and the risk of several diseases. However, exercise is a common trigger of asthma, known as exercise-induced bronchoconstriction. Similarly, obesity-related physical deconditioning may also lead to dyspnoea and exercise limitation which can mimic asthma symptoms. Furthermore, to confirm that excessive weight is a risque factor for asthma, the evidence of causality must establish whether weight loss should decrease in asthma symptoms. The purpose of this review is to summarize what is known about the complex relationship between obesity, asthma and physical activity.
