Background and Objective: Papillary and medullary thyroid cancers are prevalent.Effective cancer therapies need molecular target identification.Tyrosine kinases regulate cell growth, differentiation and survival.This study sequence-aligns papillary and medullary thyroid cancer tyrosine kinase receptors in silico.The investigation seeks tyrosine kinase receptor mutations and structural alterations that may cause these cancers.Materials and Methods: Phylogeny estimation was performed for tyrosine kinase proteins from 4 different types of cancer: Thyroid carcinoma, ovary, lung and hepatic cancer.Analyzed the protein domains present in each cancer type and found that the catalytic domain of the protein tyrosine kinases was the predominant domain present in all of the investigated sequences.Results: The present results displayed that almost the sequence from cancerous thyroid tissue and other organs did not differ from each other and revealed high similarity.The analysis indicated that the catalytic domain of the protein tyrosine kinases is the predominant domain.Conclusion: This information could be used to develop new diagnostic tools and targeted therapies for these types of cancer.Overall, this study provides valuable insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying cancer development and highlights the importance of understanding the protein domains present in different types of cancer.
Background and Objective: Assessment of genetic diversity is crucial for breeding, conservation and management programmes, especially in species of Tilapia being important source of animal protein in many developing countries.In this regard, the evaluation of the relationship between geographical and genetic relatedness of Tilapia guineensis populations is important because it allows for ascertaining the role of gene flow and other factors that shape the genetic structure of the fish populations.Materials and Methods: A total of 120 randomly selected fish samples from twelve coastal populations and nine microsatellite loci were considered for the present population genetic study.Results: Microsatellite analysis showed that the genetic distance between T. guineensis populations in River Ethiope and Brass (2 km apart) was 0.30 reflecting low genetic distance.Populations in Oron and Ibaka (1 km apart) and those in Ishaka and Igbokoda (1 km apart) had genetic distances of 0.01, respectively.The highest geographical distance was between fish populations in Oron and Epe (29 km), however, the genetic distance between these populations is low (0.03).Geographical distance seems to have less influence on the genetic relationship among the studied populations.Nevertheless, the populations are highly differentiated as assessed by FST values of 0.12-0.66.Conclusion: This is evidenced by the low gene flow of less than one migrant per generation.Thus, the general notion that geographical proximity enhances genetic similarity but discourages genetic differentiation does not hold in T. guineensis populations found in Nigerian coastal waters.
