单台涡旋式压缩机制冷量小,但其单位制冷量制造成本比活塞式压缩机和螺杆式压缩机低.多台涡旋式压缩机并联运行时,并联的压缩机可逐台启动,因而可降低并联涡旋式压缩机组的启动电流;当机组运行在部分负荷时,与单台大冷量压缩机组相比:并联涡旋式压缩机组可根据系统需求负荷来控制并联涡旋式压缩机的运行数量,其与系统负荷匹配性好,可使并联涡旋式压缩机组以比较经济的方式运行;单台大冷量压缩机在部分负荷运行时需要卸载,卸载运行时其电机运行效率会降低,最终使机组运行能效变差;并联涡旋式压缩机组在部分负荷运行时,压缩机的电机不需要卸载,电机运行效率高,因而更节能;当并联涡旋式压缩机组其中一台压缩机发生故障或损毁时,并联机组中的其它压缩机还可持续工作;而单台大冷量压缩机故障或损毁时,机组将停止制冷.并联涡旋式压缩机组虽然有上述优点,但其要达到稳定运行的目的,还需解决好油平衡及容量控制等相关事宜.
涡旋压缩机驱动轴承与曲柄轴之间接触副刚度的周期性变化及运动副间隙的存在,是引起压缩机传动系统产生振动的主要激励源.深入分析接触副啮合刚度及间隙对研究涡旋压缩机振动特性具有重要意义.根据Hertz线接触问题的弹性变形理论建立单滚子刚度模型,采用能量法求解得到滚针轴承动态刚度模型.将得到的刚度模型代入ADAMS虚拟样机对模型进行运动及动力学仿真,仿真分析得到间隙和变刚度下系统动力学响应.研究结果表明:时变刚度激励及间隙激励使得接触副接触碰撞力幅值增大,0.003 mm间隙下变刚度碰撞力为定刚度的 1.16 倍,驱动轴承位移产生波动,且变刚度激励下主轴承振动加速度为定刚度的 1.45 倍,影响压缩机转子系统的运转稳定性.
介绍了两种十字头销的拆装工具,通过自制框架结构,能够调整十字头销和拆装工具的重心相对于起吊点的位置,使十字头销在拆装过程中,始终能保持水平状态.在使用过程中,操作性强,工作效率高,能够保障设备和人员安全,减轻操作人员的作业强度,具有较强的实用性.通过对比选择最优工具.
针对涡旋压缩机工作时产生的油气两相泄漏流,建立单个流体域模型,采用Fluent软件通过数值模拟的方法,研究了当压差、油气质量百分比、间隙宽度及齿侧表面粗糙度不同时,油气两相流切向泄漏的变化规律.结果表明:压差和间隙宽度是引起涡旋压缩机切向泄漏量增大的主要因素,且随着压差和间隙宽度的增大,切向质量泄漏量增大;一定条件下,当增大油气质量百分比和齿侧表面粗糙度时,切向质量泄漏量逐渐减小,且当油气质量百分比为 12%、齿侧表面粗糙度Ra为 1.6μm时,切向质量泄漏量最小.该研究可为涡旋压缩机密封的优化设计提供依据.
与常见的单涡旋结构相比,采用双涡旋结构可以有效提高压缩机体积流量,但同时其内容积比会大幅降低.为了进一步提高双涡旋压缩机的内容积比和压缩比,提出了一种新型的全啮合双涡旋型线.给出了修正双涡旋的生成方法、几何参数间的关系以及修正后的双涡旋型线方程.计算了任意旋转角度下压缩腔容积,分析了几何参数对修正双涡旋压缩机性能的影响.并对该双涡旋压缩机进行了数值模拟和工作过程分析.结果表明:采用修正的双涡旋结构显著提高了压缩机的体积流量,减小了动涡旋与静涡旋之间的摩擦速度,减小了涡旋盘尺寸,同时也有效地将内容积比提高了33.8%.
近年来随着中国海油平台的快速发展,变频电驱天然气压缩机组市场需求量逐年增大.对比于海油平台常用的燃驱压缩机组,电驱压缩机组在前期投资和后期维护都具有明显优势.而在电驱形式中,变频启动形式比液力耦合器启动形式更具明显优势.受海油平台空间限制,"橇装式"变频电驱天然气压缩机组完成了集成润滑油站、集成密封气站、集成仪表接线箱、集成油管路、集成气管路和整体底座的研制工作,对提升我国海油平台可靠性及关键设备制造与加工技术水平具有重要意义.
大型往复压缩机是石油化工、天然气压缩等行业中不可或缺的关键设备,由于其具有运动部件多、工作条件恶劣和易损件多的特点,意外故障的发生率较高.传统的状态监测系统不具备故障诊断功能,通过状态参数设置预警范围,提出报警,仍然依靠工程经验对机组故障进行判断,准确度欠佳.以往复式压缩机的多个状态参数作为故障诊断指标,采用无故障数据训练GA-BP模型,完成了热力预测系统的搭建,得到了安全阈值的范围,在此基础上通过理论分析提出了不同级数压缩机的故障诊断逻辑表,最后结合故障模拟实验验证了本方法的可靠性.采用本文提出的方法,可在现有状态监测系统的基础上实施压缩机故障诊断,无需添加新的硬件.
往复压缩机在油气行业应用非常广泛,一次性投入费用高,机组的寿命周期超过 20 年,年均运行时间在8000 h以上,对压缩机组的使用率非常高.为确保设备高效率运行,保障压缩机稳定生产,增加一套机械状态监测系统具有积极意义,采用Dynamix1444 系列状态监测系统.
为了验证活塞式空压机VA-80 的护盖网可靠性,利用Workbench建立三维有限元模型,根据实际工艺和安装方式施加边界条件,进行稳态结构分析、模态分析和随机振动分析.研究结果表明:活塞式空压机VA-80 护盖网稳态工况结构稳定,与激振振源不发生共振,在随机振动下振动烈度在安全范围内.
根据项目需求,对某现场原料气压缩机进行扭转振动分析后,在投产前对轴系进行应变测试,并通过后处理得到系统的扭振特性,将测试结果与分析结果进行对比,验证了测试结果与分析结果的正确性.
对于涡旋压缩机径向随变机构,在十字滑环和圆柱销防自转下分别采用不同的限位方法并对其数值分析.对偏心滑块式径向随便机构的涡旋压缩机,借助Ansys Workbench软件进行数值仿真,通过简谐响应分析技术得到偏心滑块、转子、副轴承结合轴向壁面的应力和振幅响应,研究结果表明:在径向随便机构中,不同防自转选择合适的限位可以确保涡旋压缩机高效运行,转子系统出现较大的振幅响应是在五、六阶频率处,对比三者发现偏心滑块部位受到的应力响应值和振幅最大,故而对带有径向随变机构的涡旋压缩机,应重点考虑机构构件偏心滑块的可靠性.
通过介绍空气压缩机的大致概况,同时对单螺杆主机主要尺寸参数设计过程特性作了详细介绍.针对根据目前单螺杆容积计算的复杂性,没有完整的相关计算程序,通过借助计算机软件Mathematic强大的计算功能,从而完成目前单螺杆容积计算的难题.根据单螺杆设计相关资料汇总,并集合目前计算机相关软件快速计算相关结果,绘制相关简图.
将有限元分析软件ANSYS Workbench应用于大型往复压缩机组开发过程中,计算了往复压缩机十字头在最恶劣工况下的受力情况,从而对其强度进行校核,为进一步开发和研究十字头奠定基础;计算了十字头在一定温升下的变形情况,从而为设计十字头与机身滑道间隙值提供理论依据.
The paper analyzed the patents related to pump and compressor with radial piston type from the point of technique, summarized the distribution of countries with a large number of patents on this technology, and analyzed the application trend at home and abroad and important applicants. This paper summarized the main technical branches and the distribution of applications in the technical field, analyzed the main technical branches as well, and pointed out the further development direction of technical research in this field.
The compressor foundation bolt can be broken by various reasons, for which the management of repairing foundation bolt is a key-link to safe and stable operation of compressor. This paper focused on the cause analysis and maintenance methods of causing foundation bolt to break, and summarized the correct selection of repair methods and verified the application effect of post-embedding technique. It is expected to provide experiences for the management of repairing compressor foundation bolt.
In order to improve the utilization rate of energy consumption of industrial compressed air system, it is necessary to find out the factors that affect the key energy consumption of industrial compressed air system. In this paper, the reasonable selection of compressed air pipeline、pipeline pressure drop loss、plugging of small holes, pressure requirements of gas equipment and reducing air compressor inlet temperature are deeply studied and analyzed. Through the analysis of air compressor system, the influence of different factors on the energy consumption of air compressor system is obtained.It proves that the comprehensive analysis of the system is important for the correct selection of the optimization technology of the compressed air system.
In view of the characteristics of oil-free screw air compressors with compact structure, high manufacturing and assembly accuracy, strong maintenance professionalism, high corrective maintenance costs, and the difficulty of independent operation and maintenance personnel of power generation enterprises, using the method of combining theory and practice, taking Sullair DS250WC model as an example, the basic composition and working principle of oil-free screw air compressor are introduced, and the common fault categories and its influencing factors of oil-free screw air compressor are expounded.It is concluded that the abnormal cooling water is the main cause of the over-temperature alarm of the air compressor, and the failure of the main engine bearing or gear is the direct cause of the lock of air compressor.By strictly controlling the external cooling water parameters of air compressor and strengthening the supervision of the daily vibration level of air compressor, it is possible to avoid the common and vicious failures of air compressor, improve the equipment availability, and reduce the operation and maintenance cost of power station.
In recent years, more and more requirements for long-term operation of large type of reciprocating compressors have been put forward.Reasonable and effective application of fault diagnosis technology to maintain the reliable and safe operation of compressor units is an effective mean to ensure the economic benefits of enterprises and prevent safety accidents.In this paper, BP neural network, GA-BP neural network and POS-BP neural network are applied to the fault diagnosis of reciprocating compressor with p-V diagram.Based on the fault diagnosis experiment, taking the comprehensive index of expansion process as the key judgment index, a neural network based on p-V diagram characteristic parameters for fault diagnosis of reciprocating compressors is constructed and verified.The combination of p-V diagram characteristic parameters and neural network in compressor fault diagnosis is realized.
