Quercetin, a bioflavonoid abundant in grapefruit, onion, berries, etc., has vast therapeutic potential, especially against Type 2 diabetes and its complications. Quercetin showed similar effects as that of metformin, (widely prescribed antidiabetic drug) in cell lines models (Sajan et al., 2010; Dhanya et al., 2017). In vivo findings also showcase it as a promising agent against diabetes and its pathophysiological complications.Quercetin can be produced on a large scale through a novel fermentation-based glycosylation strategy from cheap substrates and can be utilized as a dietary supplement. The review focuses on the mounting evidence pointing to Quercetin as a promising candidate for managing type 2 diabetes and its oxidative stress mediated pathophysiological complications.Quercetin acts on multiple targets of diabetes and regulates key signalling pathways which improve the symptoms as well as the complications of Type 2 diabetes. However further studies are needed to improve the bioavailability and to establish a dosing regimen for Quercetin.
Sarcoidosis involving the pancreas is a rare occurrence. Isolated cases of localized or diffuse involvement of the pancreas have been reported in the literature. The preoperative diagnosis of this entity is a clinical challenge, and surgical intervention is usually needed to make a definitive diagnosis. We report a patient that presents with a preoperative evaluation suggestive of cholangiocarcinoma. Surgical management involved pancreaticoduodenectomy, which revealed pancreatic sarcoidosis with regional lymph node involvement. An extensive literature review of sarcoidosis of the pancreas is provided, which cites all reported cases in which the presentation warranted surgical intervention.
OBJECTIVE:Surgical residents often begin the internship without prerequisite skills necessary for appropriate patient care. The purpose of this study was to develop a surgical internship readiness elective or senior medical student (SMS) "Boot Camp" for fourth-year medical students to prepare them for the rigors of surgery internship. DESIGN:Sixteen fourth-year medical students completed a series of clinical and didactic sessions over a 4-week elective. Students evaluated the effectiveness of the elective with a pre- and post-survey that focused on confidence levels in 4 areas: anatomic dissection, administrative skills, technical skills, and patient management. Students also participated in a focus group session that identified strengths and weaknesses of the elective. Students were also assessed on performance by anesthesiology faculty in the mock patient code and by nursing faculty in mock nursing page sessions. RESULTS:Upon completion of the elective, students rated themselves as more confident in all 57 categories on the survey. During the focus group session, students identified several strengths of the elective and offered recommendations for improvements in the elective. CONCLUSION:The SMS "Boot Camp" gave fourth-year medical students confidence and an opportunity to develop necessary prerequisite skills to begin the surgery internship.
