Data is the primary factor of production in the digital economy, playing a role in promoting the deep integration of the digital economy and the real economy and smoothing the national economic cycle. After entering the circulation system of the real economy, data is rapidly integrated into production, circulation, consumption, distribution, and other links. It optimizes resource allocation, unblocks circulation channels, promotes accurate matching of supply and demand, stimulates emerging demand, and forms a virtuous circle of digital technology application, traditional physical enterprise transformation, and technological innovation. Integrated development is an important feature of the digital economy. Data promotes the integration of factors of production, products, enterprises, industries, and markets, which fosters a circular system with deep integration of the digital economy and the real economy. To promote the deep integration of the digital economy and the real economy, the government and business entities should take measures to improve the circular efficiency of the digital economy and the real economy. These measures include attaching importance to the role of data-driven development, improving data capacity, data development, and utilization in enterprises, exploring diverse circulation models of enterprise data, and creating typical application scenarios and industrial data spaces.
Based on the panel data of 204 cities from 2008 to 2020, the study first uses the mixed OLS model and two-way fixed effect model to verify the direct impact of tourism on the urban-rural income gap. Next, we employ the instrumental variable method, as well as estimation methods such as 2SLS and GMM, to test for endogeneity problem present in the study. Furthermore, the mediating effect model is used to examine the mechanism through which tourism affects the urban-rural income disparity. The findings indicate that rural infrastructure acts as an intermediary between tourism development and the reduction of the urban-rural income disparity. Furthermore, the impact of tourism on narrowing the income gap seems to diminish gradually from the western regions to the eastern ones.
加快经济发展方式的绿色转型,核心问题是加快工业发展方式的绿色转型.党的十八大以来,生态环境保护上升到前所未有的国家战略高度,相关政策文件密集出台,随着这些政策措施落地,工业发展方式绿色转型取得了一定成效,但也存在发展困境.在实现"双碳"目标的艰巨任务下,需积极应对工业能耗结构难以快速转变、工业绿色技术发展储备不足、工业产业结构优化升级压力较大、工业区域发展关系面临调整难题、工业绿色转型的体制机制不完善等挑战.要培育绿色市场需求对工业发展方式绿色转型的导向功能,加强绿色技术创新对工业发展方式绿色转型的促进作用,深化绿色制度创新对工业发展方式绿色转型的推动机制,提升绿色对外贸易对工业发展方式绿色转型的引领效应.
集聚效应是加快城市化进程、推动创新与技术发展的重要驱动因素之一.通过对我国300余个城市近20年人口集聚水平的变迁分析发现,伴随着人口流动与人口集聚水平提升,整体上城市间的人均GDP差距收窄,分布更为均衡;对人口集聚水平与产出效率间的规律探索显示,人口密度、就业密度与产出效率存在较为明显的正相关关系.为了更全面地衡量我国城市化水平,将"人口稠密率"指标作为对城镇化率评价的重要补充,进而将"人口稠密率"纳入经济增长预测模型,对2022-2030年不变价GDP增速进行预测,结果显示2022-2030年我国GDP年均复合增速约在5.03％左右.从空间分布深度挖掘人口集聚红利,协同驱动城市发展和乡村振兴,是新发展格局下实现高质量发展的关键点.因此,要逐步打破市场分割,提升生产要素的空间配置效率;协调大城市和中小城市的发展,充分发挥核心城市的带动和辐射作用;增强城乡区域发展协调性,处理好城市"新二元结构"问题.
当前财政空间的紧运行态势逐渐突出,预算绩效管理是扩大财政空间的有效方法之一.特别是对于法定支出而言,其战略性增长、时滞性和不确定性等特殊性质给绩效管理带来新的挑战,层层加码的法定支出责任使不同层级政府间绩效监管主体责任和侧重点难以确定.而当前法定支出绩效管理也存在项目执行率低、绩效管理动力不足、目标指标设置和预算编制不够科学等问题.为了在当前财政空间紧运行下深化法定支出绩效管理,可以从战略变革、支出分类管理、绩效评价结果应用,以及不同层级间的绩效管理体系建设等方面加以具体谋划.
