Northeast Indian region is known for presence of diverse and unique banana (Musa spp.) accessions and its seeded wild relatives including the seeded M. balbisiana (BB genome). These bananas are used for various purposes such as food, medicinal, handicrafts, fabrics, etc. In the present study carried out with 6 different M. balbisiana seed extracts collected from different states of northeast India, phytochemical contents such as total phenol, total tannin and total flavonoid were evaluated along with DPPH radical scavenging activity and Ferric reducing antioxidant power for evaluating the antioxidant potential. Variable contents of total phenol, total tannin and total flavonoid long with antioxidant potential were observed. Overall, the findings indicated possible application of the huge banana resources including the wild seeded accessions for various economic and useful value-added food, nutraceutical and herbal products.
This study aimed to isolate genomic DNA from fallen feathers collected from various avian species and locations, examining the influence of collection time and location on DNA quality and quantity. The DNA quality and quantity were assessed using a nanodrop spectrophotometer, and PCR amplification was conducted using universal GAPDH primers to evaluate the samples suitability for downstream applications. This study showed DNA concentrations ranging from 15 to 254 ng/µl with OD260/280 values between 1.38 and 1.94. Higher DNA yields were linked to samples collected from nearby, low-traffic areas, indicating that transit time and environmental exposure affect DNA quality. Pigeons and parrots had higher PCR amplification success compared to Kadaknath and desi chickens. It was concluded that feathers as a viable source of DNA for avian species, emphasizing the importance of optimal collection and storage conditions. A multi-sampling approach is recommended to counteract environmental impacts on DNA quality.
Aquaculture's rapid expansion raises significant concerns regarding antibiotic resistance, particularly in freshwater systems where Escherichia coli (E. coli) serve as a key indicator of fecal contamination. This study investigates mutation frequencies of E. coli strains from aquatic environments under selective pressure from oxytetracycline and chloramphenicol. Given that E. coli's antibiotic resistance is a growing public health issue, understanding mutation dynamics is crucial. We evaluated mutation frequencies in five E. coli strains isolated from fish, water, and sediment samples. These strains were initially sensitive to chloramphenicol and oxytetracycline. The mutation rates for oxytetracycline ranged between 4.12 x10-8 and 5.52 x 10-8 , while chloramphenicol exposure led to mutation frequencies from 1.19 x 10-4 to 9.62 x 10-5 . Cluster analysis using hierarchical methods revealed distinct patterns: E. coli strains exposed to oxytetracycline exhibited more uniform mutation frequencies compared to those exposed to chloramphenicol. The proximity matrix and dendrogram analysis demonstrated that oxytetracycline-treated strains clustered closely together, indicating similar mutational responses. Conversely, chloramphenicol-treated strains displayed greater variability, suggesting that chloramphenicol causes more diverse genetic changes in E. coli. The findings highlight an alarming increase in mutation rates, especially under chloramphenicol exposure, which significantly exceeds typical environmental bacterial mutation rates. These findings indicate a significant risk of antibiotic resistance and underscore the need for strict regulations and regular monitoring in aquaculture to manage it. Future research should investigate the specific mutations, strain genomics, and environmental factors contributing to resistance to address public health concerns related to antibiotic-resistant bacteria.
An experiment has been conducted during kharif 2022 and 2023 to see the comparative performance of some liquid organic formulation on growth attributes and grain yield of Tulaipanji. The experiment was fitted out in randomized complete block design, with seven treatments and replicated thrice. Treatment comprising of vermicompost @ 3t ha-1 in combination of Sanjivak, Jivamrut, Amrit Pani, Panchgavya and vermicompost tea 20% foliar spray (FS) at 45 days after transplanting (DAT) which was compared with recommended dose (N: P: K= 50:25:25 kg ha-1) and absolute control. Results revealed that during the initial stages of crop growth i.e. 30 DAT, chemically fertilized plot recorded highest plant height (81.85 cm), dry matter accumulation (197.40 g m-2) leaf area index (1.47), chlorophyll index (221.77) and number of tiller m2 (495.97). Thereafter in the subsequent stages of rice growth, combined application of vermicompost 3 t ha-1 and foliar spray of panchgavya 20 % at 45 DAT recorded ominously maximum plant height, dry matter, leaf area and tillers which ultimately helped in producing 0.30 and 0.99 tone more grain yield ha-1 as compared to sole application of chemical (100 % RDF) and absolute control plot. Rests of the organic treatments were performed better in terms of growth attributes as well in grain yield over 100 % RDF. Present experimental finding clearly reflects the superiority of vermicompost in combination with panchgavya for sustainable aromatic rice production.
At this time, the world faces a critical challenge from various diseases due to high pollution and rapid industrial growth. Nowadays, in advanced treatment, various synthetic drugs are available. A synthetic drug not only cures diseases, but also has severe side effects on the human body and has high-cost value. A lot of examples reported that synthetic drugs are associated with side effects. As a result, Global Medicinal plants create huge demand due to low cost, fewer side effects. It has been continuously tried to minimize critical disorders in developed countries by utilizing secondary and primary plant bioactive phytochemical compounds. In this perspective, Hybanthus enneaspermus is an important multipurpose medicinal herb or a shrub. This plant belongs to the Violaceae family, commonly known as Ratanpuru, and has pink-colored flowers. It has been used as a medicinal herb since ancient times. The plant is used as an anti arthritic, anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial, anti-diabetic, antioxidant, and anti-ulcer. With potent antioxidant, nephroprotective, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antidiabetic, anti-arthritic, anti-allergic, hepatoprotective, and anti-ulcer properties, Hybanthus enneaspermus's pharmacological potential is summed up in this study. Numerous extracts exhibit notable bioactive qualities, such as ethanolic, aqueous, and ethyl acetate fractions. According to these results, Hybanthus enneaspermus has a variety of therapeutic uses and can be a useful natural resource for creating innovative herbal medications.
