A validated analytical method was established for quantitative assessment of multiresidue pesticides in tomato utilizing tandem mass spectrometry coupled with liquid chromatography (LC–MS/MS) and gas chromatography (GC–MS/MS) techniques, selected according to their analytical suitability. Sample treatment involved a modified Quick, Easy, Cheap, Effective, Rugged, and Safe (QuEChERS) extraction protocol to obtain clean extracts prior to analysis. The developed method exhibited high selectivity and satisfactory linear responses across all analytes, as reflected by coefficients of determination (R2) consistently exceeding 0.99. The method provided satisfactory accuracy, as evidenced by recoveries within 70–120
The consumption of caffeine-containing products such as energy drinks, coffee, and tears needs to be regulated due to health risks. Caffeine content is standardized in decaffeinated coffee products, which must comply with a maximum of 0.1 wt
Gallic acid (GA) is widely utilized in food, pharmaceutical, and chemical industries. However, its excessive consumption may lead to adverse effects such as gastrointestinal irritation and neurological complications. In this work, a cost-effective room-temperature fabrication approach is presented for the synthesis of magnetic iron oxide (Fe3O4) nanoparticles with graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs). The fabricated GNP@Fe3O4 hybrid nanocomposite was successfully characterized using various analytical techniques such as Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) to confirm its crystalline nature, phase purity, functional group information, surface morphology, and elemental composition. The graphene nanoplatelet and magnetic iron oxide-modified screen-printed carbon electrode (GNP@Fe3O4/SPCE) was used for the ultrasensitive electrochemical monitoring of GA in food samples. The fabricated GNP@Fe3O4/SPCE sensor demonstrated an excellent electrochemical response toward GA, achieving a low limit detection of limit (LOD) of 0.0009 μM over a wide linear concentration range of 0.08–80 μM. Moreover, low relative standard deviation values from selectivity, stability, reproducibility, and repeatability studies confirm the sensor's high reliability and analytical performance for GA detection. The fabricated GNP@Fe3O4/SPCE sensor also exhibited excellent sensing performance, enabling accurate determination of GA in different synthetic and naturally occurring food samples with recovery values ranging from 96.8
The significant bioactivities of essential oils (EOs) containing antimicrobial, antioxidant, and therapeutic properties underpin their utility from food and agriculture to healthcare; nevertheless, conventional extraction of thermally labile EOs often compromises yield and compositional integrity. Herein, a microwave-mediated pretreatment coupled with hydrodistillation extraction (MME) tactic meticulously optimized via response surface methodology (RSM) employing a Box-Behnken design (BBD) is proposed for the efficient recovery of a high-Zingiberene EO from ginger rhizome. Under the optimal extraction conditions with 16 g/L of sodium chloride concentration (A), 720 W of microwave power (B), 24 mL/g of liquid–solid ratio (C), 92 s of microwave irradiation time (D), and 4 h of distillation time, this modified MME protocol achieves a substantial yield of 2.25
The national food safety standards for physical and chemical testing methods serve as a fundamental tool for food safety risk assessment and management in China. Since the enactment of the Food Safety Law in 2009, these standards have undergone rigorous consolidation and follow-up evaluation. This study systematically analyzed the development, validation, and refinement processes of these standards over the past decade. The findings demonstrate that the standardization model has yielded a scientifically rigorous and highly operable standard system, supported by a feedback-driven continuous improvement mechanism. This systematic approach, with its emphasis on analytical performance validation and practical operability, offers a valuable reference for establishing or refining similar testing standards in other regions, particularly in terms of method standardization and routine laboratory application. Furthermore, prospective insights into the future development and emerging trends of these testing method standards are discussed, offering a theoretical reference for their continuous optimization and technological advancement.
