The problem of high-quality cleaning required for maintaining functional reliability of agricultural machines leads to the search for new ways and solutions, research, improvement and development of new methods and means of mechanization aimed at reducing material and labor costs, increasing productivity along with ensuring environmental safety of the process.The article provides rationale for the need to improve the management of portal washing unit which is automatic and requires new control algorithms for rational consumption of water, electricity, cleaning time.Neural network computing models are considered as a tool for washing unit control algorithm.They are modern computer technology tool that can be used in the agro-industrial complex; the architecture of neural network to perform the corresponding tasks was obtained.In recent years, neural network technologies and models based on them have been used in different sectors of national economy.This paper studies the possibility of using a neural network to recognize contamination level and the type of agricultural machinery in order to control the water supply in portal washingall this should reduce water consumption and generally increase the energy efficiency of washing unit.
This article describes the results of the authors' experimental studies of pathomorphological changes in laboratory animals associated with intoxication with nitrosocontaining (clothianidin) and cyano-containing (thiacloprid) compounds from the group of neonicotinoids.Acute intoxication was caused in 20 white outbred rats by single intragastric, via the tube, administration of pesticides Calypso (active ingredient thiacloprid, 480 g/L, BayerCropSciense, Germany) and AnoEx (active ingredient clotianidin, 20 g/L, Agravis Raiffeisen AG, Germany) in the doses of 1/10 LD 50 , respectively.Control group included intact animals (n=10).To assess the overall morphological picture, histological sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin, and Perls' method was used to indicate hemosiderin.Microphotography of histological preparations was carried out using Altami BIO 1 microscope with USMOSO3100KPA USB digital ocular camera.The research results prove that neonicotinoids, despite differences in their chemical structure (nitroso-and cyanocontaining preparations), cause the development of multiple organ pathologies due to vascular disorders.As a result of damaged microvasculature and endothelium of large vessels, the breakdown of histochematic barrier occurs what contributes to the delivery of pesticides and their metabolites into the cells of organs and damage of these organs.In addition, vascular disorders lead to the development of hypoxia which exacerbates the damaging effect on vascular wall and tissues.Dystrophic changes and multiple hemorrhages develop in parenchymal organs, and fibrillogenesis is activated.In some cases, there are alternative changes in the form of focal necrosis of liver.Expanded spleen marginal zone and increased area of periarteriolar lymphoid sheaths reveal immunity stress and potential danger of immunosuppression in the postintoxication period.Mentioned pathomorphological changes in the animal organism allow planning complex diagnostic and therapeutic measures in the course of the use of neonicotinoids.
The article presents the results of the probiotic preparation ―Olin‖ impact on the microbiocenosis of various biotopes in the avian gastrointestinal tract, immune response and productive indicators. Two groups of ducks were formed for the experiment, with 10 animals in each. Ducks of the 1 st (experimental) group received the ―Olin‖ probiotic from day 1 with the main diet until the end of feeding period. The 2 nd (control) group received only the main diet. The conducted comprehensive studies allow us to conclude that by the age of 60 days (slaughter age of ducks) the dominant members of the microbiocenosis of the studied biotopes in the gastrointestinal tract in the experimental group (No. 1) using the probiotic were: Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Escherichia coli, Bifididium bifididium and Lactobacillus spp. There was a decrease in the population of beneficial microbiota in the control group, but increase of Proteus vulgaris and Klebsiella pneumoniae. Ducks of the 2 nd group revealed a high persistent potential of opportunistic microorganisms. The highest level of anti-lysozyme activity (ALA) was found in Enterobacter spp. – 3.1 μg/ml, Escherichia coli – 2.21 μg/ml and Proteus vulgaris – 1.75 μg/ml. Bacteria isolated in ducks had a high degree of colonization ability. On average, the microorganism adhesion index (MAI) varies from 2.88 to 6.84 with a fairly high AAI (average adhesion indicator) – from 2.2 to 6.12. The vast majority of microorganisms were highly sensitive to enrofloxacin – 83.3%, tylosin – 66.6%, ciprofloxacin, chloramphenicol – 83.3%. The use of a probiotic preparation for the prevention of dysbiosis contributed to an increase in the content of lactobacilli and bifidobacteria and to a decrease in the number of opportunistic microorganisms in all sections of the gastrointestinal tract of ducks, as well as an increase in live weight and a decrease in feed conversion by 8%. Keywords—ducks, enterobiocenosis, dysbiosis, persistent properties, probiotic.
In this communication we present a method for detecting periodicities which are superimposed on noisy and possibly discontinuous trends. This problem is encountered in practice whenever the baseline of the signal is susceptible of unpredictable variations. The discrete frequency estimate of periodicities superimposed on large trends is done by counting the extrema of the signal. The robustness of the method is provided by observing the variations of a pair of order statistics (a joint order statistic envelope) of the signal. The simultaneous change of sign of these variations correspond to extrema. We show how this yet unresolved problem can be, in extremis, reduced to a known and resolved problem of the removal of smooth trends
The authors consider expansions which give arbitrary orthonormal tilings of the time-frequency plane. These differ from the short-time Fourier transform, wavelet transform, and wavelet packets tilings in that they change over time. They show how this can be achieved using time-varying orthogonal tree structures, which preserve orthogonality, even across transitions. The method is based on the construction of boundary and transition filters; these allow us to construct essentially arbitrary tilings. Time-varying modulated lapped transforms are a special case, where both boundary and overlapping solutions are possible with filters obtained by modulation. They present a double-tree algorithm which for a given signal decides on the best binary segmentation in both time and frequency. That is, it is a joint optimization of time and frequency splitting. The algorithm is optimal for additive cost functions (e.g., rate-distortion), and results in time-varying best bases, the main application of which is for compression of nonstationary signals. Experiments on test signals are presented. >
