Space microgravity lead to changes in the functioning of most human organs and systems, including cardiovascular. Installation of a complex with a gravitational training effect (for example, a short-radius centrifuge (SRC)) on board a spacecraft may be a solution to this problem.
In 1994, A. Piccoli et al. proposed BIVA—an alternative form of BIA data presentation. Standard values of BIVA are usually presented as 75% and 95% tolerance ellipse.
Electroporation is a phenomenon that increases cells permeability due to applications of electric fields. Electrochemotherapy uses electroporation to facilitate drugs insertion into tumor cells. Guarantee that all tumor tissue will be electroporated is vital to treatment success. Needle electrodes can present complex electric field distribution. This paper aims to study electric field changes due to variations in electrodes and application protocols parameters. Besides, we suggest a superposition approach to improve electroporation treatment.
New materials have been developed with nanotechnology since the 1960s. Carbon-based nanocomposites are used as biosensor due to structural, electrical and thermal properties. These nanocomposites have advantages as high sensitivity, mechanical flexibility, and biocompatibility useful in glucose sensors. Non-conventional methods have been used to measure glucose in physiological fluids like urine, sweat, saliva, breath, interstitial and ocular fluid. This work presents preliminary results of electrical impedance spectroscopy measurements at low glucose concentrations (36–1000 µM). It uses bipolar sensor coated with a mixture of DBEGA and graphene. Results indicate a higher sensitivity (348 Ω/µM) in glucose concentrations lower than 200 µM. The sensitivity diminished with increments of glucose concentration. This sensor has a promising application to quantify glucose concentrations in frequencies between 100 Hz to 10 MHz with low Electrode-Electrolyte Interface. A possible sensor application is monitoring continuously physiological aqueous media as urine, sweat or saliva sensing for hypoglycemic and hyperglycemic patients
VADs (Ventricular Assist Devices) support the weakened heart by pumping blood carrying oxygen and life-essential nutrition into the organs. The advantageous location of minimal-invasive catheter-based VADs in the left ventricle and the aorta can be used to determine relevant cardiac parameters to achieve physiological and individual control of the VAD according to the needs of the patient. These parameters can be used to accelerate weaning from the pump, leading to an improvement in the patient’s quality of life. To date, impedance technology is a suitable tool for monitoring the volume of hollow organs and analysing electrical changes in tissue properties. Using this technique in the heart, we believe that cardiac recovery in VAD therapy can be improved by measuring left ventricular volume and myocardial property changes due to insufficient perfusion.
