For the past 25 years, the architecture profession have seen great shifts in skills level, work processes and professional culture with the adoption of digital technologies. Investment in technology has always been to improve effectiveness in practice and increase performance in the design/build process that yields a return of investment at the end of the day.Today, more and more digital technologies have been developed and created to accommodate the high demands of the market over the years, including Building Information Modelling (BIM) and Building Performance Simulation (BPS). This research aims to look into the insight of how architect firms in Malaysia are coping up with the introduction with BIM and BPS. The main approach is by conducting a nationwide survey on all the architectural firms in Malaysia and the findings will be used as a base for further research on the matter.
Schedulers play a critical role in ensuring the performance of IT systems and highly relevant for their security. In many security applications a scheduling must be analyzed rapidly and often this implies that not all information required to uniquely identify individual jobs can be obtained both for practical and efficiency reasons. Here we develop a framework for the automated, real time verification of a scheduling with limited information. Given a set of jobs and a specification of the dependencies between these jobs the task is to check whether the jobs has been scheduled in such an order that the dependencies are satisfied. Dependencies between jobs are specified using a partial order. Due to the loss of information some jobs may become indistinguishable and the partial order property may be lost. By introducing an approach based on abstraction at the combinatorial level we introduce a new framework to represent the approximated information and to define methods and algorithms to check the correctness of abstracted schedulings. Finally we present an application regarding scheduling process for smart cards. Further areas of application include model checking and process mining.
A dynamical measure is designed to assess the time-changing degree of efficiency of stock markets, under the hypothesis that the price can be modeled by the Multifractional Processes with Random Exponent (MPRE), a class of stochastic processes defined to make the fractional Brownian motion more versatile in describing nonhomogeneous dynamics. Our findings show that efficiency appears at low frequencies as a consequence of the balancement of local inefficiencies of opposite sign.
