Health information systems (HIS) are facing security challenges on data privacy and confidentiality. These challenges are based on centralized system architecture creating a target for malicious attacks. Blockchain technology has emerged as a trending technology with the potential to improve data security. Despite the effectiveness of this technology, still HIS are suffering from a lack of data privacy and confidentiality. This paper presents a blockchain-based data storage security architecture integrated with an e-Health care system to improve its security. The study employed a qualitative research method where data were collected using interviews and document analysis. Execute-order-validate Fabric's storage security architecture was implemented through private data collection, which is the combination of the actual private data stored in a private state, and a hash of that private data to guarantee data privacy. The key findings of this research show that data privacy and confidentiality are attained through a private data policy. Network peers are decentralized with blockchain only for hash storage to avoid storage challenges. Cost-effectiveness is achieved through data storage within a database of a Hyperledger Fabric. The overall performance of Fabric is higher than Ethereum. Ethereum's low performance is due to its execute-validate architecture which has high computation power with transaction inconsistencies. E-Health care system administrators should be trained and engaged with blockchain architectural designs for health data storage security. Health policymakers should be aware of blockchain technology and make use of the findings. The scientific contribution of this study is based on; cost-effectiveness of secured data storage, the use of hashes of network data stored in each node, and low energy consumption of Fabric leading to high performance.
The article discusses information technology and communication technologies in higher education, which traditionally boil down to two main areas. The first is to use the capabilities of these technologies to increase the accessibility of education, which is carried out by including in the education system those persons for whom another method may not be available at all. It is pointed out that distance learning meets many objections. Her opponents rightly point out that future students are deprived of everything that is required to receive a truly high-quality education: work in laboratories, access to scientific libraries, communication with teachers and other students at seminars and in an informal setting.
In order for the Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs) environments to be able to provide such useful road services, large amounts of data are generated and exchanged among the various communicated entities wirelessly via open channels in these vehicular networks. This attracts adversaries and threatens the network with a variety of potential types of security attacks. In this paper, we focus on blockchain-based security schemes while demonstrating the effectiveness of blockchains in the VANET context. Following a thorough introduction to VANET and blockchain, a comprehensive list of security needs, difficulties, and potential threats in vehicle networks is presented. Then, with a thorough comparative assessment of the method- ologies utilized, network models, evaluation tools, and attacks mitigated, a more in-depth review of modern blockchain-based authentication systems in VANETs is offered. Finally, several potential issues with VANET security are presented that will need to be resolved in future studies.
At the present stage of the world economic development, a new economic system is being formed, in which non-economic values, in particular environmental and social parameters, have become widespread. A new vision of economic activity is being formed, which acquires the qualities of Smart-economy. The purpose of this paper is reveal the features of managing the development of smart cities as specific entities of the Smart-economy. New functions of economic entities are formed within the framework of the Smart-economy concept, while their role and weight in the localities' activity or formation have changed. Determining that the key trends in the Smart-economy development are such as digitalization, greening, socialization, institutionalization, and urbanization, this is necessary to note that all these trends are most active in the formation of urban ecosystems. These trends are determined by the general population growth and the urban population growth, which requires considerable attention to planning each city's development itself. Such planning could ensure the comfort of living for all its inhabitants, quality, safe, and modern life. The Smart-city's key elements and the intellectualized approach implementation planes to the decision of these or those tasks are definedIt is determined that a new ecosystem of governance is being formed.
The article considers the features of the organizational-economic mechanism of attracting investment resources in the innovative development of regions in terms of sustainable development. Factors influencing the investment activity of regions in terms of sustainable development, including: institutional structure, intellectual capital, level of innovation infrastructure, business development, financial and credit component, level of human resources development, information environment, production development, environmental component. Factors influencing the attraction of investment resources in the regions are identified. The dynamics of changes in the volume of capital investments and foreign direct investment in Ukraine is analyzed. The regional features of the distribution of capital investments in the conditions of sustainable development are revealed. The essence of the main principles on the basis of which the organizational economic mechanism of attraction of investment resources in innovative development of regions in the conditions of sustainable development should be formed is analyzed. A set of measures to regulate the investment processes of the regions has been identified. The mechanism of attraction of investment resources in innovative development of regions in the conditions of sustainable development is outlined. The results of activity of separate Agencies of regional development for 2020 in the direction of investment and innovation activity and increase of level of investment attractiveness of regions are analyzed. Important prerequisites for the effective implementation of the organizational-economic mechanism for attracting investment resources in the innovative development of regions in terms of sustainable development are identified. The main directions of directing the efforts of the organizational-economic mechanism to ensure the attraction of investment resources in the innovative development of regions in the context of increasing the level of investment activity in the regional aspect are substantiated.
