ABSTRACT This article analyses the relationship between foreign ownership structure and financial performance, measured by return on assets (ROA) and return on equity (ROE), in Vietnam's banking industry. The dataset consists of annual observations from 26 Vietnamese commercial banks over the period 2005–2023. The study employs random‐effects estimation, system GMM, Heckman selection model, quantile regression and mediation analysis to examine the relationship between foreign ownership and bank performance. The findings indicate that foreign ownership is positively and significantly associated with ROA. This positive association is observed across all profitability levels for ROA, whereas, for ROE, statistical significance appears only among mid‐ and high‐performing banks. The results are consistent with intellectual capital (IC) mediating the relationship between foreign ownership and bank profitability, with human capital efficiency (HCE) and capital employed efficiency (CEE) showing the strongest associations. These findings suggest that policymakers should consider gradually relaxing foreign ownership restrictions while promoting policies that enhance human capital development and efficient capital utilization in the banking sector. Such measures may help strengthen productivity, governance quality and long‐term competitiveness of Vietnamese banks.
ABSTRACT This study investigates genderwashing practices in Indian higher education institutions (HEIs) as an organisational phenomenon. It draws on Joan Acker's framework of gendered organisations to examine the manifestations of genderwashing through five processes: the division of labour, cultural symbols, interactions, individual identities and organisational logic. Semi‐structured interviews with 26 senior academic administrators across non‐STEM fields in HEIs reveal how symbolic compliance with gender policies coexists with hidden biases in work allocation, cultural norms and leadership progression. The findings demonstrate how symbolic gender compliance sustains male‐dominated management structures while fulfilling external regulatory demands for gender equity. These results affect HEIs’ contribution to meeting Sustainable Development Goals targets related to gender equality and decent work. Instead of framing structural barriers as ‘individual choices’, the authors recommend that HEIs invest in processes and structures that make them gender‐inclusive, such as affordable childcare and flexible working arrangements, which impact career progression. Gendered actions and attitudes embedded in the structures and minds of stakeholders involved in higher education need re‐examination and subsequent action.
ABSTRACT The negotiation of hundreds of bilateral extradition treaties in the second half of 19th century, along with the first multilateral agreements on criminal extradition in the early 20th century, transformed extradition into a routine mechanism of cross‐border crime control. The operationalization of extradition created a network of international cooperation that expanded the capacity of states and empires to govern crime beyond their territorial boundaries. Although often confined to studies of international law, extradition constitutes a privileged locus for examining crime and criminal justice on a global scale. This study examines extradition both as an exercise of state power beyond national borders and as an instrument through which transnational organized crime was historically constructed. It will be argued that extradition illuminates not only the development of internationalized societies but also tensions and conflicts that shaped inter‐state relations in the struggle against crime. Drawing on diplomatic documentation concerning the negotiation of extradition treaties and specific extradition cases involving primarily Southern European and South American countries between the 1850s and the 1950s, this study examines extradition not merely as a legal discourse but as a historically situated set of rationalities for governing crime. The central argument is that the formation and consolidation of extradition as a mechanism of inter‐state cooperation cannot be understood without a historical analysis of how expanding mobility in the South Atlantic reshaped perceptions of complex forms of criminality and, in turn, the institutions designed to govern it.
