Determining the sex of sperm is vital for boosting the efficiency of livestock production. Conventional methods, however, often struggle with issues like reduced motility in sexed sperm. This study set out to examine the characteristics of sexed sperm in cattle by activating Toll-Like Receptor 7/8 (TLR 7/8) with resiquimod 848 (R848). Conducted over a period of seven months at the Regional Technical Implementation Unit of the Artificial Insemination Breeding and Development Center (UPTD-BPPIB) for Beef Cattle in Ciamis. Three productive-age Pasundan bulls were used in this study. The study involved incubating sperm with different concentrations of R848 (0, 0.03, 0.3, and 0.6 µM) for 30 and 45 minutes. The study evaluated parameters such as progressive motility, viability, and the integrity of the sperm plasma membrane, both before and after thawing. The results indicated that the quality of fresh semen varied among individuals, and the quality of semen after incubation also differed individually. Overall, the data demonstrated that a concentration of 0.03 µM R848 for 30 minutes resulted in semen quality after freezing that was nearly identical to the control. In contrast, the highest concentration (0.6 µM) significantly decreased all semen quality parameters. The activation of TLR 7/8 with 0.03 µM R848 for 30 minutes is suitable for sperm sexing in Pasundan cattle.
Rearing systems influence the welfare and productivity of chickens, which may affect physiological and immune responses, including haematological parameters. Understanding the interaction between different rearing systems and sex onchicken haematology is essential for supporting optimal management strategies and livestock adaptation to the environment.This study aimed to analyze and explore the interaction between sex and different rearing systems on the haematological parameters of IPB D3 chickens. A total of 90 IPB D3 chickens aged 12 weeks were reared for 12 weeks under two different rearing systems. The intensive system housed 45 chickens, 21 males and 24 females, while the free-range system also housed 45 chickens, 21 males and 24 females. Blood samples were collected at 24 weeks from the brachial vein and analyzed for total haematological parameters. Data were analyzed using Student’s t-test, multiple regression with dummy variables, and Pearson’s correlation, with a 5% significance level in R Studio 4.4.0. The results showed that erythrocytes, haemoglobin, haematocrit, erythrocyte indices, and differential leukocytes did not show significant differences (p > 0.05), and no interaction was found between different rearing systems and sex. However, total leukocyte count differed significantly based on the rearing system (p < 0.05) but showed no interaction with sex. In conclusion, different rearing systems do not affect the haematological stability of IPB D3 chickens but do influence leukocyte counts without a correlation to sex. IPB D3 chickens demonstrate strong immunity and good adaptability to the environment, whether reared in an intensive or free-range system.
Reproductive aging is characterized by a progressive decline in physiological integrity that triggers damage to the testes, epididymis and other reproductive organs. Oxidative stress is associated with aging and infertility in men which causes a decrease in semen volume, abnormal morphology, decreased sperm viability and motility. One of the treatments for oxidative stress is the use of antioxidant compounds such as Moringa plants. The purpose of this study was to determine the antioxidant mechanism of moringa leaf ethanol extract on sperm motility and viability in old Wistar rats.This type of research is randomized post-test only control group design. The total sample was 36 old wistar rats, which were randomized into 2 groups, the treatment group (18 rats) was given ethanol extract Moringa oleifera (EEMO) 50 mg/kg BW + CMC 0.5%, 0.5 ml / day. The control group (18 rats) was given CMC 0.5%, 0.5 ml/day, for 30 days. Termination of rats using the cervical dislocation method. Motility and viability of spermatozoa were examined. Data analysis using independent sample t-test and Mann Whitney with a significance value of p = 0.05.The results showed that the antioxidant content of EEMO 50 mg/kg BW + CMC 0.5%, for 30 days in old wistar rats increased progressive motility, decreased non-progressive motility and immotility, and increased spermatozoa viability, significantly in the treatment group compared to the control group with a p value <0.05. In conclusion, Moringa Leaf Extract Improves Spermatozoa Motility and viability through an antioxidant mechanism in old wistar rats.
Semen quality is influenced by various factors, including sexual rest. This study aimed to evaluate the quality of chilled semen from Indonesian local rams subjected to sexual rest. Semen was collected from four rams using an artificial vagina and evaluated macroscopically (volume, colour, consistency, pH, and mass movement) and microscopically (sperm concentration, progressive motility, viability, and abnormality). Semen was then diluted using either Tris-fructose-egg yolk (Tris) or sodium citrate-fructose-egg yolk (Na-citrate) extenders to a concentration of 50×10? cells/0.2 ml. The diluted semen was stored in sealed centrifuge tubes at 4–5°C. Progressive motility and viability of spermatozoa in chilled semen were assessed every 24 hours for four days. The influence of scrotal circumference (SC) on both fresh and chilled semen quality was also evaluated. Results showed that fresh semen had a volume of 1.08±0.12 mL, milky white colour, thin to thick consistency, pH of 6.42±0.13, mass movement score of 2.94±0.13, concentration of 4941±926.84×10?/mL, progressive motility of 79.38±2.17%, viability of 87.74±3.48%, and abnormality of 7.99±3.14%. Sexual rest increased sperm concentration and abnormality, while SC significantly influenced progressive motility, viability, concentration, and abnormality in fresh semen. However, sexual rest had no significant effect on chilled semen quality. The Tris extender could maintain sperm motility and viability significantly better (P < 0.05) than the Na-citrate extender. Additionally, chilled semen quality was influenced by SC. In conclusion, sexual rest improved certain parameters of fresh semen quality but did not significantly affect the quality of chilled semen in local Indonesian rams.
Transporting livestock poses a risk to animal performance and welfare. The objective of the study was to evaluate the impact of short transport periods on physiological responses, blood profile and performance during recondition period of local beef cattle. A total of 16 bulls consisting of eight Ongole Grade (PO) and local crossbred (SL) were used in this study. Parameters observed were weight loss, rectal temperature, respiratory rate, panting score, glucose, creatinine, packed cell volume/PCV, hemoglobin (Hb), erythrocyte, leucocyte, and leucocyte differentiation, as well as data for performance during recondition period namely feed consumption and conversion, average daily gain and final weight after reconditioning. Data for body weight loss, physiological parameters, and blood profile were analyzed with analysis of variance (ANOVA) with repeated measurement. Whereas data for performance during recondition was analyzed by analysis of covariance with initial weight post transportation as covariable. Results showed that PO cattle have significantly higher (P<0,05) glucose and PCV concentrations during pre-transportation than SL cattle due to the more excited character of PO cattle. Glucose and PCV of PO and SL cattle were significantly decreased (P<0,05) during post transportation. However, the concentration of glucose and PCV were similar for both breeds during post transportation. In addition, short periods of road transport increase neutrophil: lymphocyte ratio. Furthermore, PO cattle have better performance during recondition period compared to SL cattle. Final weight, average daily gain, feed consumption and dry matter intake after 10 days of recondition for PO cattle was significantly higher (P<0,05) compared to SL cattle.
