This descriptive study was conducted to identify the occupational risks and coping mechanisms of seafarers. The respondents of the study were 85 seafarers chosen using convenience sampling. A researcher-made questionnaire, which has undergone validity and reliability testing was used to gather the data. Percentage, mean, and standard deviation were utilized to analyze the data. Results showed that seafarers were found to be subjected to numerous occupational risks, with work-related stress and exposure to dangerous working conditions as the most significant threat. Seafarers reported high involvement in a range of coping methods including communication with family and friends, time management, physical fitness, camaraderie building, and hobbies/leisure activities. To summarize, seafarers are under a lot of stress related to work and work in unsafe conditions. Therefore, it is very important to introduce better welfare programs for seafarers that meet their individual needs and improve their well-being.
Vocational sea transportation programs continue to treat communicative competence as a matter of vocabulary accuracy and phraseology recall, an approach that leaves cadets unprepared for the interpretive demands of multinational crew environments. This study investigates how multiliteracy pedagogy shapes critical literacy development among cadets training for sea transportation communication in English. Using a qualitative design, the research draws on data from 72 cadets across Amanjaya Maritime Institute, Djadayat Maritime Institute, and Malahayati Sea Transportation Institute, applying thematic analysis, cross-group comparison, and narrative synthesis to interpret cadet and instructor perspectives. Findings show that authentic materials, task-based activities, and critical analysis exercises jointly produce literacy gains that conventional instruction does not reach, particularly in cadets' capacity to question institutional authority embedded in communication protocols and to adapt register across cultural contexts. The study identifies empowerment of professionalism as the central outcome, positioning multiliteracy pedagogy as a mechanism for workforce readiness rather than a supplementary language exercise. The research contributes a contextually grounded account of multiliteracy pedagogy within Indonesian maritime vocational education and offers a basis for curriculum reform across comparable institutions.
Green human resource management has grown into a large literature, and its distribution across industry sectors has not been measured. This paper establishes that distribution and synthesises what the maritime portion of it contains. A corpus of 3,887 journal articles was assembled from OpenAlex and screened, and eight industry sectors were measured with symmetrical term lists. Maritime and logistics operations rank 8th of eight at 0.93% of the field, against 10.96% for hospitality and tourism, a 11.8-fold difference. Two further findings follow. The field as a whole engages recruitment channels in 0.57% of its output and employer branding in 1.29%, although green recruitment is one of its core constructs. Within the maritime evidence base, 13 studies were identified, of which all but one date from 2024 onward. Those studies share no common outcome variable, rely almost entirely on cross-sectional variance models, sample seafarers in only two cases, and disagree on which green human resource management dimension carries the strongest effect. No study of recruitment channels or employer branding appears in the maritime subset, and the paper sets out why that count is uninformative about sector-level neglect at this subset size. The contribution is a measured denominator for a field that has been described only in aggregate, and the first synthesis of its maritime component.
Trim optimization is widely promoted as a low-cost lever for reducing ship fuel consumption, yet most estimates of its benefit come from calm-water simulations or empirical models, leaving open whether the effect survives where sea state, wind and speed vary jointly with trim. This study analyzes 139 voyages of a Ro-Ro/Container vessel on a fixed interisland route (Puerto del Rosario–Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Canary Islands), combining loading-computer hydrostatics, flow-meter fuel records, AIS-derived speed and course, and hourly sea-state observations. A naive comparison across trim bins reproduces the ≈4% saving commonly cited for moderate stern trim, but the difference is not significant (Welch t-test, p=0.80) and is no longer identifiable once significant wave height (Hs) and speed over ground are controlled for (p>0.7 in every specification). Over the interquartile trim range these operations explore, the 95% confidence interval for the trim effect spans −1.4% to +1.7% of specific consumption, excluding savings of the magnitude reported under controlled conditions. Trim is itself confounded with sea state: bow-down voyages occur, on average, in significantly higher sea states than moderate stern-trim voyages (p=0.009). Added resistance from wave height is significant in head seas (p<0.001) but indistinguishable from zero in beam seas (p=0.42). For this vessel and route, trim adjustments within the range routinely used are therefore secondary to weather-driven resistance, while the wider envelope simulated under controlled conditions remains beyond the resolution of operational data, with direct implications for how trim optimization tools are calibrated and how their recommendations are presented onboard.
Maritime emergency coordination places shore-based controllers under acute cognitive demand: they must convert fragmentary alerts into coordinated responses under time pressure and incomplete information. While maritime safety research has extensively analysed the causes of accidents, comparatively little has addressed the decision support available at the coordination centre where the response is managed. This paper develops an operational reading of accident data for the Spanish Search and Rescue (SAR) region.Using 276 accidents investigated by the Spanish Commission for the Investigation of Maritime Accidents and Incidents (CIAIM, 2008–2017), together with the official activity statistics and staffing structure of the Spanish Maritime Safety and Rescue Agency (Salvamento Marítimo), it proposes a Coordination Demand Index (CDI): a transparent composite that maps the observable characteristics of an incident to an estimate of the coordination effort it is likely to require. Index weights are anchored in a permutation-importance analysis, which confirms that compliance with the minimum safe-manning requirement is the dominant variable and that visibility is effectively noninformative for this region. The CDI is defined in two states — a priori, from data available at the first alert (using the type-conditioned base rate of undermanning), and updated as the emergency reveals the actual manning status — mirroring decisionmaking under incomplete information. Recurrent accident archetypes are mapped onto a three-tier screen-triage scheme, and a workload model shows that the average percontroller load is low; coordination demand arises instead from incident complexity and from its concentration in a few centres and in the long night shift. Presented as a transparent, operationally grounded proposal — robust to its weighting choices, with prospective validation against measured coordination demand set out as the next step — the instruments are offered as complementary aids to the controller's judgement, not as substitutes for it.
