. KEYWORDS :Arnica montana, Belladonna, compatibility, Thuja occidentalis, Trichoderma reesei
. KEYWORDS :Basidiomycota, biodiversity, gasteromycetes, macrofungi, Maharashtra, new record, protected Area
Basidiomycetes are fairly a diverse group of fungi represented by about 1948 genera consisting of 30,000 species and classified under the sub-division basidiomycotina. Most of them comprise highly developed fructifications, known as basidiocarps which may be fleshy or woody. The present study of basidiomycetes fungi has provided significant insights into the diversity this group of fungi within the Dadra and Nagar Haveli District. The average annual rainfall in Dadra and Nagar Haveli ranges between 2,000 mm to 2,500 mm and the average annual temperature ranges between 25 C to 27.5 C with good humid environment which favors growth of diverse fungi in forest areas. The forest areas in the district surveyed weekly during rainy season i.e. June to September 2024. The basidiomycetes fungi were observed, collected, photographed and preserved in FAA solution. Extensive field survey in above areas in the Dadra and Nagar Haveli District revealed the occurrence of 105 species of fungi belonging to class basidiomycetes, of which 76 species were identified so far.. KEYWORDS :Basidiomycetes, Basidiomycota, Dadra and Nagar Haveli (DNH), diversity, fungi, taxonomy
Collar rot is a major ecological constraint limiting the productivity of elephant foot yam (Amorphophallus paeoniifolius) in the Shiwalik foothills of Punjab. To evaluate how sowing dates and nitrogen sources influence crop performance and disease incidence, a field experiment was conducted during the rainy season at PAU Regional Research Station, Ballowal Saunkhri. The study was laid out in a randomized block design with three replications, comprising three sowing dates (10 April, 10 May, and 10 June) and two nitrogen regimes (100% N through farmyard manure [FYM] and 50% N through FYM + 50% N through urea). Observations on plant height, corm weight, corm yield, and collar rot incidence were recorded. Sowing on 10 May consistently minimized collar rot occurrence while producing taller plants (88.5 cm), heavier corms (1.55 kg), and the highest yield (57.9 t ha_¹). Among nitrogen sources, integrated application of FYM and urea proved superior, resulting in greater plant height (85.3 cm), corm weight (1.38 kg), and yield (52.2 t ha_¹), with reduced disease incidence compared to sole FYM application. These findings demonstrate that timely sowing on 10 May, coupled with integrated nitrogen management, effectively alters the disease ecology of elephant foot yam by suppressing collar rot and enhancing productivity under Shiwalik foothill conditions.. KEYWORDS :Collar rot, corm yield, elephant foot yam, farmyard manure, sowing dates, urea
Wilt disease caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lentis affects lentil cultivation worldwide and is a prime factor responsible for the low yield of lentil in India. In the present investigations, twenty-three isolates of F. oxysporum f. sp. lentis (Fol) from different locations in Madhya Pradesh were characterized for cultural and morphological traits. These isolates exhibited variability in growth rate, size of conidia, conidial septation, colony color and colony texture. The isolates were categorized as fast (12 isolates, >8 mm day ), -1 medium (9 isolates, 7 to 8 mm day ), and slow-growing (2 isolates, up to 7 mm day ). The colony color of -1 -1 different isolates ranged from white to purple/pinkish/yellowish tinge in white. The majority of the isolates (16) displayed a white colony color. Both fluffy (15 isolates) and appressed (8 isolates) colony textures were recorded. The size of macroconidia and microconidia varied from 16.38x4.66 to 36.32x5.46 μm and 4.16x3.75 to 12.06x4.08 μm, respectively. All the isolates were pathogenic, causing a 55.55 per cent (Fol 7) to 100 per cent (Fol 20) incidence in susceptible lentil RVL-31. Hence, the results indicated that the isolates of F. oxysporum f. sp. lentis associated with lentil were variable in Madhya Pradesh, potentially imposing a serious wilt problem in the region.. KEYWORDS :Lentil, Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lentis, variability, wilt
