Defects in the development in the neck area of the embryo result in branchial cleft anomalies. Various first branchial cleft anomalies are described in literature including preauricular sinuses, cysts and collaural fistula. In our case study, we document a very unusual case of fistula between floor of external auditory canal and nasopharynx. Such patient requires thorough evaluation and step-wise approach to treat. After clinical examination and radiological evaluation, surgically the fistula was excised in toto via external approach using Modified Blair’s incision. In our case, fistulous tract was running from external auditory canal to nasopharynx, running superior and medial to the trunk of facial nerve. No such case is found to be reported in literature after extensive search. Hence, it would be strongly advocated to keep this presentation in the differential diagnosis during evaluation. Also, it is worth mentioning and recommending that a careful radiological examination is a must before approaching for surgery.
Skull base a medical procedure is a particular kind of medical procedure that spotlights on treating conditions at the foundation of the skull. This incorporates regions like the undersurface of the mind and significant nerves and vessels that exit out of the cerebrum to help faculties like sight, smell, and hearing. The test in skull base a medical procedure is arriving at these spaces without slicing through the skull and withdraw the mind.
Sleep apnea is a potentially serious sleep disorder in which breathing repeatedly stops and starts. If you snore loudly and feel tired even after a full night's sleep, you might have sleep apnea.
Aim: To compare the surgical outcome of endoscopic and microscopic stapedotomy. Materials and Methods: This prospective comparative study was conducted in the department of otolaryngology, Maulana Azad Medical College. The study population comprised of patients diagnosed with otosclerosis clinically by tuning fork tests and pure tone audiometry. Duration of study was from September 2016 to February 2018. A total of 30 patients were selected based on inclusion criteria. The patients operated by each technique (endoscopic-group A, microscopic-group B) were 15. The parameters compared for both groups were-operating time, postoperative closure of air-bone gap, intraoperative and postoperative complications. The age and sex demographics of otosclerosis were also studied. Results: Otosclerosis is a disease of young adults with a sex ratio (F:M) of 2:1. Among intraoperative parameters, 20% patients in group A and 86.7% in group B required curettage of canal wall (p-value-0.001). Chorda tympani injury was seen in 6.7% patients in group A and 20% in group B (p-value-0.283). Mean operative time when compared was statistically significant (group A-51.53 mins, group B-62.73 mins, p-value-0.001). Postoperative complications like pain and dizziness were more common in group B. Air Bone Gap (ABG) closure in both groups was comparable (p-value-0.798). Conclusion: With our study results we can conclude that endoscopic and microscopic stapedotomy have a comparable audiological outcome with added advantage of less operative time, pain, increased visibility, decreased postoperative dizziness, minimal handling of chorda tympani and canal wall curettage. To substantiate this result, a larger population study is required.
Congenital fissure and congenital fissure are birth absconds that happen when a child's lip or mouth don't frame as expected during pregnancy. Together, these birth absconds regularly are designated orofacial clefts
