To im prove the performance of wet-white obtained from vegetable tannage,the zeolite tanning agent was introduced.The shrinkage temperature and physical properties including tear strength and tensile strength used as evaluation indicators,the best vegetable-zeolite combination tannage process technology was optimized by the single factor method.The experimental results show that the optimal vegetable-zeolite combination tannage process is as follows:the dosage of zeolite tanning agent is 5%,the tanning time is 50 minutes,the tanning endpoint pH is 5.5,and the tanning endpoint temperature is 30℃.The tanning effect of the white-wet obtained by vegetable-zeolite combination tannage process is excellent,with a shrinkage temperature of 94.55℃,a tear strength of 55.75 N/mm,a tensile strength of 11.44 N/mm2,and a significant reduction in positional differences.This has a significant improvement effect on vegetable tanned wet-white,providing a new approach for chrome free combination tanning.
To improve the unhairing effect of composite enzymes,TRIZ theory was used for systematic,functional and resource analysis,then a creative solution was proposed by applying the Substance-Field Analysis theory,which introduced keratinase and nano tourmaline powder.The single factor method and orthogonal design method were used to optimize the formula of the improved composite enzyme preparation.The experimental results show that the optimal ratio of the improved composite enzyme preparation is 0.6%for composite enzyme A,0.2%for keratinase K and 1.0%for nano tourmaline powder.The composite enzyme preparation is suitable for existing enzyme unhairing processes,with a unhairing rate of>95%,good particle surface integrity and excellent hair removal effect,which provides a new way to reduce pollution and improve the ecological performance of the unhairing process.
To investigate processability of wet-end based on the wet-blue prepared from seawater(HS),the wet-blue prepared from industrial water(GS)was used as a benchmark,the process technological effects of the main processes,the pollutant content in the waste liquid and the physical-mechanical properties of the crust were used as evaluation indicators,and a universal wet-end process was used for comparative research.The experimental results showed that the process effectiveness,ecological performance and product performance of both could met the requirements of production;although the process effectiveness of HS was slightly lower than that of GS,it gradually approached with the increase of processes;the soluble solid content,COD and total chromium content of HS wastewater were higher than the corresponding GS;after wet-end treatment,the thickness and softness of HS were slightly lower than that of GS,while tear strength,elongation at break,tensile strength,bursting strength and bursting height of HS were slightly higher than GS.All of those indicate that HS has good wet-end processability and application prospects.
介绍了模糊层次聚类的基本方法与步骤.运用模糊层次对我国部分上市皮革企业的经营绩效进行了聚类.聚类过程中,采用环比评分法确定指标的权重,运用极大极小法构造模糊相似矩阵,通过统计量比较分析,确定了最佳分类数目.结果显示:方法通俗易懂,直观生动,客观准确.
通过对海水和工业水制备的蓝湿革进行染整板块和整饰板块工艺加工,并对所得到坯革和皮革的性能进行对比,以考察海水制蓝湿革的后续工艺加工性能.结果发现,海水制坯革和皮革的柔软度较低、视密度较大,以及撕裂强度、断裂伸长率、抗张强度、崩裂强度和崩破高度等物理力学性能均优于工业水制蓝湿革;经染整板块和整饰板块工艺处理后,两者间的差异变小;另颈部、背部、腹部和臀部等部位之间存在一定的差异,但差异不大;同时,两者均具有优异的涂层性能,耐干擦达到 5 级,耐湿擦达到 4-5 级,涂层耐折牢度达到 5 万次无裂纹.这说明,海水制蓝湿革具有较好的后续板块工艺适应能力,可加工能力较好,按常规工艺即可得到较优的产品性能,应用前景看好.
