Road traffic accident is a massive health hazard in Egypt and all over the world. Also, Road traffic injuries (RTIs) are a major cause of global mortality and morbidity. Available funds are insufficient to solve problems in all accident locations at the same time. Consequently, accident locations need to be ranked according to its severity for best allocation of available funds to repair the most severe locations. El Minia-Beni suif east and Agriculture roads are of the roads that have a highly repetition of accidents. This study compares between accident characteristics on both roads. In addition, areas of high accident occurrence are ranked according to its severity. Accident data on both roads is abstained from General Authority of Roads, Bridges and Land transport (GARBLT) for the period from 2010-2014. Analysis proved that Agriculture road has the major part of accidents, death and injuries. The maximum number of accidents on both roads occurs at kilometers between 20 and 30. The road section length of highly accident location on both roads is divided into subsections with length 2 km. These subsections are ranked according to its severity using the accident weight methodology. Accident weight is estimated using the economic cost of death, injury and property damage. Black spots are determined using Critical Crash Rate approach. Analysis proved that two locations on the study area can be considered as black spots. One on each road at the same km (24-26) is considered as a black spot. The present study recommends starting modifications with these two black spots sites then other locations according to its rank of severity. Also, the research recommends that the methodology introduced in should be used on all Egyptian roads. © 2016. Marsland Press, Zhengzhou University Language: en
One of the main issues in political philosophy is freedom. The concept of freedom has always been the most challenging social-political issues. What is the position of Islam in relation to freedom? What is the scope of government intervention in relation to the freedom of individuals? Where is the place of political philosophy of Islamic-Shia? According to Islamic texts, including topics that are discussed in this article are Shia. [Fatemeh Ferdowsi, Jahangir Masoudi. Surveillance of Freedom in Shia political philosophy. Life Sci J 2015;12(5s):12-18]. (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 2
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of Cu and Zn supplementation on growth, blood serum Cu and Zn levels, scrotal circumference and semen quality in growing male Boer × Nubian bucks. Twenty eight male goats were fed twice daily at 07:00 and 19:00 h with a total mixed ration (TMR) containing 10.3 and 22.5 mg/kg DM of Cu and Zn, respectively. TMR was supplemented with four treatments being: control, Cu (21.7), Zn (5.6), and Cu-Zn (21.7 and 5.6, respectively) which was provided as a mineral premix. Live weight and Cu and Zn levels were analyzed under a completely randomized design with repeated measures. Scrotal circumference and semen quality were analyzed by analysis of variance using the general linear model. The comparison of differences between treatments was done using Tukey test. There were no differences in live weight, scrotal circumference, ejaculate volume and sperm concentration. Blood serum concentration of Cu increased (p < 0.0001) with Cu treatment. Blood serum concentration of Zn increased (p < 0.05) with Zn supplementation. The motility and viability of sperm in the ejaculate were affected by Cu and Zn supplementation treatments. Based on the above, in bucks fed with a TMR supplemented with Cu and Zn increase blood serum Cu and Zn levels and improved the percentage of sperm motility and viability from the ejaculate. [Hernández-Meléndez J, Salem AZM, Sánchez-Dávila F, Rojo R, Limas AG, López-Aguirre D, Vázquez-Armijo JF. Effect of Copper and Zinc Supplementation on Growth, Blood Serum Copper and Zinc Levels, Scrotal Circumference and Semen Quality in Growing Male Boer × Nubian Bucks. Life Sci J 2015;12(2s):108-112]. (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 17
