Human development and sustainable development are closely interconnected, yet the relative contributions of human development components to the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) remain insufficiently quantified. This study examines the empirical relationship between human development and sustainable development outcomes, with particular attention to education and innovation capacity. Using a global panel dataset covering 167 countries from 2015 to 2022, we analyse how the Human Development Index (HDI) and its core components influence overall SDG performance and selected goal-specific outcomes. Employing panel regression techniques with pooled, fixed-effects, and random-effects estimators, the results reveal a strong and robust positive association between human development and SDG achievement. Improvements in the HDI are consistently associated with higher SDG Index scores, both across and within countries over time. Disaggregated analysis shows that education-related variables, mean years of schooling and expected years of schooling exert the strongest and most immediate impact on sustainable development outcomes, while short-term variations in health indicators play a more limited role. Innovation-related outcomes are particularly sensitive to accumulated human capital, highlighting the importance of long-term investment in education for knowledge-based development. Additional convergence analysis indicates that countries with lower initial SDG performance tend to experience faster progress, suggesting meaningful catch-up potential when human development improves. Overall, the findings confirm that human development, particularly education, is a foundational driver of sustainable development and provide critical policy insights for countries seeking to strengthen sustainability outcomes and competitiveness in education- and innovation-driven sectors.
An increasing number of organisations have recognised that focusing on the well-being of their employees is a crucial factor for maintaining their competitiveness and sustainability. The sense of well-being among employees is influenced by both individual and organisational factors. One such individual factor is the extent to which an employee ruminates about work-related issues. We can distinguish between positive and negative topics and events in terms of rumination. Rumination can significantly impact our well-being because it makes it difficult to detach one's self psychologically from work. On the organisational side, workplace gossip can have a substantial effect on employees' well-being. Organisational gossip can also be categorised based on its impact: positive and negative gossip. But what kind of relationship can be observed among these three factors among Hungarian employees? Results indicate that positive workplace gossip has both a direct and an indirect effect on employee well-being through positive rumination, whereas the hypothesised mediation model for negative gossip was not supported.
In the context of European integration and acquiring the status of a country with an appropriate, internationally recognised level of IP integrity, this area and foreign experiences relating to it are extremely important and relevant for Ukraine.The main problems related to the formation of a state system of IP controlling bodies are: lack of a scientifically based vision of the content of the concept of "state IP supervision (control)"; insufficient consideration of foreign experience of institutional and legal mechanisms of control (supervision) over compliance with IP legislation; and a critical lack of a systematic approach to determining the form, features and content of the powers of IP controlling bodies.This article provides a theoretical and applied analysis of the concept and composition of control and supervisory relations in the IP sphere. A review of the existing institutional and legal mechanisms for monitoring compliance with legislation in the field of IP protection in foreign countries is carried out. The authors also formulate proposals for improving the institutional and legal framework for control and supervision activities in the IP sphere of Ukraine specifically.A definition for the concept of "state IP supervision (control)" is proposed, the necessity of distinguishing between the categories "object of state IP supervision (control)" and "object of control and supervisory IP relations" is substantiated, and the subjects of control and supervisory IP relations are differentiated. The authors also identify the blocks of acts regulating substantive and procedural control and supervisory IP relations.
This paper looks at the key role Sustainable Building Assessment Tools (SBATs) play in encouraging environmental friendliness in construction, focusing on national situations in Jordan, Türkiye, and Malaysia. As significant ecological damage from construction includes carbon emissions and resource depletion, the paper stresses the value of adjusting SBAT designs locally to fit each country's social and environmental needs. The research analyses how national green building guides address specific local challenges – such as water shortages, energy needs and growth in society and the economy – compared to generic global standards like LEED and BREEAM. This comparison is demonstrated through an Indoor Air Quality analysis in Jordan: one LEED-accredited, and the other certified by Jordan's local tool (JGBG). Using the customised SBAT maturity model, the study looks at each tool through the lens of dimensions such as regulatory embedment, how often it updates, how much it emphasises water efficiency, and the range of building types it addresses. The results classify tools into three levels based on their score (Initiation, Institutionalisation, Optimisation), which indicates that Malaysia's GBI (Green Building Index) tool is more advanced and applies to a broader range of issues (Optimisation). In contrast, Jordan and Turkey's SBATs must make essential improvements to be more compatible with other rules, need also to be updated more often, and cover more buildings (Institutionalisation). As the results imply, using and updating local SBATs is vital to supporting the sustainability transition in developing countries.
Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) has grown in importance as digital systems have become integral to daily life, increasing the need for interfaces that support a positive user experience (UX). Eye tracking has therefore become an important methodological approach in UX research, as visual information processing plays a central role in users' interactions with software. It provides detailed insight into attention patterns and user strategies during task completion, thereby enabling a more precise evaluation of how interface elements support or hinder efficient interaction. The theoretical section of this article presents the evolution and major milestones of eye-tracking technology, with a focus on its applications and evaluation possibilities within HCI (including heatmaps, scan path visualisations, and related quantitative indicators). The empirical section offers a meta-analysis of previous case studies to demonstrate the applicability of desktop-based eye tracking in assessing both general-purpose and UX-specific software. This article provides practical guidance for those intending to use desktop eye tracking, outlining the technology’s advantages and limitations to support future researchers and UX professionals.
