Any tourist experience is shaped by a series of factors that leave their mark on the destination, including elements of accessibility and visibility. If a destination benefits from additional recognition by being included on specific official cultural routes, tourist signage becomes mandatory. This article aimed to investigate the impact of tourist signage on traditional villages, focusing on Poiana Negrii, in the context of their inclusion on thematic cultural routes such as the Via Transilvanica. The survey conducted in November 2025 in the selected case-study area revealed 26 tourist signage elements, a density indicating the presence of the Via Transilvanica route in the territory, as well as references to tourist attractions that support various forms of tourism (spa tourism, ecotourism). On the other hand, the analysis of reviews on the Google Maps platform (n=3339) associated with locations within Poiana Negrii shows tourists’ interest in Țara Dornelor and, implicitly, in Poiana Negrii, which they associate with specific architectural landmarks, etc. Tourists perceive Poiana Negrii as an emblematic place of Bucovina’s ethnographic identity, where natural, architectural, gastronomic, and social heritage blend harmoniously. Nevertheless, the evaluation of tourist signage in Poiana Negrii reveals significant discrepancies in quality and positioning, highlighting a lack of visibility and maintenance, which points to the need for a clear strategy to improve tourist information and overall visitor experience.
The upper course of the Olt River traverses two major intramontane depressions in the Carpathians: the Ciuc Depression and the Brașov Depression, separated by the Tușnad Gorge. The differentiated origin of the surrounding mountainous areas is reflected in the characteristics of the relief and the substratum, which directly influence the vertical dynamics of the river channel. The analysis focuses on cross-sections at four hydrometric stations: Tomești, Sâncrăieni, Micfalău, and Feldioara. Based on the difference between water level elevation and maximum depth, the thickness of the rock layer (hp) was calculated relative to the zero datum of the hydrometric gauge. The monthly variation of this value expresses channel aggradation in the respective sections. Differences are identified with respect to the range of vertical dynamics, characteristic periods, and linear and polynomial trends.
In an era marked by rapid urbanization and environmental transformation, the application of Geographical Information System and Remote Sensing technologies plays a pivotal role in understanding and mitigating the impacts on natural ecosystems. This study aimed to use remote sensing and GIS to detect changes in surface water and wetlands in the Kumasi Metropolis over a period of 20 years (2002-2022). Landsat images were processed using the QGIS software, and the Maximum Likelihood Algorithm was used to perform supervised classification of land use land cover, while raster calculator aided in detecting wetlands by calculation for NDWI, MNDWI, and AWEI. The results showed that the majority of the landscape in the Kumasi metropolis was made up of built-up areas (79.4%), followed by agricultural lands (13.3%) and wetlands (7.3%). Over the 20-year period, built-up areas had gained 20.7% of the total landscape, while agricultural lands and wetlands had lost 16.7% and 4.0%, respectively. All water index methods recorded an increase in non-water cover and a loss of water cover over the period, with surface water decreasing by 5% and non-water land cover increasing by 5%. The study concludes that there have been changes in wetlands and surface water land use and land cover within the Kumasi Metropolis over the past 20 years, and recommends the enforcement of legislation on surface water protection in the area to protect wetlands
Understanding the environmental impact of air transport is an important objective in establishing sustainable transportation, as well as in shaping the future of aviation. In this study, we attempted to determine the greenhouse gas emissions associated with the activities of the Romanian airline TAROM in recent years. The COVID-19 pandemic placed the aviation sector in a critical situation worldwide, and the post-crisis period has also presented numerous challenges for airlines. Improving competitiveness, achieving profitable operations, and, not least, ensuring the most environmentally friendly operation possible pose significant challenges for airlines. A key question is to what extent air transport can become sustainable and what decisions and developments are necessary to achieve this goal. To answer this, it is essential to first map out aviation emissions at both the national and airline levels. The case of TAROM illustrates well that the specific emissions (emissions per passenger) can show considerable variability from year to year, depending on factors such as the types of aircraft used, the routes operated, the average load factor of flights, and the emission reduction measures implemented at the corporate level.
Street flooding has become a common feature of most coastal towns in Nigeria especially during the rainy season. Calabar has had its fair share of urban flooding since the late 60's when it assumed the status of a capital city. Indeed, the influx of population into Calabar from the rural hinterland of Akwa Ibom and Cross River States resulting in the expansion of residential areas and the multiplication of paved surfaces including roads and sidewalks, have aggravated this menace. A lot of marginal lands and swamps have been reclaimed in the process, leading to about 50 percent loss of wetlands. Looking at it from this perspective, one may be forced to conclude that human factors have been largely responsible for the Calabar flood problem. Yet without the physical element of heavy rainfall, topography and poor drainage the town would not experience a single square meter of flooded surface. This paper examines the topographical features of this estuarine town sandwiched in between two rivers, the Great Qua and Calabar Rivers and concludes that flooding in the city emanates from its topography and a geosyncline which dissects the town. Indeed, the streets are flooded by flood water outlets from this great depression. Hence, any solution to the Calabar street flooding problem must revolve around the stabilization of this great geosyncline or depression and an understanding of its tributaries. With regards to waste management, the situation in Calabar is fairer than other Nigerian towns. Yet much needs to be done in the area of funding, staff attitude to work, waste disposal habit of individuals, vehicles and equipment etc.
