Introduction: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the major non-communicable diseases and may cause blindness, renal failure, and non-traumatic limb amputations in chronic condition. Periodic clinical assessment with supportive electrophysiological tests is highly recommended for early diagnosis of peripheral neuropathy in diabetic patients. Materials and Methods: In order to compare the nerve conduction study parameters on diabetes with two different durations of the disease, the recruited diabetic patients were divided into two groups, Group I - Recently diagnosed type 2 diabetes (within 1–2 years) and Group II -chronic diabetic patients with more than 5 years of disease. Nerve conduction study was done with RMS-EMG machine and latency, duration, and amplitude parameters of sural nerve conduction recordings were measured. The significance of study parameters between groups was analyzed by using independent sample “t” test. Results: There is no statistically significant change in the latency, amplitude, and conduction velocity of the sural nerve among the aforesaid study groups.
Introduction. Efforts to improve survival in sepsis are based on a series of urgent medical interventions. The article presents the data obtained in the process of complex treatment of patients, in which sepsis was caused by complicated diabetic foot syndrome. Materials and methods. The article presents materials on the retrospective study of treatment results of 1678 patients with complicated diabetic foot syndrome. In 146 patients (8,7%) the disease was burdened with sepsis. Results. A common feature of the treatment strategy for patients in both groups was surgical intervention, the administration of antibiotic therapy (ABT) and infusion-transfusion therapy. Thanks to the developed algorithms of help it was managed to improve the results of septic patients’ treatment. Conclusions. The applied tactics of treating patients with sepsis has allowed to reduce the frequency of execution of high amputations and postoperative complications, increase the number of small amputations, which led to a reduction in mortality, shortening the length of patients’ stay in the hospital. Key words: sepsis, diabetic foot syndrome, amputation, antibiotic therapy.
Non-invasive prenatal testing (NIPT) has another name for non-invasive prenatal screening (NIPS) - this area of prenatal diagnosis is rapidly developing and using the latest technologies. New generation sequencing for detection of fetal extracellular DNA in maternal plasma or other methods for evaluating extracellular DNA is the basis of NIPT and is used in 80% of cases to detect the main aneuploidies - trisomy 13, 18, 21. This study was aimed at comparing two simplified methods for isolating fetal DNA from peripheral blood, and then comparing the results in pregnant women without complications and pregnancies with one type of complication. Results. We tested peripheral blood samples from 64 normal and 29 abnormal pregnancies fetuses. The gestational age had a mean of 21 weeks. Maternal age has a median of 29 years. From 10 mL of maternal blood, we isolated a mean of 10.3 ± 1.15 × 106 mononuclear cells. The median number of isolated fetal nucleated red blood cells, corrected for 10 mL blood, was 31.2 × 104 cells in group II 72.4 × 104 – group I after magnetic‐activated sorting and 11.7 × 104 cells in group abnormal pregnancy, 29.5 × 104 – normal after hemoglobin enrichment. There is a significant statistical difference between the numbers of total NRBC isolated by the two techniques and research groups (P < 0.001). Conclusion. Using a modified single-cell–based droplet digital PCR (sc-ddPCR) NIPT, researchers conducted a proof-of-concept study that successfully assessed the genetic information of extremely rare fetal cells in patients with uncomplicated pregnancy and women with gestational diabetes mellitus, as well as in pregnant women with type 2 diabetes complicated by hypertension.
Background and Aims: The phenomenon of the 21st century is a significant predominance of obesity in most countries. The metabolic effects of obesity (impaired glucose tolerance, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), hyperlipidemia, and hypertension) correlate more closely with abdominal obesity. Purpose is to investigate the features of nutritional status and the risk factors of the developing of T2DM in medical students. Material and Methods: 200 young medical students I-VI courses (according to WHO classification) were investigated. There were 140 Ukrainians and 60 - foreigners (Arabian). Physical examination (anthropometry), tonometry, anamnesis assessing, including data on the risks of the development of diabetes mellitus (DM) (Findrisk scale),and statistical methods were used. Results: Among the risk factors there are violations of the nutritional status, despite the students being sufficiently informed about the harmfulness of the use of fast food, alcohol consumption, insufficient physical activity (especially in Ukrainians), family history of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) (especially in foreigners) and having continuous stress were found to be the most significant. Almost most of foreign students consume alcohol and are smokers. That is a fairly high rate for medical students who are well aware of the harmfulness and consequences of alcohol abuse and smoking. Reducing the risk of developing T2DMand CVD is possible when changing modifiable risk factors, such as nutrition, physical activity,stress and deliverance of bad habits, such as smoking and drinking alcohol. Conclusions: 1. Most Ukrainian and foreign medical students have various risk factors of developing T2DM. Despite medical students being sufficiently informed about the harmfulness of consuming fast food, the risk factors were found to be one of the most significant. 3. Among risk factors of T2DMare excess weight and obesity as result of violations of the nutritional status, alcohol consumption, smoking (especially in foreign students), insufficient physical activity (especially in Ukrainian students) and family history of T2DM (especially in foreign students).
