Introduction. Aging Mexican women living with HIV (AMWLWH) experience intersecting inequities associated with gender, age, socioeconomic status, and in some cases, Indigenous origin, shaping their access to HIV care. Objective: Analyze how AMWLWH respond to these conditions of structural oppression through agency and care practices. Method. Qualitative study conducted at a public HIV clinic in Mexico City (July 2024-March 2025). Twenty-seven cisgender AMWLWH aged >= 50 participated in semi-structured, face-toface, Spanish-language interviews. Data were analyzed using reflexive thematic analysis and interpreted through an intersectional lens. Results. AMWLWH responded to structural oppression by continuing to engage in precarious work, protecting the continuity of HIV care, practicing self-and collective care, sharing situated knowledge, re-signifying aging, and imagining preferred futures centered on autonomy and dignity. Discussion and conclusion. AMWLWH actively negotiate structural constraints through self-and collective-care practices, economic strategies, and re-authoring later-life identities. Interventions and policies designed to enhance women's agency, address age-and gender-related barriers, and support community-based care are essential to improving later-life wellbeing among AMWLWH.
Introduction. Informal women caregivers of children with Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) face contextual and mental health challenges that increase the risk of stress and parental burnout (PB). In Mexico, however, support interventions targeting this population are scarce. This is the first evaluation of an online Trauma-Informed Yoga (TIY) intervention for this population. Objective. To evaluate the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary effects of TIY on stress, anxiety, depression, and PB in women caregivers of children with ADHD. Method. Awithin-subject AB design with repeated measures and one-and two-month follow-ups was implemented. Participants comprised five women, all mothers and primary caregivers of children diagnosed with ADHD treated at the outpatient clinic of a public pediatric psychiatric hospital in Mexico City, who presented with baseline psychological distress and/or PB. The intervention consisted of eight individual online TIY sessions lasting 50 minutes each. DASS-21, the Parental Burnout Assessment, and an ad hoc acceptability questionnaire were administered. Results. All five participants showed decreases with moderate to large effect sizes in most variables. A reliable clinical change (p < .05) in stress reduction was obtained for three cases. The retention rate was 100%, and the acceptability criterion was exceeded (> 70% positive responses). Discussion and conclusion. The online TIY intervention proved to be feasible, safe, and well-accepted, yielding decreases in psychological distress and PB. The core insight is that remote TIY constitutes a viable adjunct tool for reducing distress in women caregivers of children with ADHD. Future research should explore group formats, larger samples, and controlled designs.
Introduction. Chilean prisons face various issues that not only are detrimental to human rights but also public safety. The mental health of inmates appears to be one of the most pressing, invisible aspects of incarceration. Nevertheless, this topic remains largely invisible as there are no assessments of mental health on admission or instruments adapted to the prison context, preventing assessment and intervention. Objective. to analyze the psychometric properties of the 12-item Goldberg General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) in a sample of 1,022 inmates at 20 facilities across Chile. Method. we conducted a descriptive cross-sectional study and evaluated the internal structure of the GHQ-12 with both exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. We also analyzed invariance by length of incarceration to determine the reliability of the instrument. Results. our results showed the multidimensionality of the instrument, with a three-factor model. Invariance was demonstrated considering length of incarceration; and a similar factor structure to other studies was obtained: anxiety, social dysfunction, and loss of confidence. Discussion and conclusion. Chilean prisons should have higher standards of dignity and effectiveness, including measures to improve their approach to mental health. A critical step to achieving this is ensuring timely detection of cases. The GHQ-12 appears to be a brief, simple, and inexpensive instrument that could be used as a reliable screening test to identify potential cases of mental disorders for subsequent referral and clinical treatment, as well as for prevalence studies of minor mental disorders.
Introduction. The Information Reporting System on Drugs (IRSD) developed in 1987 at the National Institute of Psychiatry Ram & oacute;n de la Fuente Mu & ntilde;iz (INPRFM) is an early warning system that detects, analyzes and disseminates epidemiological information on the most relevant trends in psychoactive substances use in Mexico City, which is considered a public health problem mainly among young people. Objective. To analyze the main trends in psychoactive substances use by sex "ever use" for the period 1987-2021 with data from users collected in several institutions. Method. This study employs a repeated cross-sectional time series design. The information comes from 57,565 cases. IBM SPSS Statistics 29.0 software was used for data analysis and trends estimations. Time series at regular intervals were used to reveal the trends of the phenomenon over time. Results. Over the last 34 years, marijuana, cocaine and inhalants are the most widely consumed psychoactive substances in Mexico City, followed by amphetamines and opioids. Although men make up the largest proportion of users, there has been a gradual increase in the consumption of women, which in some periods has reached the same level as that of men. Discussion and conclusion. Consumption trends in Mexico City show some variations with respect to consumption trends at the international level, particularly in the cases of solvent inhalants and opioids.
Introduction. Despite the pressing need for robust data to guide mental health and addiction strategies in Mexico, few studies have systematically analyzed patient profiles and diagnostic patterns in specialized centers. This study addresses that gap by performing a retrospective, cross-sectional, descriptive analysis of the records of the Temazcalli Institute for Prevention and Rehabilitation. Objective. To describe the sociodemographic variables and primary diagnoses of patients treated for addictions and mental health disorders at the Temazcalli Institute between January 2021 and May 2024. Method. A retrospective, cross-sectional, descriptive study was conducted using 1,520 outpatient records and 432 first-time diagnoses, analyzed in R (v4.3). Mann-Whitney U test, Spearman correlations, and frequency analyses were applied to explore associations between age, sex, and number of diagnoses. Results: The research sample was predominantly male (64.1%), with a median age of 18 years, with 79.3% aged 30 or less. The mean number of diagnoses per patient was 2.6 (SD = 1.4) and showed a positive correlation with age (rho = .31; p < .001). The most common diagnoses included ADHD (23.8%), cannabis use disorder (16.2%), and stimulant use disorder (16.0%). Discussion and conclusion. These findings provide essential evidence to inform the design of targeted preventive interventions at Temazcalli and similar centers. The results underscore the importance of early, youth-focused strategies and integrated clinical and policy approaches to address mental health and addiction issues.
