INTRODUCTION:Child's deafness is a risk factor for the mental health of its parents. This study addresses a question whether mothers and fathers of the prelingually deaf children using cochlear implants (CI) experience a different intensity of psychopathology symptoms than parents of the hearing, typically developing children, and also if the intensity of those symptoms experienced by parents is related to how long their child is a cochlear implant user.MATERIAL AND METHODS:In this study participated 153 hearing parents of the deaf children using a single cochlear implant (111 mothers, 42 fathers), and parents of the hearing children. Mean age of deaf children was 72 months, cochlear implant use duration was between 1 and 124 months. The control group of parents has been selected taking into account their typically developing child's sex and age. The parents' mental health has been assessed with Goldberg General Health Questionnaire GHQ-28 in Polish adaptation.RESULTS:Mothers of deaf, CI using children experience significantly more symptoms of anxiety and insomnia compared to the mothers of typically developing children, while fathers of these children show the tendency for the increased level of depression symptoms compared to the fathers from the control group. In the group of deaf CI children mothers relate substantially more somatic and anxiety symptoms than fathers, whereas level of experiencing depression symptoms and problems in everyday functioning is similar in mothers and fathers. No relation between the duration of child's CI use and parents' mental health has been ascertained.CONCLUSIONS:The mental health of parents of the deaf CI using children indicates that both mothers and fathers have problems in this sphere related to their child's deafness, but not to the duration of child's CI use. Parents of deaf, CI using children may need psychological help regardless of the time their child has been using the cochlear implant.
THE AIM of the study was to evaluate the oncological results of laryngeal cancer treatment performed in the Laryngology University Ward in Zabrze in the years 1990-2000, depending on the type of partial surgery applied. MATERIALS AND METHODS Retrospective clinical material includes 209 patients in whom surgery was a primary treatment method. No distant metastases (M1) or another malignant cancer were found. In all 209 patients the squamous cell carcinoma of various degree of malignancy (G1-G3) was found. The most common operation in the analyzed group was a chordectomy - 83 surgeries (40%), next, vertical partial laryngectomies - 38 (18%), horizontal glottis surgeries - 28 (13%). In 79 patients (38%) partial laryngectomy was complemented with a nodal operation. The median of the observation period was 9 years. Local recurrence, nodal recurrence and distant metastasis are rated as treatment failure. Treatment effectiveness was evaluated with relation to overall survival, disease-free survival, cause specific survival and local control. All the above-mentioned parameters were analyzed with the updated percentages method. The level of statistical significance was assumed to be p≤0.05. RESULTS The best oncological results were observed after vertical operations. In the vertical operations group the most favourable oncological results were noted after chordectomy. 83% overall survivals, 82% disease-free survivals, 93% cause specific survivals and 96% local controls in the 5-year observation. On the other hand, the least favourable treatment results were observed after ¾ subtotal partial operation, after horizontal supraglottic operation and after reconstruction operation with CHP. Statistically significant differences in treatment results between the groups of patients after various types of partial operations were found in relation to local controls and disease-free survivals.
AIM:The objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence of the tinnitus in 7- and 12-year-old children in Poland.MATERIAL AND METHODS:In this study 118,005, 7-year-old children and 23,339, 12-year-old children and their parents were asked about the presence of tinnitus by answering a questionnaire. 7-year-old children were asked by tester if they can hear noise in their ears or head.RESULTS:The results showed that according to parents questionnaire answers tinnitus was present in group of 15,244 (12.9%) 7-year-old children and in group of 3886 (16.6%) 12-year-old children. Between 7-year-old children directly asked for tinnitus 29.3% (34,517) mentioned of having it. Group of 8060 (34.5%) 12-year-old children confirmed in questionnaire hearing tinnitus. Differences in the presence of tinnitus between 7- and 12-year-old children have proven to be statistically significant.CONCLUSIONS:Tinnitus is frequent complain among 7- and 12-year-old children. It is recommended to include to a questionnaire an inquiry about the presence of tinnitus during hearing screening tests performed recently more frequently at primary schools for early detection a diagnosis of tinnitus.
OBJECTIVE:Evaluation the outcome after extensive surgery of salivary glands tumors with simultaneous reconstruction of soft tissue and skin defect.MATERIAL:In the period 2007-2011, surgery treatments performed in 295 of major salivary glands. 31 patients underwent surgery due to malignant parotid gland tumors: 19 women (61%) and 12 men (39%). In 8 (26%) presented skin infiltration. 10 (32%) patients had facial palsy between II-IV degree (House Brackmann scale). The radiographic findings in some patients showed infiltration of the deep lobe of parotid gland, external auditory canal, infiltration of mastoid process, skull base and the subtemporal fossa.METHODS:Of the 31 patients in 13 (42%) reconstruction techniques with muscle cutaneous trapezius flap were applied in 4 (31%) patients. In group of 7 (54%) patients using a muscle flap based on the sterno-cleido-gland, in 2 (15%) patients defects were covered using the free anterior lateral thigh flap.RESULTS:In all patients, healing proceeded normally. In the operated patients, one patient did not receive radical surgery due to the infiltration of the skull base. Length of hospitalization ranged between 7-21 days. In no case was lost flap, also there was no local complications at the donor.CONCLUSIONS:The choice of treatment for malignant parotid gland tumors which are usually radioresistant is surgical resection. In patients with extensive tumors with infiltration of neighbouring organs reconstruction with use of distant flaps are recommended. It provides a good oncological and aesthetic result.
INTRODUCTION:The aim of this study was synthesized properties 1,2,4-triazole complex ion Cu (II) to determine their potential antioxidant properties, further indication of activity of antioxidant enzymes: catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and superoxide dismutase (Cu-Zn SOD) in patients with nasal polyps and the control group.MATERIAL AND METHODS:The study was conducted in a group of 30 patients with nasal polyps aged 48±13.50 (test 1 - group with a compound, test 2 - no relation), and 30 in the control group aged 48±17.90 (control 3 - group with a compound, control 4 - no relation). Blood samples were collected from the antecubital vein into tubes with anticoagulant (heparin sodium). The activity of catalase, superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase were determined in erythrocytes of patients with nasal polyps and the control group (those without inflammatory conditions.RESULTS:We found that patients with nasal polyps show a decrease in the activity of antioxidant enzymes compared to control: CAT (control 3 - 13.78±6.71 BU/gHb; test 1 - 8.52±7.96 BU/gHb), SOD (control 3 - 1377,614.93±93.44 U/gHb/100ml; test 1 - 867,270.59±49 U/gHb/100ml) and GPX (control 3 - 101.62±8.23 U/gHb; test 1 - 72.97±14.34 U/gHb). Simultaneously, we observed that increasing the activity of antioxidant enzymes compared in the groups control 4 to test 2 (in groups which do not given coordination compound Cu (II): CAT (control 4 - 13.38±7.60 BU/gHb; test 2 - 10.12±3.62 BU/gHb) SOD (control 4 - 1138.88±490.10 U/gHb/100ml; test 2 - 1283.85±439.87 U/gHb/100ml) and GPX (control 4 - 65.18±20.94 U/gHb; test 2 - 90.27±19.42 U/gHb).CONCLUSIONS:The study shows that the complex deacon-tetra (N1,3-triazole,кN2) copper (II) affects the activity of antioxidant enzymes CAT, SOD and GPX.
