El significado de los recintos de fosos prehistóricos continúa siendo un tema debatido. En el presente trabajo se analiza la problemática específica de El Casetón de la Era (Valladolid, España), donde se registra la existencia de un triple foso y una aldea calcolíticos. Una lectura del yacimiento desde diferentes ópticas descarta que los fosos formaran parte del programa urbanístico fundacional del poblado y permite proponer la hipótesis de que fueron excavados en los momentos finales de su ocupación, tal vez como dispositivo de condena y de conversión del sitio en un espacio simbólico.
El Argar (2250-1450 cal a. C.) es una de las culturas arqueológicas más destacadas de la Edad del Bronce en el sureste peninsular. La producción agrícola debió tener un papel fundamental en la subsistencia de las poblaciones argáricas, siendo los útiles de molienda los elementos que proporcionan una mayor información sobre el procesado de alimentos de origen vegetal. En el yacimiento de Peñalosa (Baños de la Encina, Jaén) se conserva un amplio conjunto de útiles macrolíticos que ofrecen evidencias directas sobre esta actividad. En este trabajo se presenta su análisis tecnológico y funcional, incluyendo el análisis de microrrestos silícicos y calcíticos. Los artefactos estudiados pertenecen a dos fases de ocupación, que abarcan un intervalo temporal de ca. 300 años (1950/1900-1750/1600 cal a. C.). Los resultados relacionan los útiles de molienda de Peñalosa con la molturación de cereales, planteando nuevas líneas de investigación sobre la preparación de alimentos.
The initial results of research carried out on a section of the Guadalimar River are presented. Four small Iberian houses on flat ground have been surveyed and excavated. The sequence of the Orientalising-Early Iberian period of the settlements and their rural character represent a novelty in the research landscape of the Upper Guadalquivir which open up new interpretations of the colonisation models of the Sierra Morena mining district, in a phase of incipient Iberisation of the territory. Based on the results obtained, we propose a review of the peripheral territory of Castulo towards Sierra Morena, prior to the founding of the oppidum of Giribaile and the territorial sanctuaries of Collado de los Jardines and Castellar.
The necropolis of Collado y Pinar de Santa Ana has been known since the late 18th century, when the first explorations were carried out at the site. The cemetery subsequently attracted renewed interest in the late 1950s, which continued until the 1990s. This is a tumular necropolis, some of whose burial groups, already subject to looting in Antiquity, are dated between the Late Bronze Age and the Early Iron Age (9th-6th centuries BC). In 2024, a new excavation and research project was initiated, which facilitated the documentation of several burial groups of notable complexity, both in terms of their structures and grave goods. In some cases, the absence of cremated remains was also evident. Of particular note among these graves is Tumulus 9, which yielded a significant assemblage of bronze items, including a distinctive terret, alongside other zoomorphic elements that possibly belonged to various parts of horse harnessing equipment. This set provides evidence of the presence of a two-animal chariot. The following study provides a contextual framework for the site and its findings, which belong to the Orientalizing sphere of southern Iberia. The study also discusses parallels between these findings from both a typological and analytical perspective. Finally, the presence in the Jumilla Plateau of what would be the most emblematic parts of a chariot (the terret and zoomorphic harness elements) is evaluated. This is an item of unquestionable prestige, whose distribution points to the periphery of the Tartessian core area of Lower Andalusia, and whose possession suggests the presence of individuals of potentially aristocratic rank with a marked Orientalizing influence.
