This paper presents an analysis of information system and data structures used by the railway infrastructure manager in the Slovak Republic, focusing on system architecture, functional integration and data flows. The study examines the transformation of the national information environment from a fragmented system landscape into an integrated platform built around the Complex Interoperable System (KIS), which integrates timetable construction through the MK module, real-time traffic management and interoperability interfaces. The research is based on qualitative analysis of technical documentation, professional literature and regulatory frameworks, including Technical Specifications for Interoperability (TSI). The results indicate that although functional consolidation has significantly improved system consistency and operational transparency, partial fragmentation of data structures and incomplete integration of legacy applications remain major limitations. The study highlights the importance of unified data models, systematic data governance and deeper system integration as necessary conditions for further modernisation. Emphasis is placed on the alignment of national information systems with European interoperability requirements, particularly TSI TAF and TSI TAP. The findings contribute to a better understanding of the role of digital platforms in infrastructure management and provide recommendations for improving reliability, efficiency and data consistency in railway information systems.
Inland waterway transport is an environmentally friendly mode of transport with high cargo capacity, but it remains underutilized in many European countries. The implementation of the Container on Barge (COB) concept allows the integration of inland waterway transport into intermodal logistics chains, increasing the efficiency of container transport while reducing environmental impacts. COB enables the movement of standardized containers along rivers with minimal transshipment, which shortens delivery times, reduces handling risks, and improves overall reliability. This paper provides a systematic analysis of COB, identifying its key economic, operational, and environmental benefits, as well as challenges for implementation in the Slovak Republic. The study examines how COB can reduce transport costs, decrease road congestion, and lower greenhouse gas emissions, contributing to more sustainable logistics solutions. In addition, COB has the potential to support regional development by creating logistics hubs, generating employment, and enhancing the competitiveness of local transport networks. In conclusion, the COB concept is presented as a promising tool for sustainable and efficient intermodal logistics, offering significant benefits for both environmental protection and economic performance while supporting the transition toward greener transport solutions in Central Europe.
This paper examines the legal framework and technical readiness for the deployment of autonomous train operation in the Slovak Republic. While the European Union has established a harmonised system of interoperability and safety supported by Technical Specifications for Interoperability (TSI), the Fourth Railway Package and the ATO over ETCS concept, national legislation in Slovakia remains largely oriented toward a traditional model of train operation with a dominant human role. The study identifies the key legal gaps that must be addressed, including the redefinition of responsibilities between drivers and automated systems, the adaptation of safety assessment procedures, and the introduction of cybersecurity requirements. The paper also analyses the current state of railway infrastructure in Slovakia, highlighting significant disparities between modernised core corridors and technologically outdated regional lines. The findings show that the successful introduction of autonomous trains will require comprehensive infrastructure upgrades, including full implementation of ETCS Level 2 or higher, the transition from GSM-R to FRMCS, and the modernisation of signalling and communication systems. The study concludes that autonomous train operation in Slovakia is feasible, but its implementation depends on coordinated legislative, technical and organisational development aligned with European standards.
In a globalized economy, effective management of international logistics chains is a key factor for maintaining competitiveness and successful trade. The present study updates the methodology for evaluating logistics chains based on the Logistics Performance Index (LPI) data developed by the World Bank, focusing on the Visegrad Four countries (Czech Republic, Poland, Slovakia and Hungary). The aim of the new methodology is to identify trends and changes in the field of modernization of transport infrastructure, efficiency of customs processes and implementation of digital technologies, including the application of Industry 4.0 solutions. In addition, the study also addresses the impact of environmental measures, such as the European Green Deal, on reducing the carbon footprint and supporting the sustainable development of supply chains. The results obtained indicate that investments in modernization technologies and digitalization of logistics services are essential for increasing efficiency and competitiveness logistics subjects in the international market. The proposed recommendations aim to strategically improve infrastructure and digital capacities, which has the potential to contribute to the sustainable development of logistics chains in a globalized economy.
This study focuses on the energy intensity of rail and road freight transport. The research compares different types of vehicles in both modes of transport with the aim of quantifying the amount of energy required to transport a specific volume of freight over a given distance. Several generations of electric and diesel locomotives were selected for measurement purposes, along with comparable road freight vehicles that are commonly used in operation. Real-world energy consumption measurements were carried out on a section of route where the rail and road routes run parallel, with the aim of determining which mode of transport is more energy-efficient in the context of freight transport, using real operational data.
