Light Controllable Smart Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerase-1 Inhibitor Delivery by Sustainable Green Materials for Regulation of Cytotoxicity

Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP) inhibitors have been applied in BRCA-mutated cancers including ovarian, breast and prostate cancers. However, drug resistance may develop by multiple mechanisms. Nanotechnology has advanced drug delivery and reduced drug resistance, but some nano carriers have toxicity, such as carbon dots. Here we report a light controllable drug delivery to cancer cells by chlorophyll forming a selfembedded complex of carbon nanoparticles including PARP inhibitor olaparib, and deer antler extract (4mix). The light and dark pretreatment were performed with regular light for 6 h and wrapping by foil as dark control respectively. We found light disrupted the compact assembly structure and enhanced the phosphatase nanozyme activity of 4-mix. For cell studies, normal lung cell MRC-5 as control, lung cancer cell A549 was used for comparative analysis. Consistent with the changes in structure, though 6 h regular light treatment reduced the cytotoxicity in lung cancer A549 cells, overall dark enhanced the efficiency of 4-mix compared with olaparib alone by more than three-fold (20% cell viability vs 65% viability). The above effect is counteracting in the normal lung cell line of MRC-5 suggesting the cancer associated controllable cytotoxicity effect. Thus, light controlled drug delivery may reduce side effects of cytotoxicity of carbon dots materials. Most importantly, we provided insights of light controlled drug response for reducing side effects of nano carriers for potent tumor spatial delivery by green sustainable materials from natural products to target PARP, an important drug target in cancer therapy.