[0001]The present application claims the benefit of and priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 60/831,235 entitled “Advanced Patient Communication System (APaCS)” and filed on Jul. 17, 2006, and is hereby, incorporated by reference.
[0002]TECHNICAL FIELD
[0003]The field of the invention relates generally to computer systems and more particularly relates to a method and system for advanced patient communication.
[0004]BACKGROUND
[0005]Characteristic of cardiothoracic surgery is the post-operative patient who is sent to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) intubated due to respiratory requirements. Approximately half of these patients are extubated within their first twenty-four post-operative hours. In most cases these patients are extubated within the first three days. There are some, however, who remain intubated for a significant length of time. When a surgeon identifies a patient who requires intubation longer than seven days, the surgeon will usually decide to perform a tracheotomy on that patient. The breathing support tube enters the trachea rather than entering the mouth for the trached patient. Communication for a intubated or trached patient is minimal due to the inability to speak resulting in the patient, hospital staff and loved ones resorting to the reading of lips, nodding of heads and squeezing of hands to communicate.
[0006]Without effective communication, the intubated or trached patient may not receive the standard of care he or she would otherwise receive had he or she been able to effectively communicate. The lack of communication also creates unnecessary levels of anxiety which the patient must endure. Nurses and hospital staff ask many questions from the patient pertaining to their prognosis and progress which may never get fully or even adequately answered. A doctor or nurse is not able to treat a symptom which they know little or nothing about. In addition, other problems arise due to the insufficient communication from the patient. Localized areas of pain are often mis-diagnosed, resulting in over-medication generally or the medication of an area which is not the source of pain. Proper and essential treatment given in an adequate and timely manner will help resolve or prevent many post-operative complications and decrease the patient's length of stay in the hospital. This begins with providing the patient a clear and precise means of communication.
[0007]Another problem exists in that currently patients are subjected to pushing a button or call light, which turns on a light in the hallway at the doorway to their room. Nurses have no way of identifying whether the patient's need is urgent or non-urgent. Additionally, the nurse is unable to prepare him/herself for the need appropriately before entering the room. Instead, the nurse must go to the patient's room, be informed of the problem or need and then leave the patient's room and retrieve whatever resources are necessary for the nurse to fulfill the patient's need or request. This is extremely time-consuming, wastes precious hospital resources, and can delay meeting patient's needs. This problem can be detrimental to the patient when the need is of an urgent matter. Unless the patient can scream loud enough to be heard from wherever help may be, the patient is subjected to wait until someone responds to a common light at the patient's doorway.
[0008]SUMMARY
[0009]A method and system for advanced patient communication are disclosed. According to one embodiment, a computer-implemented method comprises providing a patient communication device through which a patient communicates a first message from a hospital bed. The first message is received at a health care provider device. The first message is processed to identify an urgency level of the message. One or more additional messages are generated based on the first message.
[0010]The one or more additional messages are transmitted to specific health care provider devices of specific health care providers who are expected to respond to the patient.
[0011]The above and other preferred features, including various novel details of implementation and combination of elements, will now be more particularly described with reference to the accompanying drawings and pointed out in the claims. It will be understood that the particular methods and systems described herein are shown by way of illustration only and not as limitations. As will be understood by those skilled in the art, the principles and features described herein may be employed in various and numerous embodiments without departing from the scope of the teachings herein.
[0012]BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The accompanying drawings, which are included as part of the present specification, illustrate the presently preferred embodiment of the present invention and together with the general description given above and the detailed description of the preferred embodiment given below serve to explain and teach the principles of the present invention. FIG. 1 illustrates a block diagram of an exemplary system for advanced patient communications, according to one embodiment; FIG. 2 illustrates an exemplary computer architecture for use with the present system, according to one embodiment; and FIG. 3 illustrates an exemplary communications process, according to one embodiment.
[0013]DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0014]A method and system for advanced patient communication are disclosed. According to one embodiment, a computer-implemented method comprises providing a patient communication device through which a patient communicates a first message from a hospital bed. The first message may be transmitted directly to a health care provider device(s) and/or may be received at a central processing server. The first message may be processed to identify urgency level of the message and/or appropriate destination(s) for the request. The first message may also originate from a healthcare provider or a central processing server. One or more additional messages are generated based on the first message. The one or more additional messages are transmitted to devices of specific health care providers who are expected to respond to the patient and may also be transmitted back to the patient.
[0015]In the following description, for purposes of explanation, specific nomenclature is set forth to provide a thorough understanding of the various inventive concepts disclosed herein. However, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that these specific details are not required in order to practice the various inventive concepts disclosed herein.
[0016]The present invention also relates to apparatus for performing the operations herein. This apparatus may be specially constructed for the required purposes, or it may comprise a general-purpose computer selectively activated or reconfigured by a computer program stored in the computer. Such a computer program may be stored in a computer readable storage medium, such as, but is not limited to, any type of disk including USB drives, internal or external hard drives, floppy disks, optical disks, CD-ROMs, magnetic-optical disks, read-only memories, random access memories, EPROMs, EEPROMs, magnetic or optical cards, or any type of media suitable for storing electronic instructions, and each coupled to a computer system bus.
[0017]The methods presented herein are not inherently related to any particular computer or other apparatus. Various general-purpose systems may be used with programs in accordance with the teachings herein, or it may prove convenient to construct more specialized apparatus to perform the required method steps. The required structure for a variety of these systems will appear from the description below. In addition, the present invention is not described with reference to any particular programming language. It will be appreciated that a variety of programming languages may be used to implement the teachings of the invention as described herein.
[0018]FIG. 1 illustrates a block diagram of an exemplary system 100 for advanced patient communications, according to one embodiment. System 100 includes a number of patient communication devices 110 . In the context of a hospital, each patient's bed includes a patient communication device 110 that may be an electronic bedside, flat screen monitor. One embodiment can be attached to a waterproof sealed keyboard. Additional input devices may be used for patients with limited or minimal movement. These patient communication devices 110 may have a sealed push button, lever, jog dial, or a combination of these input devices. According to another embodiment, the input device is a touch pad screen.
[0019]The patient communication device 110 may also have a card reader attached to read a card carried by the staff to indicate when they have responded to a call. In this respect, a nurse or other care provider can carry a card (card with a magnetic stripe, proximity, smart card) and swipe it. This method would serve to prevent the patient from accidentally clearing the request, and reduce the interaction with the pager, which might be cumbersome and time-consuming, used more often when requests require specific feedback. Monitoring-only stations configured in this manner could be placed throughout the floor for “fast response”.
[0020]One embodiment of the patient communication device 110 allows its monitor to sit directly on a flat surface, such as a bedside table. In another embodiment, the monitor is attached to a swiveling arm extending from the wall so that it can be extended to various distances from the wall and heights from the floor, thus adapting to the patient's position.
[0021]In one embodiment, the patient communication device 110 allows electronic communication of the physical and emotional status of the patient. Words and phrases such may be selected in the display of device 110 as “I AM: HOT/COLD, THIRSTY, HUNGRY, TIRED, LIGHT-HEADED, NAUSEOUS, ANXIOUS, NERVOUS, BETTER, WORSE, DIRTY/WET, HAPPY/SAD”. Additional screens and prompts allow the patient to select words and phrases such as “I WANT: WATER/ICE, CALL LIGHT/TV, TO TURN, LEFT/RIGHT, TO LIE DOWN, A BLANKET, TO SLEEP, BATH/SHAMPOO, A BEDPAN, TO CLEAN MY MOUTH/TEETH/FACE/HANDS.” Words such as “YES/NO, EXPLAIN, CALL, NURSE, SUCTION, LOTION, GLASSES, FAMILY, INSURANCE, LIGHT, ON/OFF, WHEN?, WHY?, WHERE?, WHO?, HOW?, WHAT?” are listed for selection if the health care provider verbally questions the patient, and the patient responds through device 110 .
[0022]According to one embodiment, patient communicator device 110 also provides a grid imprinted with individual letters of the alphabet and the numbers 0-9. Universal characters and symbols may also be used to select text in lieu of keyboard input. The device 110 may also provide a screen that displays an image of the anterior body picture with the word “FRONT” underneath, and the posterior body picture with the word “BACK” underneath it. Between the two bodies are descriptive words to express physical experiences relating to any part of the human body. These include the words and phrases: “THIS PART OF MY BODY: ITCHES, ACHES, STINGS, CAN'T MOVE, CAN'T MOVE, HURTS, BURNS, CRAMPS, THROBS, IS NUMB, PAIN MEDICINE”. In addition, at the bottom, a nationally established pain scale lists: “PAIN SCALE: 012345678910” and the following words indicating a correlation with the degree of pain: “NO PAIN, SLIGHT PAIN, MODERATE PAIN, SEVERE PAIN, WORST PAIN”.
[0023]According to one embodiment, each word, phrase and symbol listed on the above mentioned screen layouts activates a computer operated voice dictation of the messages through a built-in speaker 40 when touched. The patient communication device 110 has several menu options including choice of language, pediatric variations, and voice style options such as male or female and adult or child computerized voices. The patient communication device 110 may also be used by a doctor or nurse as a chart, or to display an electronic form of the patient's chart. Additionally, the patient communication device 110 can be used by the doctor or nurse to order procedures, consults, medications, and indicate that treatments, consultations, examinations, and other procedures have been completed.
[0024]According to one embodiment, patient communication device 110 is a menu driven touch-screen device. It includes a menu that is a touch-screen keyboard for manual text entry. Patient communication device 110 may either be wireless or have a wire connection to the hospital network. Patient communication device 110 works with a variety of languages and is capable of input and output translation between them. According to one embodiment, patients check medications, schedules, and diagnosis in addition to other information about themselves directly through the patient communication device 110 . Patient communication device 110 includes the following capabilities:
[0025]a. Panic button located on patient communication device 110 , simple use but hard to accidentally trigger i. Goes directly to assigned nurse or team of nurses and communication server 120 b. Patient communication device 110 may have an integrated speaker and microphone i. Patient can send voice messages to nurse. Message automatically goes to nurse or team of nurses assigned to patient. A time stamp and bed number are automatically attached to the voice message. Voice recognition may convert voice to text and/or translate message. ii. Patient can respond to voice messages sent from nurse, doctor, and base station Speech recognition may convert voice to text and/or translate message. iii. Patient can hear voice messages sent from nurse, doctor, and base station. Voice recognition may convert voice to text and/or translate message. iv. Option to use the microphone and speaker to enable use of a patient communication device 110 as a mobile phone for patient to make and receive calls through hospital network and/or an outside cellular carrier. 1. Board may have ability to accept SIM card. c. Adjustable ring and vibration alert for message waiting d. Read self-information i. Patient can walk through menus that display select elements of their own patient_data e. Make a request (goes to assigned nurse or team of nurses and monitored by communication server 120 ) i. Automatic return address and timestamp added to request ii. Menu of requests (i.e. water, medication, blanket . . . ) 1. Option to hand enter special requests iii. Menu of urgency (i.e. ASAP, 5 min, 15 min, in next hour, today, information only—no response needed) f. Read response to request g. Read a reminder/announcement sent from nurse communication device 140 , doctor communication device 130 , or communication server 120 (no response requested) h. Read an informational request sent from nurse communication device 140 , doctor communication device 130 , or communication server 120 i. Respond to an informational request from nurse communication device 140 , doctor communication device 130 , or communication server 120 i. Automatic return address and timestamp added to response ii. Menu of typical responses iii. Option to hand enter response j. Optional capabilities i. Read/send text messages to cell phones (optional, may be fee based) ii. Games may be ported to the boards iii. May have internet capability
[0026]System 100 also includes a number of healthcare provider communication devices, including doctor communication devices 130 and nurse communication devices 140 . Doctor communication device 130 and nurse communication device 140 allow for communication with the patient communication device 110 , so that nurses and doctors may respond to requests from the patient for treatment, etc. According to one embodiment, doctor and nurse communication devices 130 , 140 take the form of interactive pagers [patient-healthcare provider paging system], a central communication workstation or PC, PDAs, tablet PCs, videophones, laptops, smart phones, mobile phones, game devices such as the PSP manufactured by Sony Electronics, multimedia devices such as iPods and iPhones manufactured by Apple Computers of Cupertino, Calif., or similar devices. Devices 130 and 140 may be fully web enabled, such that the interface is provided through a web browser. In an alternate embodiment, devices 130 and 140 execute software applications to perform the present methods.
[0027]The nurse 140 and doctor 130 communication devices have several menu options including choice of language, pediatric variations, and voice style options such as male or female and adult or child computerized voices. The nurse 140 and doctor communication devices 130 may also be used as a chart, or to display an electronic form of the patient's chart. Additionally, the nurse 140 and doctor communication devices 130 can be used by the doctor or nurse to order procedures, consults, medications, and indicate that treatments, consultations, examinations, and other procedures have been completed.
[0028]According to one embodiment, the doctor communication device 130 is a wireless device that may work through a wireless provider, the hospital network, and/or a stand alone system. It works with a variety of languages and is capable of input and output translation between them. Doctor communication device 130 includes the following capabilities:
[0029]a. doctor communication device 130 may have an integrated speaker and microphone i. Doctor can send voice messages to any patient, nurse, other doctor, or base station. Message automatically has a time stamp, doctor name and doctor ID linked to it. ii. Doctor can respond to voice messages sent from patient, nurse, other doctor, and base station. iii. Doctor can hear voice messages sent from patient, nurse, doctor, and base station iv. Option to use the microphone and speaker to enable use of doctor communication device 130 as a mobile phone for doctor to make and receive calls through hospital network and/or an outside cellular carrier. 1. Pager may have ability to accept SIM card. b. Adjustable ring and vibration alert for message waiting i. Different alert for ASAP Requests and Panic signal from patient communication device 110 c. Read nursing_staff_assignments i. Can also search by zone, sub-zone, nurse name or nurse ID d. Read patient_data for any patient i. Choice of multiple look-up fields such as patient name, patient ID, bed number, doctor ID . . . e. Change/update patient_data fields (some may be reserved) i. Choice of multiple look-up fields such as patient name, patient ID, bed number, doctor ID . . . f. Monitor patient/nurse communications g. Send a reminder/announcement to a patient i. Automatic return address and timestamp added ii. Choice of multiple look-up fields such as patient name, patient ID, bed number, doctor ID . . . iii. Can send to groups of patients (i.e. all maternity, all patients of a given doctor) iv. Menu of typical reminders and announcements 1. Option to hand enter a reminder or announcement h. Send an informational request i. Automatic return address and timestamp added to request ii. Choice of multiple look-up fields such as patient name, patient ID, bed number, doctor ID . . . iii. Can send to groups of patients (i.e. all maternity, all patients of a given doctor) iv. Menu of typical information requests 2. Each request is associated with a menu of typical responses for patient v. Option to hand enter a request i. Read response to an informational request from patient i. Menu of typical responses ii. Option to hand enter response j. Send and receive text messages to/from other nurse communication device 140 , doctor communication device 130 , communication server 120 , and cell phones. i. Options to reject messages from a “reject” list of phone numbers or only accept messages from an “accept” list. ii. Can search for addressee zone, sub-zone, nurse name, nurse ID, etc. or by phonebook of previous addressees iii. Menu of common messages 1. Option to hand enter message iv. Expected response 1. Please call 2. Return reply 3. Please page 4. Please come 5. FYI—no response needed 6. Option to hand enter expected response v. Please reply by: 1. ASAP 2. Within 5 min 3. Within 10 min 4. Within 15 min 5. Within 1 hour 6. Within 4 hours 7. Option to hand enter requested reply time k. doctor communication device 130 may have an integrated camera and/or ability to connect to a camera i. Doctor can send images to any patient, nurse, other doctor, or base station. Message automatically has a time stamp, doctor name and doctor ID linked to it. ii. Doctor can respond to images sent from patient, nurse, other doctor, and base station. iii. Doctor can view images sent from patient, nurse, doctor, and base station
[0030]According to one embodiment, the nurse communication device 140 is a wireless device that may work through a wireless provider, the hospital network, or a stand alone system. It works with a variety of languages and is capable of input and output translation between them. Nurses send information requests and reminders such as “take medications” directly to patient communication device 110 . Nurse communication device 140 includes the following capabilities:
[0031]a. nurse communication device 140 may have an integrated speaker and microphone i. Nurse can send voice messages to any patient, other nurse, doctor, or base station. Message automatically has a time stamp, nurse name and nurse ID linked to it. ii. Nurse can respond to voice messages sent from patient, other nurse, doctor, and base station. iii. Nurse can hear voice messages sent from patient, nurse, doctor, and base station iv. Option to use the microphone and speaker to enable use of nurse communication device 140 as a mobile phone for nurse to make and receive calls through hospital network and/or an outside cellular carrier. 3. Pager may have ability to accept SIM card. b. Adjustable ring and vibration alert for message waiting i. For example, different alert for ASAP Requests and Panic signal from patient communication device 110 c. Read nursing_staff_assignments i. 1-touch for self assignment ii. Can also search by zone, sub-zone, nurse name or nurse ID d. Read patient_data for any patient i. Choice of multiple look-up fields such as patient name, patient ID, bed number, doctor ID . . . e. Change/update patient_data fields (some may be reserved) i. Choice of multiple look-up fields such as patient name, patient ID, bed number, doctor ID . . . f. Read a patient request g. Respond to a patient request with action or with verbally/text response i. Responded requests are flagged to notify other care providers that the patient need is being addressed and for that highlighted signal to appear on all pagers that received that message. These requests have the return address of the responding healthcare provider and a timestamp added. ii. Automatic return address and timestamp added to request iii. Menu of 1 touch replies 4. Will do 5. Will do, but with some delay a. Menu of delay times (i.e. uncertain, 5 min, 10 min . . . ) 6. Cannot do 7. See text iv. Optional: can add personal message in reply v. Do not need electronic response to ASAP request and panic button h. Set a timed reminder for request i. Delayed requests are highlighted as on-hold to notify other care providers that a healthcare provider intends to respond to the request. These highlighted signals appear on all pagers that received that message with the return address of the responding healthcare provider and a time of reminder added. i. Send a reminder/announcement to a patient i. Automatic return address and timestamp added ii. Choice of multiple look-up fields such as patient name, patient ID, bed number, doctor ID . . . iii. Can send to groups of patients (i.e. all maternity, all patients of a given doctor) iv. Menu of typical reminders and announcements 1. Option to hand enter a reminder or announcement j. Send an informational request i. Automatic return address and timestamp added to request ii. Choice of multiple look-up fields such as patient name, patient ID, bed number, doctor ID . . . iii. Can send to groups of patients (i.e. all maternity, all patients of a given doctor) iv. Menu of typical information requests 1. Each request is associated with a menu of typical responses for patient v. Option to hand enter a request k. Read response to an informational request from patient i. Menu of typical responses ii. Option to hand enter response l. Forward the request to another nurse i. Works similar to assigning patients to another nurse, but there are no return address. m. Assign from 1 to all patients to another nurse communication device 140 i. Select assignee by zone, sub-zone, nurse name, nurse ID, or other field in nursing_staff_assignments ii. Automatically identifies forwarding nurse information (RTN) iii. Ability to include a text message to assignee 1. 1 touch list of common messages 2. Optional: can add personal message iv. Automatically notifies assignee 1. Requires response confirmation/rejection (simple 1 touch) v. Notifies forwarding nurse after confirmation/rejection n. Respond to an assignment request i. 1 touch “Yes/No” response ii. “Yes” updates fields in patient_data and nursing_staff_assignments iii. Option to hand enter comment to add to response o. Re-assign, same as “Assign” except keeps original nurse return information (RTN) and notifies both last responsible and originally assigned nurse of affirmative response from assignee. i. Select assignee by zone, sub-zone, nurse name or nurse ID ii. Saves original forwarding nurse information (RTN) iii. Ability to include a text message to assignee 1. 1 touch list of common messages 2. Optional: can add personal message iv. Automatically notifies assignee 1. Requires response confirmation/rejection (simple 1 touch) v. Notifies both re-forwarding nurse and original forwarding nurse after positive confirmation vi. Only notify re-forwarding nurse if request is rejected p. Return, for original nurse to return from 1 to all forwarded patients to self. 1-touch option for returning all forwarded patients. i. Automatically notifies assignee 1. No confirmation required ii. Updates fields in patient_data and nursing_staff_assignments q. Send and receive text messages to/from other nurse communication device 140 , doctor communication device 130 , communication server 120 , and cell phones. i. Options to reject messages from a “reject” list of phone numbers or only accept messages from an “accept” list. ii. Can search for addressee zone, sub-zone, nurse name, nurse ID, etc. or by phonebook of previous addressees iii. Menu of common messages 1. Option to hand enter message iv. Expected response 1. Please call 2. Return reply 3. Please page 4. Please come 5. FYI—no response needed 6. Option to hand enter expected response v. Please reply by: 1. ASAP 2. Within 5 min 3. Within 10 min 4. Within 15 min 5. Within 1 hour 6. Within 4 hours 7. Option to hand enter requested reply time r. Nurse communication device 130 may have an integrated camera and/or ability to connect to a camera i. Nurse can send images to any patient, nurse, other doctor, or base station. Message automatically has a time stamp, doctor name and doctor ID linked to it. ii. Nurse can respond to images sent from patient, nurse, other doctor, and base station. iii. Nurse can view images sent from patient, nurse, doctor, and base station
[0032]Communication server 120 of system 100 includes message module 121 for sending messages to patient communication devices 110 , such as e-mails, pages, SMS text messages, MMS messages, data files, etc. Communication server 120 also has a management module 122 that coordinates the exchange of messages between devices 110 , 130 , and 140 , administrator interface 150 and the treatment of patients. Management module 122 also facilitates the prioritization of patient calls. For example, in addition to addressing safety issues related to unrecognized emergent needs, to improve the delivery of in-patient healthcare, patient needs are prioritized relative to their urgency. According to the characteristic of the need, various care providers are qualified for helping the patient. Nurses may then manage their duties from a priority standpoint without having to address the many non-urgent needs that can be easily met by a hospital assistant or nursing assistant. In this respect, having a nurse respond to a call light that demonstrates a need, which a non-skilled professional can satisfy, consumes limited hospital energy and resources that should be directed elsewhere. The management module 122 provides prompts to patients, nurses, doctors, and staff to ensure that protocols are maintained for the treatment of patients. The protocols may conform to industry wide standards, or hospital and caregiver specific requirements.
[0033]Communications server 120 also includes a statistics module 123 that collects and analyzes information relating to the treatment of patients. For example, statistics module 123 analyzes data to track specific patient problems, analyzing prioritizing of patient calls, patient safety, hospital resources, patient satisfaction and timeliness of meeting requests.
[0034]Communication server 120 may be a web server that uses any one of a number of protocols and/or applications including HyperText Transfer Protocol (HTTP), File Transfer Protocol (FTP), Internet Relay Chat (IRC), etc., via a TCP/IP connection (not shown in this view) or other similar connection protocols. The operating system may be Windows®, LINUX, SUN Solaris®, Mac OS, Tiger, or other similar operating system. In one embodiment, the MMSW server 130 is a dedicated server. It uses processing logic, tools and databases and is built using a combination of technologies such as those from Apache Software (www.apache.org) such as Tomcat servers; Java based technologies such as J2EE, EJB, JBOSS, JDBC; and/or databases such as MySQL.
[0035]According to one embodiment, the communications server 120 may work through a wireless provider, the hospital network, or a stand alone system. It works with a variety of languages and provides input and output translation between them. Communication server 120 has the following capabilities:
[0036]a. communication server 120 may have an integrated speaker and microphone or may be linked into the telephone at the base station. i. Base station can send voice messages to any patient, doctor, or nurse. Message automatically has a time stamp, operator name, and operator ID linked to it. ii. Base station can respond to voice messages sent from patient, nurse, and doctor. iii. Base station can hear voice messages sent from patient, nurse, and doctor. b. Adjustable alert for message waiting i. Different alert for ASAP Requests and Panic signal from patient communication device 110 c. Set up and change menu options for all other devices d. Assign nurses i. Automatically updates nursing_staff_assignments ii. Automatically sends text message to affected nurse communication device 140 s e. Read nursing_staff_assignments i. Can search by zone, sub-zone, nurse name, nurse ID, etc. f. Enter/remove patient into/from database g. Read/change/update patient_data for any patient i. Choice of multiple look-up fields such as patient name, patient ID, bed number, doctor ID . . . h. Monitor patient/nurse communications i. Send a reminder/announcement to a patient i. Automatic return address and timestamp added iii. Choice of multiple look-up fields such as patient name, patient ID, bed number, doctor ID . . . iv. Can send to groups of patients (i.e. all maternity, all patients of a given doctor) v. Menu of typical reminders and announcements 1. Option to hand enter a reminder or announcement j. Send an informational request i. Automatic return address and timestamp added to request ii. Choice of multiple look-up fields such as patient name, patient ID, bed number, doctor ID . . . iii. Can send to groups of patients (i.e. all maternity, all patients of a given doctor) iv. Menu of typical information requests 1. Each request is associated with a menu of typical responses for patient v. Option to hand enter a request k. Read response to an informational request from patient i. Menu of typical responses ii. Option to hand enter response l. Send and receive text messages and image files (such as in jpeg or tif format) to/from nurse communication device 140 , doctor communication device 130 , and cell phones. i. Options to reject messages from a “reject” list of phone numbers or only accept messages from an “accept” list. ii. Can search for addressee zone, sub-zone, nurse name, nurse ID, etc. or by phonebook of previous addressees iii. Menu of common messages 2. Option to hand enter message vi. Expected response 1. Please call 2. Return reply 3. Please page 4. Please come 5. FYI—no response needed 6. Option to hand enter expected response vii. Please reply by: 1. ASAP 2. Within 5 min 3. Within 10 min 4. Within 15 min 5. Within 1 hour 6. Within 4 hours 7. Option to hand enter requested reply time
[0037]System 100 includes an administrator interface 150 that allows system configuration and process flow for advanced patient communications. For example, administrator interface 150 may be a touch screen PC that monitors all patients, and receives communications from a patient communication device 110 . From the administrator interface 150 , messages may be sent to nurse communication device 140 and/or doctor communication device. Through administrator interface 150 , an administrator, such as a head nurse, doctor or workflow coordinator may access information relating to patients, as well as each nurse, staff member and doctor. The information may include performance statistics for doctors, nurse, and staff, as well as treatment information for the patient.
[0038]A station display 160 allows for the display of patient related information. The display 160 may be located behind a nurse's station such that all nurses, doctors, and staff may see which beds are assigned to patients, nursing and doctor assignments, as well as treatment information if a patient codes and needs immediate attention. The display may also indicate if the patient is alone, with visitors, a doctor, a nurse, staff, or other person. The display may also indicate a status for a treatment process for a particular patient, for example, consult needed by a particular specialist, or medication to be administered by a particular nurse. A station display 160 may also be placed outside a hospital patient room and provide information specific to the particular patient.
[0039]A station display 160 allows for a wireless provider, the hospital network, or a stand alone system. It is designed to work with a variety of languages and is capable of translation between them. Display may time alternate between 2 or more languages and/or may have language adjustment capability. Station display 160 has the following assignments.
[0040]a. Displays fields from nursing_staff_assignments and patient_data b. May have multiple displays, multiple windows cycling on each display, or menu-based displays c. Displays current patient Panic signal and ASAP request data
[0041]System 100 includes a database 170 that stores a variety of patient and healthcare provider information. Patient data stored in database 170 includes for each patient:
[0042]a. Name: Patient name b. Int: Patient ID number c. Text: Primary language d. Text: Additional languages e. Time: Admit date f. Text: Diagnosis g. Name: Doctor name h. Int: Doctor ID number i. Text: Allergies j. Emergency Contact i. Name: Contact Name ii. Int: Contact Telephone number iii. Int: Contact Secondary telephone number iv. Address: Contact Address k. Array: i. Text: Medications l. Name: Nurse name m. Int: Nurse ID number n. Name: RTN nurse name (return address for use with forwarding) o. Int: RTN nurse ID number (return address for use with forwarding) p. Int: Bed number q. Text: comments/notes from Nurses and Doctors r. Array (for all communication to and from the patient) i. Text: Requests and responses
[0043]The patient data may be searched, accessed and edited in many ways as follows:
[0044]a. From communication server 120 —can search by any data field (i.e. doctor, diagnosis . . . ) i. Enter ii. Read iii. Update iv. Delete v. Automatic archive whenever data field is updated b. From nurse communication device 140 —can search by any data field (i.e. doctor, diagnosis . . . ) i. Read ii. Update (some variables such as patient ID number may be restricted from nurse update) c. From patient communication device 110 —can only access data for patient assigned to board i. Read only (some data may be restricted from view) d. From station display 160 i. Read only (some data may be restricted from view) e. From doctor communication device 130 —can search by any data field (i.e. doctor, diagnosis . . . ) i. Read ii. Update (some variables such as patient ID number may be restricted from doctor update)
[0045]Nursing staff assignments information stored in database 170 includes for each nurse:
[0046]a. Array (for each nurse on duty) i. Name: Nurse name ii. Int: Nurse ID number iii. Nurse Information: 1. Text: Nurse primary language 2. Text: Nurse additional languages 3. Text: Nurse specialties (i.e. x-ray technician) 4. Optionally more fields iv. Text: Hospital zone assigned (i.e. 3 rd floor, maternity . . . ) 1. Text: sub-zone (i.e. 3 rd floor/admissions) v. Array (for each of this nurse's patients) 1. Name: Patient name 2. Int: Patient ID number 3. Int: Patient bed number
[0047]The nurse assignment data (that may change every shift) may be searched, accessed and edited in many ways as follows:
[0048]a. Electronic display of assignments posted at communication server 120 . b. From communication server 120 —can search by any data field (i.e. nurse name, patient name . . . ) i. Enter ii. Read iii. Update iv. Delete v. Automatic archive whenever data field is updated c. From nurse communication device 140 —can search by any data field (i.e. nurse name, zone . . . ) i. Read nursing_staff_assignments for self or any other nurse 1. Simple (1 touch) to read nursing_staff_assignments for self 2. Can search by zone, sub-zone, nurse name, or nurse ID ii. Forwarding (can temporarily re-assign patients to another nurse) d. From patient communication device 110 —not used by patient communication device 110 e. From station display 160 i. Read only f. From doctor communication device 130 i. Read only
[0049]Patient request information stored in database 170 includes for each request:
[0050]a. Header: i. Name: Patient name ii. Int: Patient ID number iii. Text: Diagnosis iv. Name: Doctor name v. Int: Doctor ID number vi. Text: Allergies vii. Array: 1. Text: Medications viii. Name: Nurse name ix. Int: Nurse ID number x. Name: RTN nurse name (return address for use with forwarding) xi. Int: RTN nurse ID number (return address for use with forwarding) xii. Int: Bed number b. Request i. Text: Description of request ii. Text: Urgency of request c. Response i. Flag: Pending ii. Flag: In a nurses' queue (reminder set up) 1. Name: Nurse name 2. Int: Nurse ID number 3. Time: Time of reminder iii. Flag: Responded to 1. Name: Nurse name 2. Int: Nurse ID number 3. Time: Time of response
[0051]The patient request data may be searched, accessed and edited in many ways as follows:
[0052]a. From communication server 120 —can search by any data field (i.e. nurse name, patient name . . . ) i. Read ii. Update iii. Delete iv. Automatic archive whenever data field is updated or entry is deleted b. From nurse communication device 140 —default display requests to nurse, but can also search by any data field (i.e. nurse name, zone . . . ) i. Read ii. Set a reminder for later iii. Forward to another nurse iv. Highlight as in-progress v. Delete vi. Automatic archive whenever data field is updated or entry is deleted c. From patient communication device 110 —not used by patient communication device 110 d. From station display 160 i. Read only e. From doctor communication device 130 —expect to usually be read, not modified i. Set a reminder for later ii. Forward to a different nurse iii. Highlight as in-progress iv. Delete v. Automatic archive whenever data field is updated or entry is deleted
[0053]One or more of communication devices 110 , 130 , 140 , administration interface 150 , communication server 120 and station display 160 may allow network access via a web browser such as MICROSOFT'S INTERNET EXPLORER, NETSCAPE BROWSER, MOZILLA, FIREFOX, or the SAFARI browsers that support HTML and JavaScript.
[0054]Communication devices 110 , 130 , 140 , administration interface 150 , communication server 120 and station display 160 are interconnected by secure network 101 . According to one embodiment, network 101 is described as being the Internet, alternatively, the network 101 may be a Wide Area Network (WAN), a Local Area Network (LAN), or any other system of interconnections enabling two or more devices to exchange information. Further, the network 101 may include a wireless network, such that one or more of devices 110 , 130 , 140 , administration interface 150 , communication server 120 and station display 160 may be wireless devices.
[0055]System 100 may also include other supporting computing software and hardware, for example, additional website servers, databases, computers, and user interface servers.
[0056]FIG. 2 illustrates an exemplary computer architecture for use with the present system, according to one embodiment. Computer architecture 200 can be used to implement a devices 110 , 130 , 140 , administration interface 150 , and communication server 120 of FIG. 1 . One embodiment of architecture 200 comprises a system bus 220 for communicating information, and a processor 210 coupled to bus 220 for processing information. Architecture 200 further comprises a random access memory (RAM) or other dynamic storage device 225 (referred to herein as main memory), coupled to bus 220 for storing information and instructions to be executed by processor 210 . Main memory 225 also may be used for storing temporary variables or other intermediate information during execution of instructions by processor 210 . Architecture 200 also may include a read only memory (ROM) and/or other static storage device 226 coupled to bus 220 for storing static information and instructions used by processor 210 .
[0057]A data storage device 227 such as a magnetic disk or optical disc and its corresponding drive may also be coupled to computer system 200 for storing information and instructions. Architecture 200 can also be coupled to a second I/O bus 250 via an I/O interface 230 . A plurality of I/O devices may be coupled to I/O bus 250 , including a display device 243 , an input device (e.g., an alphanumeric input device 242 and/or a cursor control device 241 ). For example, web pages rendered by MMSW server 130 and related information may be presented to the user on the display device 243 .
[0058]The communication device 240 allows for access to other computers (servers or clients) via a network. The communication device 240 may comprise a modem, a network interface card, a wireless network interface or other well known interface device, such as those used for coupling to Ethernet, token ring, or other types of networks.
[0059]FIG. 3 illustrates an exemplary communications process 300 , according to one embodiment. System 100 directs the patient through the use of the patient communication device 110 that provides menus of the patients' needs and requests according to their sense of urgency. ( 310 ) In this same respect, the patient's needs—as they are selected or typed out—are messaged to the patient's healthcare providers on their doctor's communication device 130 and/or nurse communication device 140 and a central communication server 120 . ( 320 ) One embodiment allows the patient's primary nurse to be able to receive all messages from his/her patient(s). Furthermore, those specific needs, which are appropriate for a non-licensed healthcare professional, such as a hospital assistant or nurse assistant, are messaged accordingly.
[0060]The time of the message in addition to the patient's personal information identifies each patient request/communication. ( 330 ) As each request is made, the patient's literal request or need is messaged in a time-sequenced manner to the doctor's communication device 130 and/or nurse communication device 140 and organized/prioritized by urgency and time of request. ( 340 )
[0061]One embodiment allows for either one-way or two-way text or voice communication between the patient care staff or the patient care staff and the patient. According to one embodiment, a voice communication system uses a speech recognition system which deciphers verbal messages and submits them either in voice or text. In such a way, the doctor's communication device 130 and/or nurse communication device 140 provides text of voice input or actually transmit the voice into an audible speaker. The patient communication device 110 may also allow the patient to hear the patient care staff speaking to them. This would best serve patients who cannot read and can only use their voice to communicate or for patients for whom speaking and hearing is the most convenient method of communicating.
[0062]When using system 100 , each operator is able to delete a patient request when that request has been addressed and save the message for later retrieval. ( 350 ) One embodiment allows the operator to program all saved messages for timed reminders at the time the message is saved. Additionally, one embodiment of the system 100 allows multiple communication devices to interact with one another so that a healthcare team involving nurses and their assistants may be able to request assistance from one another if warranted by the situation.
[0063]After messaging all required care givers, the present system tracks any treatments, evaluations, and consultations, to ensure that protocols associated with patient's request are followed. ( 360 ) The system 100 generates additional messages, stores data in the database 170 and tracks the progress of the healthcare providers until the patient's request is complete.
[0064]System 100 facilitates the identification of a patient need being addressed. Since multiple people may receive the same patient request on their communication device, the care provider assisting with that specific need may highlight the message with a function key on the communication device 110 , 130 , or 140 to notify other care providers that the patient's need is being addressed and for that highlighted signal to appear on all devices 130 , 140 that received that message. This eliminates two or more people going to the same patient at the same time for the same need. It also allows all those who have been contacted to see which patient needs/requests remain unaddressed. In this respect, system 100 provides an efficient way for communication between patients and their care providers and amongst the care providers themselves.
[0065]In addition to patient messages appearing in text on communication devices 130 and 140 , there is a central communication server 120 where all patient requests appear in chronological order in addition to level of urgency, displaying in full detail the patient's request, patient's key information, time request was made, responding nurse and time of response. All past requests can be achieved and searchable by patient number, bed number, nurse number, etc. These records can be used as cost and performance metrics for patients, nurses, section of the hospital, or for the entire hospital. The central communication server 120 controls all beside monitors for a particular unit and would also serve as the primary language center. From this station, the language of the patient communication device 110 can be chosen, changed, or altered. In addition, it can provide direct translation services. In the event the patient reads only Japanese and the nurse reads only English, the communication server 120 allows automatic translation between the patient communication device 110 and the nurse's desk or communication device 140 , and also vice versa, allowing effective two way communication without the need of a translator. The communication server 120 also allows for voice communication between communication devices to be translated from one languages to another when conversing between two languages.
[0066]The present method and system allows data for each patient to be entered prior to the patient's use of the patient communication device 110 . The data may be entered using a keyboard, which connects to the system by wireless communication and/or by a wire connection. The present system may allow this data to be entered into the central communication system using an interactive touch screen and/or keyboard. Hospital staff are able to select the type of care administered to the patient (i.e. Triage/ER/EMS, ICU/Recovery Room, General Med/Surg, Long-term Care/Hospice), the language spoken by the patient, the language spoken by the healthcare provider, the patient's name and general demographics (age, gender, etc.). The present system presents menus then made available to the patient to vary according to these selections. For example, “ICU” could bring up a list of urgent needs associated with being unable to breathe, needing suctioning, having pain. In addition, this menu would provide dialog which would enable the expression of specific needs that are necessary for treatment that one would be unable to express without using their voice—as these patients are most often intubated and unable to speak. The communication deficit with these patients most often involves their inability to speak, whereas stable patients on a hospital ward are separated from their healthcare provider and their deficit lies in the inability of the healthcare provider to differentiate their needs from urgent and non-urgent prior to arriving to their room. Likewise, the preprogrammed text for acute (non-ICU) care would represent the communication needs for that patient population. This variation is consistent for each level of care the program supports. Again, the present method and system supports at least one level of care, possibly including more, four of which may be delineated as: Triage/ER/EMS, ICU/Recovery Room, General Med/Surg, Long-term Care/Hospice.
[0067]The present method and system, according to one embodiment allows for verification of communications. All communications are automatically verified by the receiving device. Unverified messages are automatically resent after a programmable timeout period. Backup measures including sending a message to the system administrator and/or a secondary recipient are implemented after a programmable number of failed re-tries.
[0068]A method and system for advanced patient communication have been described. It is understood that the embodiments described herein are for the purpose of elucidation and should not be considered limiting the subject matter of the present patent. Various modifications, uses, substitutions, combinations, improvements, methods of productions without departing from the scope or spirit of the present invention would be evident to a person skilled in the art.
