The influence of modifying horophilic and refractory elements injected at the main smelting stages into structural steels on their structural mechanical properties has been analyzed. The solid crust building-up rate in castings that makes it possible to evaluate the thermal characteristics of steel hardening has been experimentally determined. It has been found that increase of the amount of solid additives into molten steel before melting results in a significant increase of the thickness of the hardened layer during the same period of time. The microstructure of the 09G2S and St3 steels after modifying the melt with a solid additive, with titanium nitride and a joint modifying with calcium and titanium nitride has been studied. As a result of the combined effect of the modifiers of the first and second kind the cast steel macrostructure improves. The mechanical tests of the 09G2S steel and St3 deformed steel specimens, modified by calcium and titanium nitride, after the ingots were forged and rolled with subsequent normalization showed that the strength increased by 15÷25%, the elongation increased by 10÷25%, while impact strength increased by 0,5 MJ/m 2 at room temperature. The results can be applied to improve and manage the process of structuring during steel smelting and casting, as well as to improve their quality

This paper presents a method for calculating the basic parameters of the gas jet (average temperature and power) at a certain distance from the nozzle exit in the technology implementation of blowing molten slag on the refractory lining of the converter. The mathematical model has been worked out and the fl ow parameters of the supersonic noncalculated jet, considering joining in the working volume of 350-t converter not only gas but also slag particles, have been calculated. Average weight values of temperature and velocity over the length of the gas jet have been obtained. The effect of the added slag mass on the added mass of gas, the temperature of the gas jet and its rate subject to the changes in the fl ow of nitrogen through the nozzle and the relative temperature in the working space of the converter has been established. The analysis of the results of numerical calculations has showed that the slag ejection changes signifi cantly the picture of the interaction of ternary supersonic noncalculated jet with the melt, at the same time even a slight attachment of slag to the gas fl ow promotes noticeable decrease of the propagation velocity of the jet.

Some specialties of rail steel melting technology in oxygen converter are represented. Research and technology analysis of high-phosphorous iron reduction in converter rail steel in 350 tons oxygen converters with top blowing are given. Creation of conditions that conduct removing of phosphorous part by the beginning of intensive carbon acescence is given. Few variants of slag adjustment impact on steel phosphor removal are represented.

Various kinds of tuyere sinking into liquid have been developed and tested on a converter simulating model, velocity of gas jet penetration into liquid has been defined, the gas jet behavior in liquid homogenious medium has been researched. Experiments have been made on a simulating model of a 250-ton oxygen converter, made in the ratio 1:25 scale. Water is a metalsimulating liquid. Technically pure oxygen is blown. A one-nozzle tuyere has been used in the experiment, a gas jet going out of it interacting with motionless liquid. The blowing conditions having been specified, the behavior of the gas jet was observed, the crater shape was drawn, the penetration depth was defined. Penetrating into the liquid to a maximum depth the gas jet gets reflected and moves in the opposite direction making the liquid within the boundary layer at the interface move after it. Under such circumstances, gas jet and liquid heat and mass transfer takes place at the interphase surface. The research can be used to determine the dependence of liquid cast iron interphase surface with the oxygen jet in a converter on such parameters as the tuyere height above the liquid iron surface and on the oxygen volume speed at blowing. It was stated that changing position of the tuyere ensures uniform distribution of oxygen in the liquid; the gas jet and liquid interaction makes it possible to give better idea of the mass transfer.

Using a static model of two-speed motion of the gas suspension in gunning-lance it is shown how the powder concentration, carrier gas pressure,particle number density, equivalent diameter, shape factor, differential velocity, and dynamic phase slip have an effect on the aerodynamic drag coefficient, interfacial interacting force, inclusion volume fraction of gas phase, and velocity of soaring.

At the end of the 20th century, the world economy faced the problem of the drastic reduction of natural resources, business representatives could not help being worried with the fact. On the other hand environmental pollution not only created problems for people living in industrial areas, but also resulted in global climate change, the world community could not being disturbed with it. The documents on sustainable development noted that the production modernization and the introduction of new clean technologies on the one hand, can significantly improve the quality and reduce the costs of production, and on the other hand, reduce the waste polluting the environment. Reducing the specific consumption of raw materials and energy for production, it is possible to conserve natural resources, reduce emissions and discharges of harmful substances into the environment and to reduce the accumulation of solid waste in dumps. The money saved on resources can be directed to the establishment of protected objects, for even the most sophisticated, non-waste technology can’t do without them nowadays. Steel production is one of the most important indicators of sustainable development of metallurgical industry. Over the past 40 years, all leading steel companies in the world are engaged in reconstruction of steel production. At the metallurgical enterprises of Ukraine such a largescale reconstruction has not started yet.

The analysis of bibliographic data about the influence of arsenic on corrosion resistance of low-carbon low-alloyed steels has been carried out. The authors have revealed the reasons and proposed the mechanism which explains the influence of arsenic on oxidation resistance of steels, their stability against the oxidization in the conditions of atmospheric corrosion and in sea water.

A method is proposed for calculating the basic parameters of a gas jet (its mean mass temperature and power) at a certain distance from the nozzle when slag melt is sprayed onto the converter’s refractory lining. On the basis of a mathematical model, the flow parameters of a complex supersonic jet are calculated, in conditions where not only gas but slag particles are injected into the working volume of a 350-t converter. The mean mass temperature and velocity are determined over the length of the gas jet. The influence of the added slag mass on the mass of added gas and on the gas jet’s temperature and speed is established, with variation in the nitrogen flow rate through the nozzle and the relative temperature in the converter’s working volume. Analysis of numerical results shows that slag injection significantly changes the interaction between the supersonic jet and the melt. Adding even small quantities of slag markedly slows the jet.

Guniting and residual slag spraying in an oxygen converter, gascooled tuyeres of several patterns have been offered. The calculations to reduce oxygen consumption required for lancing, as well as to simplify the tuyere design have been made. Systems of differential and integral equations have been used to calculate such factors and physical actions as powder concentration, duct length and power influence, suspension of matter in gas velocity relation over the area of high temperatures. Experiments have shown that substitution of the gas-cooled tuyere for the water-cooled tuyere converts the tuyere into a heat exchanger making it possible to use the energy formerly lost as a result of dissipative losses. The results of this work can be used to improve existing and new advanced technologies that reduce emissions into the environment.

Literature data regarding the influence of arsenic on the corrosion resistance of low-carbon low-alloy steel are analyzed. A mechanism explaining this influence in air and in sea water is proposed.

In the article the analysis of dependence of surface-tension of iron- sulphur fusions is executed from the concentration of sulphur. Data of superficial properties of fusions of Fe-S, and also influence of sulphur, are investigational and presented on superficial properties of metallurgical fusion

The position of a blast tube for supply of gas-powdered mixture and oxygen in the lance with different levels of the outflow. Using such constructive solution gas suspension is heated from the wall of the lance’s body by means of convective heat flow, delivered by the wall to the carrier gas. there is no danger in its heat-up through the separating wall of the line because the temperature tw of the wall of the lance’s body, but increasing of the temperature O 2 is recommended. In order not to let the line of the oxygen blast tube in the moment of the 90° turn of the gas-powdered flow wear out. The results of numerical calculations of the equilibrium two-phase flow in the gunite lance with the extraction of the gunite mass at different levels along its length are shown that with such a constructive solution pressure, velocity and density change in leaps and bounds. Also shown that if the body becomes heat exchanger, the energy potential of the gas-dispersed flow significantly changes. It is recommended to perform the pipe of the lance stepped in order to reduce the loss of the compressed gas suspension flow

Харлашин, П. С. Моделирование тепловой работы футеровки 160 т кислородного конвертера c учетом гарнисажа / П. С. Харлашин, Ассиил Мохаммед Кадхим // Вісник Приазовського державного технічного університету : зб. наукових праць / ПДТУ. – Маріуполь, 2014. – Вип. 28. – С. 48-54. – (Серія : Технічні науки).