在整理上海空港口岸进境主要鲜切花品种及其来源国(地区)的基础上,依据有害生物风险分析国家标准,分析上海空港口岸进境切花主要品种百合、大花蕙兰、石竹花、马蹄莲、绣球可能携带有害生物种类,完成了不同鲜切花品种风险分析,为上海空港口岸进境鲜切花检疫提供理论支持.

Series vacuum fumigation experiments were done by methyl bromide on pine(Pinus thunbergii)logs which contain the larvas of pine sawyers(Monochamus alternatus Hope) with XMG-35 fumigation chambers in different air pressure and dose of methyl bromide under condition of 11~21℃ and 4 hour exposure.After first 20 minutes vacuum fumigation,raise the air pressure to 95kPa in 1 minute.The results indicate that the mortality of pine sawyers depends on air pressure,temperature,and dose of methyl bromide.The lower air pressure,the better effect of fumigation in the same other conditions.If 30kPa air pressure is kept 20 minutes and then the air pressure is rasied to 95kPa slowly in 2 hours,the mortality of pine sawyer larvas is between that in normal air pressure fumigation and quick air pressure raising vacuum fumigation.

5 ppm(20mg/m3)of methyl bromide residue concentration has widely been accepted as a safety exposure threshold limit internationally.Research on the degassing velocity of the container fumigation with methy1 bromide was conducted and with the results as follows:the concentration of the methy1 bromide residue in the container after degassing is very strictly depended on the degassing duration,absorbability and the loading volume of the cargo,but is not obviously interrelated to the air temperature,weather conditions or the size of the container.After 8 hours of degassing in natural condition and 3 weeks of ocean navigation,the residue concentration of MB in containers can mostly decrease to the acceptable level,but for cargo which have strong absorbability or of which wrapping plastic packing or those overloading containers,the duration of passive degassing should be prolonged or applying strong mechanical ventilation to achieve ideal effect.

我国加入WTO和"大通关"战略的实施对动植物检疫除害处理工作提出了更高的要求.近年来,上海口岸动植物检疫除害处理业务量快速增长,2003年共完成进口货物动植物检疫处理84294批,较2002年同比增长46.50%,特别是出口木质包装的检疫除害处理从1998年的几百批发展到2003年的3万多批;同时进出口蔬菜、水果、花卉和种苗等的除害处理也面临着挑战.为研究和探索新的动植物检疫除害处理技术和监管模式,确保检疫除害处理安全有效且对贸易的影响降到最低,我局开展了有效的工作.

XMG-35熏蒸库具有常压熏蒸、熏蒸气体重复利用等功能.熏蒸库有良好的密封效果,20Kpa的压力下,24th后压力增加5%~15%.泵系统功能强大,5min可减压30%,35min可减压75%,并可以使至少70%的熏蒸剂得到重复利用.在减压熏蒸过程中,可控制库内温度,循环系统可保持熏蒸库内熏蒸剂均匀分布,并具有独特的装置,能用普通的热导式卤素分析仪准确地检测熏蒸库内熏蒸剂的浓度.

出入境货物的熏蒸监管,是目前口岸检验检疫工作一项重要任务.自美国、加拿大对我出口货物的木包装实施新的检疫措施以来,吴淞口岸出境货物木包装的熏蒸业务量急剧上升,对其监督管理也就成为我们工作的重点.