This experiment was aimed to study the effect of quinestrol on the expression of PCNA and Caspase-3in spermatogenic cells of juvenile mice.4-week old male mice were randomly divided into four groups.Mice in the control group were injected intraperitoneally with olive oil alone and mice in the experiment groups were injected intraperitoneally with octylphenol resolved in olive oil at 1,10,100mg/kg doses respectively for 1week(once a day).The testes were immediately removed for weighing and serial cross-sections that were used for histological examination when the mice were 8-week-old.The expressions of PCNA and Caspase-3in spermatogenic cells were determined by immunohistochemical method.The results showed that the thickness of the convoluted seminiferous tubule decreased,cellular deranged,cell layers decreased and intercellular space increased.Meanwhile,there were a large number of abnormal shedding of spermatocytes and round spermatids,but few elongated spermatids and spermatozoa.The expression of PCNA extremely significantly decreased and the expression of Caspase-3extremely significantly increased as quinestrol dose increased(P0.01).Quinestrol caused male reproductive function injury through inhibiting proliferation and promoting apoptosis in spermatogenic cells by regulating the expression of associated proteins.

To explore the effects of octylphenol as synthetic estrogen on the morphology of epididymis,seminal vesicle and prostate in adult mice,25 adult male mice were divided randomly into 5 groups,5 mice/group.Mice in the control group were injected intraperitoneally with olive oil alone,mice in the experiment groups were injected intraperitoneally with octylphenol resolved in olive oil at 0.1,1,10,100 mg/kg doses for 1 week,respectively.After the last treatment,the weights of epididymis,seminal vesicle and prostate were weighed,meanwhile,the morphological changes in epididymis,seminal vesicle and prostate of adult mice were observed under microscope.These results showed: epididymis,seminal vesicle and prostate occurred atrophy and the weights of which decreased,meanwhile,a lot of atrophic epididymis,seminal vesicle and prostate epithelial cells were observed.Almost few mature sperm were found in most of epididymal tubular lumens;the secretion in seminal vesicle and prostate lumens decreased significantly.In conclusion,this study showed that octylphenol induced the abmormal developments and pathological lesions in epididymis,seminal vesicle and prostate of mice.

A low loss and wide bandwidth Mach-Zehnder modulator is designed which is based on the polymer material.The mode characteristic is analyzed and the ridge waveguide is designed.Optical field distribution is simulated by the software of Beam Propagation Method(BPM).During the analysis,parameters of the ridge waveguide are optimized,including the width W_K.the rib height b,and the total core height H.Aiming at a smaller conductor loss and better impedance match,the structure parameters of electrode are also optimized.Combining with the parameters of the ridge waveguide and the electrode, velocities match between lightwave and microwave can be achieved,an ultra-broadband of 177 GHz and low conductor loss of 0.256 9 dB/cm ? GHz~(1 2) are well designed.

Vibration sensors play an important role in many fields,such as engineering structural safety monitoring,pipeline maintenance and earthquake monitoring.It always spends many human and material resources as well as much time.The distributed optical fiber vibration sensor is superior to the traditional vibration sensor in many aspects.In recent years,it becomes a research hotspot in the field of fiber optical sensors.The distributed optical fiber vibration sensor has a good prospect.This paper introduces some related technologies of the distributed optical fiber vibration sensors.Development tendency and application fields are also predicted.

Based on Wheeler's transformation of multilayer microstrip line, velocity and impedance matching have been analyzed for polymer electro-optic (EO) modulator. Due to the advantages of polymer materials, velocity-matching and impedance-matching can be simultaneously achieved by optimized design for multilayer microstrip electrode. A modified modulator structure has been introduced with a compensation layer placed on the electrode to adjust the microwave index and characteristic impedance. The optimal thicknesses of electrode and compensation layer, and optimal width of electrode can make the EO modulator achieve both velocity matching and impedance matching. (C) 2011 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE). [DOI: 10.1117/1.3559212]

Communication software design between Siemens S7-200/300 series PLC and host computer are introduced. The PRODAVE package DLL are used to establish Profibus-DP and Ethernet communication. The function of host computer read-write operation on PLC is implemented. The interface development is under MFC environment.

The path asymmetrical and refractive index asymmetrical design for optical waveguide methods have been introduced which can make the Mach-Zehnder modulator to achieve optical bias.The simulation studies of the two kinds of optical bias methods are based on finite difference-beam propagation method(FD-BPM).The results show that both the two methods can make the Mach-Zehnder modulators to be biased at half-power point in the most linear region.The initial phase difference of the two arms can reach around π/2,and the extinction ratios are 26 dB and 23 dB respectively.

A method which combines HFSS software with designer high frequency circuit to co-simulate a electro-optical polymer modulator with a in-plane coplanar waveguide electrode is proposed in this paper.A bandwidth of 56 GHz electro-optic polymer modulator is designed.First,the effective refractive index of light and microwave is optimized to meet the velocity matching.Then,the microwave characteristics of the electrode system are analyzed by co-simulation method to meet the impendent matching and lower microwave propagating loss.The results show that the co-simulation method can improve computational efficiency.And it is contributive to optimize a variety structure of traveling-wave electrode.

An extended Wheeler's conforming mapping method is proposed to analyze the characteristic parameters of the multilayer based on the simple Wheeler's transformation. The explicit expression between the microwave characteristic parameter and the each layer parameter is obtained. Compared with the results obtained by the quasi-static finite element method (QS-FEM), our results show that the present approach can not only accurately evaluate the characteristic parameters of the multilayer but also have a great computational efficiency. Based on this method, a modified structure of the typical electro-optic modulator is given. The velocity matching and the impedance matching can be achieved simultaneously by adding a compensation layer.

In the condition of velocity matching and impedance matching, Mach–Zehnder modulator can obtain large bandwidth and low driving voltage. Based on Wheeler’s transformation of multilayer microstrip line, effective permittivity of microwave has been analyzed. Both the microwave index and characteristic impedance are affected by the thickness and the width of microstrip electrode. In order to achieve velocity matching and impedance matching simultaneously, a compensation layer is placed on the electrode. The optimal thicknesses of the electrode and the compensation layer as well as the width of electrode have been obtained. Based on single-mode condition, an asymmetric Mach–Zehnder modulator (AMZM) has been designed and simulated by effective index method and finite-difference beam propagation method (FD-BPM). The initial phase difference between the two arms of the modulator has been achieved 0.522 π in the linear region. Comparing with the typical MZM, AMZM can get a larger value of f 3 dB , increased by 67.32%.