Results of measuring the average daily absorbed dose in the ISS modules with the Pille dosimeters since November of 2003 to this day were analyzed. Absorbed dose dynamics was compared to dynamics of main space-physics indices and mean orbit altitude. The decreasing effect of additional protection of the right-board crew-quarters was shown. Comparison of absorbed dose rates in the RSA and NASA crew quarters point to the necessity to enhance protection of the Russian quarters.

Preliminary results of processing data from the TRITEL dosimetric equipment, which consists of one interface unit and three units of mutually orthogonal telescopes of silicon detectors operating in the coincidence mode (with the possibility of obtaining data also from a single mode of operation), are presented. The TRITEL dosimeter was designed to study the temporal dynamics of dose loads and the anisotropy of charged particle fluxes at various points of the Service Module (SM) of the Russian segment of the International Space Station (RS ISS ) with the additional possibility of measurements in other modules of the RS ISS . As part of the Matryoshka-R space experiment (SE) on the RS ISS the TRITEL dosimeter was in operation from mid-October 2017 to mid-October 2020. The article presents a description of the methodology for processing dosimetric data of the TRITEL equipment and preliminary results of processing data obtained in the period from June to October 2020.

The paper reports the results of measuring absorbed doses and quality factor of ionizing space radiation in the ISS Service module in June-October of 2020 with the use of dosimeter Tritel as part of space experiment Matreshka-R. Mean dose rate over the period amounted to 0.38 ± 0.03 mGy/d. Experimental data on the dose rate dynamics allow to set aside contributions of Earth's radiation belts and galactic cosmic radiation in the total daily dose. The daily average quality factors made up 3.05 ± 0.16 for total dose, 1.6 ± 0.1 for Earth's radiation belts and 5.1 ± 0.3 for galactic space radiation.

This paper describes the use of an electronic 3D model of a spacecraft with four crewmembers modeled by anthropomorphic phantoms sitting in chairs to calculate doses of space radiation in representative points of the critical organs of a crewmember’s body. At the same time, the shielding functions for the selected representative points of the skin, haematopoietic system, and central nervous system are obtained by the ray-tracing method. In order to describe the characteristics of ionizing space rays, the depth-dose curves for galactic cosmic rays and terrestrial radiation belts in a near-Earth orbit with an altitude of 450 km and inclination of 51.6° are used. The calculation showed that the requirements for radiation safety of the crew for the selected model of the spacecraft and the specified orbit during a minimum and maximum of solar activity are met. Electronic 3D models make it possible to perform the necessary evaluation of dose rates at the design stage taking into account the spacecraft configuration optimization under the existing constraints on the total mass.

The DB-8 dosimeters of the standard radiation monitoring system (RMS) were in operation almost continuously from August 2001 to December 2014 in the Service module of the ISS. The data obtained with its help were used for daily operational assessment of the radiation situation on board the station. In this work we analyze the results of separation of the contribution to the daily dose of galactic cosmic rays and from the Earth’s inner radiation belt using dosimetric data obtained as a result of the station’s passage in areas of the highest geomagnetic latitudes. The article presents the results of analysis of dosimetric data using this method for the period 2001–2014, as well as a comparison with similar results obtained by the authors earlier using the technique based on an analysis of dosimetric data obtained during station passages in the area of the South Atlantic Anomaly. This article extends the results of our previous works to the entire time range of functioning of DB-8 dosimeters as a part of the RMS of the ISS.

The DB-8 detectors of the ISS radiation monitoring system (RMS) have operated almost continuously onboard the ISS service module since August 2001 till December 2014. The RMS data obtained were used for the daily monitoring of the radiation environment aboard the station. This paper considers the technique of RMS data analysis that allows one to distinguish the contributions of galactic cosmic rays and the Earth’s inner radiation belt to the daily dose based on the dosimetry data obtained as a result of the station’s passage in areas of the highest geomagnetic latitudes. The paper presents the results of an analysis of the dosimetry data based on this technique for 2005–2011, as well as a comparison with similar results the authors obtained previously using the technique based on an analysis of the dosimetry data obtained during station passages in the area of the South Atlantic Anomaly.

Many papers are devoted to the prediction of radiation conditions on board of a spacecraft (Pichkhadze et al., 2004; Khamidullina et al., 2008; 2012), and a number of software systems for corresponding calculations have been developed: the US information system CREME96 (https://creme.isde.vander-bilt.edu/); European SPENVIS (http://www.spenvis.oma.be/intro.php); Russian SEREIS (Kuznetsov et al., 2001; Model’ kosmosa, 2007) and COSRAD (http://cosrad.sinp.msu.ru/manual.html; Kuznetsov et al., 2011) based on the models of the radiation environment in near-Earth space (Bashkirov et al., 1998; Nymmik, 2004; Model’ kosmosa, 2007; Kuznetsov et al., 2011). In this paper we propose a simple calculation algorithm of short-term (for a few days) forecasting of dynamics of the radiation dose on the International Space Station (ISS) in radiation environment undisturbed by solar proton events. This algorithm does not use radiation environment models and detailed ballistic calculations, while it uses data of the onboard radiation monitoring system (RMS) and empirical relations, obtained for ISS orbital motion.

Using the data of high-sensitivity dosimetric units DB-8, variations of the radiation environment onboard the International Space Station (ISS) during the year 2008 are analyzed. Very low level of solar activity was observed throughout this time, and no proton events occurred. It is shown that the variations of the mean daily dose rate during this period were caused by variations in the height of the ISS flight.

The InterSONG instrument now being developed at the Skobel’tsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics will allow the sensitivity of experiments on solar neutrons to be significantly raised by performing measurements in the immediate neighborhood of the Sun. It is expected that this instrument will be used on the Inter-HELIOS automatic interplanetary station operating at distances of as many as 25 solar radii. The instrument is based on a LiI scintillating crystal enriched with 6 Li, and a boron-containing plastic scintillator that also acts as a fast neutron moderator. The instrument is designed to detect neutrons with energies of 0.1–100 MeV and electromagnetic radiation over the range 0.03–10 MeV.