Over the past few decades, the development of new methods of storing, transferring, analyzing, and reproducing data has become increasingly important, considering the widespread development of information technologies and multimedia means. These methods also include means of ensuring the reliability, security, safety, and confidentiality of information when it is transmitted through various communication channels. Today, the fulfillment of the necessary data confidentiality requirements is developing in the direction of cryptography and steganography. The article discusses a method of ensuring data confidentiality by means of Digital Steganography, using GIF images as container files. The features of this method are considered, the main steps of the algorithm are described, and the resulting file is analyzed. The second part of the article studies a method that estimates the probability of hiding information in the blocks of a container file. This method utilizes Pearson’s goodness-of-fit test. A number of test tests of the algorithm have been carried out to check the efficiency of this method. As a result, a computer program has been created using the Microsoft Visual Studio 2019 Community programming environment and the C# programming language (.NET Framework).

One of the actively developing areas of modern computational problems is data analysis. The studied data have a different structure, which causes certain difficulties in the process of smoothing and analysis. This fact entails the need to search for new universal algorithms for data processing and create computer programs that analyze data of various nature. Today, a widely used method of data processing is regression modeling. It is used in problems of pattern recognition, classification, dimensionality reduction, and many others. The literature describes various methods of constructing regression models, the basis of which is the optimization of a certain indicator — the quality functional. A very important requirement for the quality of such models is the absence of outliers (outliers) in the data. This article discusses a method for examining a sample for outliers. The obtained algorithm can be applied to regression models estimated by the most common methods (least squares method, least modulus method). The mathematical basis of this procedure is the Legendre transformation, which provides computational accuracy in computer implementation. The adequacy of the obtained algorithm was investigated on a number of test samples. All tests were positive in terms of emissions. The MatLab system is used to develop a set of programs, which allows the building of various regression models and evaluation of the original sample for sharply distinguished observations.

The active development of computer systems and information technologies implies an increase in the importance of ensuring the protection and security of information during its transfer or storage. Today, the fulfillment of the necessary data confidentiality requirements tends to the direction of cryptography and steganography. The choice of the applied method of encoding information directly depends on the goals of the user, as well as the available software. The main requirement for the message encoding process is the availability of acceptable computational complexity of the implementation. The article discusses methods of ensuring data confidentiality employing digital steganography, using BMP images as container files, and carrying out their subsequent compression to the JPEG format without losing hidden information. Mathematical methods of constructing a stegosystem for encoding ASCII are studied — a message, each character of which is encoded with exactly one byte. As a result, a computer program was created based on the Microsoft Visual Studio 2017 programming environment and the C# programming language (.NET Framework). The stereotype, in this case, is a sequence of steps between image pixels, into which information is embedded. In this case, the algorithm allows you to memorize not the entire sequence of steps (that is, not the entire keystroke), but only the first five characters of the key or half of the key.

Studies have shown, that the hardening mechanism of «30Н8Г6М3ФТБ» steel alloyed with a complex of carbide and boron nitride is determined by the compounds: Nb6C5, V6C5, NbC, Mo0,72Nb0,28B2, VB, Ti3N1,29, NbN and NbVN2 formed as a result of surfacing with flux-cored wire. This material can be used for surfacing parts that work in conditions of moderate wear. Keywords surfacing, nickel-manganese-molybdenum steel, cored wire, alloying, boron carbide, boron nitride, durometric properties. weld_techn@mail.ru

When conducting an exploratory analysis of the data and the subsequent construction of functional dependencies between the observed phenomena, it is often necessary to assess the degree of dependence between the studied data. The basis for obtaining such criteria with a probabilistic approach usually includes the correlation component of the sample. The choice of the used indicator directly depends on the methods of studying the sample, as well as the tools for constructing the model. In most cases, at the initial stage of modeling, it is precisely the homogeneity estimates of the sample that are studied, a good selection of which can reduce the complexity of constructing the relationship between the data.In this paper, we study a method for assessing the uniformity of sample data when constructing a uniform regression model. The first part of the paper describes the correlation coefficient for the L∞ regression, studies the interval of its change, describes the geometric interpretation and the algorithm for constructing this indicator. In the second part of the paper, we study the method of constructing an indicator of "concentration" of the sample. For this, formulas are derived that relate the correlation coefficient to the magnitude of the original sample. In conclusion, a description is given of the algorithms for constructing the considered indicators, and conclusions are drawn about the complexity of these algorithms.

The heat-resistance of coating from deposited steel 15N8G6M3FTB at temperature of 900 °С is studied. It is established that this dependence occurs in the first hours. The average mass gain of the metal scale of such coating at 900 °С is 0.0128 kg/(m2 •h). It is shown that the basis of metal scale of the composition 15N8G6M3FTB is hematite Fe2O3 and magnetite Fe3O4, as well as MnO, which have protective properties. The number of other phase compounds with high protective properties is negligible. The coating from steel 15N8G6M3FTB can be used for applying to the surface of parts operating at elevated temperatures.

E. N. Eremin, A. S. Losev, S. A. Borodikhin, A. E. Matalasova, I. A. Ponomarev. Using thermal treatment for hardening corrosion-resistant coatings surfaced with a flux-cored wire containing BN-TiB 2 -ZrB 2 complex V. I. Kuznetsov, O. A. Sharikov. A method of processing mechanical mixtures using vortex set of deep separation G. N. Sokolov, A. A. Artemev, Yu. N. Dubtsov, E. N. Eremin, V. B. Litvinenko-Arkov, A. S. Losev. The influence of nitrogen and titanium carbonitride particles on structure and properties of metal Fe-C-Cr-Ni-Mo system deposited by flux wire

Изучение статистических данных на предмет выбросов является актуальной задачей современной математики. От надежности данных методов напрямую зависит качество последующей обработки массива данных и адекватность получаемых выводов. В общем случае данная задача предусматривает проверку всех имеющихся наблюдений и сопоставление с ними некого числового индикатора. Дальнейший вывод делается на основе сопоставления этих индикаторов между собой.В данной работе рассматривается методика поиск выбросов для одной из возможных регрессионных моделей, основанной на чебышевской норме. В основу предлагаемого подхода положено одно из известных преобразований, использующееся в выпуклом анализе, — преобразование Лежандра. Основанный на этом преобразовании алгоритм позволяет относить к группе выбросов не отдельные наблюдения, а множество наблюдений. Это отличает данный метод от большинства использующихся алгоритмов. Также это позволяет решить поставленную задачу за один проход и сокращает время выполнения алгоритма. Приводится пример исследования выборки на предмет выбросов. Возможность сравнения получаемых характеристик дает возможность решать задачу для различного количества предполагаемых экстремальных значений.DOI 10.14258/izvasu(2018)4-18

The paper is devoted to numerical designing of cylindrical microtargets on the basis of shock-free compression. When designing microtargets for the controlled thermonuclear fusion, the core tasks are to select geometry and make-up of layers, and the law of energy embedding as well, which allow receiving of "burning" of deuterium-tritium mix, that is, the existence of thermonuclear reactions of working area. Yet, the energy yield as a result of thermonuclear reactions has to be more than the embedded energy (the coefficient of amplification is more than a unit). So, an important issue is the value of the embedded energy. The purpose of the present paper is to study the extraction of energy by working DT area in one-cascade and two-cascade targets. A bigger extraction of energy will contribute to a better burning of DT mix and a bigger energy yield as a result of thermonuclear reactions. The comparison of analytical results to numerical calculations is carried out. The received results show advantages of a two-cascade target compared to a one-cascade one.

We study fuzzy and standard models of simple linear regression. We give a geometric interpretation of a fuzzy model and compare with the standard linear regression model. We also study the computational complexity of the linear regression fuzzy model, indicate effective algorithms of complexity of orders O(n log n), O(n 2), and describe their realization by MatLab. Bibliography: 10 titles. Illustration: 7 figures.

The results of study detector structures based on epitaxial layers of GaAs, compensated by Cr, are presented. It is shown that distribution of electric field straight in active region of the structures affected on it amplitude spectrums of γ-quantum.

Semiconductor microcavities play a key role in connecting exciton states and photons in advancing quantum information in solids. In this work we report on coherent interaction between high quality microcavity photon modes and spin states of a quantum dot in the strong coupling regime of cavity quantum electrodynamics. The coupling between the photon and exciton modes is studied by varying the temperature, where the spin states are resolved with a magnetic field applied in Faraday configuration. A detailed oscillator model is used to extract coupling parameters of the individual spin and cavity modes, which shows that the coupling depends on features of the mode symmetries. Our results demonstrate an effective coupling between photon modes that is mediated by the exciton spin states.

We report on magneto-optical control of quantum dot micropillar systems in the strong coupling regime. Magneto-optical resonance tuning, magnetic field control of the oscillator strength and spin cQED-effects will be presented.

The method of scanning Kelvin probe force microscopy has been used to study the electric field distribution in GaAs-based p +-π-n-n + detector structures. In the active layer volume, two maxima in the field strength profiles have been found, which are localized in the regions of p +-π and π-n junctions. A volt-age drop on the π-n junction expands the region of collection of nonequilibrium holes, thus increasing the charge collection efficiency for the absorption of γ photons with an energy of 59.5 keV.

The contact potential difference (CPD) and surface voltage drop (SVD) has been investigated on epitaxial detector p(+)-n-n(+) - structures using Kelvin Probe Force Microscopy (SPFM). The structures were based on undoped n-GaAs layers. The nonuniform distribution of the CPD in n-GaAs layer has been obtained. Applied reverse bias drops on the three regions within n-GaAs layer.

Optical spectra of InAs quantum dot molecules show clear signatures of 2-photon absorption through sequential and simultaneous transitions. Biexcitons can be spatially direct or indirect, producing 2-photon transitions that are unique to molecules.

Arrays of quantum dots can be useful for building ‘artificial molecules’, and potentially as elements of quantum information networks. But in practice, no two dots are the same. An optical technique provides the means for in situ characterization of individual dots, and their collective properties. In a network of quantum dots1 embedded in a semiconductor structure, no two are the same, and so their individual and collective properties must be measured after fabrication. Here, we demonstrate a ‘level anti-crossing spectroscopy’ (LACS) technique in which the ladder of orbital energy levels of one quantum dot is used to probe that of a nearby quantum dot. This optics-based technique can be applied in situ to a cluster of tunnel-coupled dots, in configurations similar to that predicted for new photonic or quantum information technologies2,3,4,5. Although the lowest energy levels of a quantum dot are arranged approximately in a shell structure6,7,8,9,10, asymmetries or intrinsic physics—such as spin–orbit coupling for holes—may alter level splittings significantly11. We use LACS on a diatomic molecule composed of vertically stacked InAs/GaAs quantum dots and obtain the excited-state level diagram of a hole with and without extra carriers. The observation of excited molecular orbitals, including σ and π bonding states, provides fresh opportunities in solid-state molecular physics. Combined with atomic-resolution microscopy and electronic-structure theory for typical dots, the LACS technique could also enable ‘reverse engineering’ of the level structure and the corresponding optical response12.