Ежегодно на территории Среднесибирского подтаежно-лесостепного района возникают лесные пожары. За пятилетний период (с 2018 по 2022 г.) было зарегистрировано 1303 пожара на площади 87.5 тыс. га. В статье приведены расчеты эмиссии парниковых газов при пожарах в насаждениях лесного района за рассматриваемый период. Объем эмиссии при лесных пожарах определяется интенсивностью горения и метеоусловиями. По полученным данным о количестве сгорающих при пожаре лесных горючих материалов рассчитана масса парниковых газов (СО2, СН4, N2О), выделяющихся во время горения в зависимости от типа насаждения и метеоусловий, влияющих на высыхание горючих материалов с использованием общепринятых методик. Выявлено, что ежегодно при пожарах в насаждениях Среднесибирского подтаежно-лесостепного района эмиссия парниковых газов составляет от 13.5 до 804 тыс. т. За рассматриваемый пятилетний период по расчетным данным выделилось при лесных пожарах более 1.2 млн т парниковых газов, с преобладанием СО-СО2. Наибольшая доля эмиссии при пожарах (более 95 %) приходится на весенний пожароопасный период. Изменчивость коэффициента самоочищения атмосферы существенно различается по периодам пожароопасного сезона. Выявлено, что благоприятные условия рассеивания эмиссий от лесных пожаров на территории Среднесибирского подтаежно-лесостепного района складываются в весенний период, когда регистрируется наибольшее число ветреных дней. Forest fires occur annually on the territory of the Central Siberian subtaiga-forest-steppe region. During the five-year period from 2018 to 2022, 1303 fires were registered. The areas covered by forest fires during this period amounted to 87.5 thousand hectares. The article presents calculations of greenhouse gas emissions from fires in forest area plantations for the period under review. The volume of emissions from forest fires is determined by the intensity of burning and weather conditions. Using the data obtained on the amount of combustible forest materials burned in a fire, the mass of greenhouse gases (CO2, CH4, N2O) released during combustion was calculated, depending on the type of planting and weather conditions affecting the drying of combustible materials using generally accepted methods. It was revealed that greenhouse gas emissions range from 13.5 thousand tons to 804 thousand tons annually during fires in plantations of the Central Siberian subtaiga-forest-steppe region. Over the five-year period under review, according to estimates, more than 1.2 million tons were released during forest fires. greenhouse gases, with a predominance of CO - CO2. The largest share of emissions from fires (more than 95 %) falls on the spring fire season. The variability of the self-purification coefficient of the atmosphere varies significantly by periods of the fire season. It was revealed that favorable conditions for the dispersion of emissions from forest fires in the territory of the Central Siberian subtaiga-forest-steppe region develop in the spring period, when the largest number of windy days is recorded.

The patterns of restoration of the ground vegetation after experimental fires of different intensity (924–4275 kW/m) in the southern taiga pine forests of the Nizhnee Priangar’e region are considered. Forest fires, depending on their intensity, lead to a decrease in species diversity (Shannon index), species richness, projective cover and ground biomass of grasses and shrubs. On the 12th and 13th years of the pyrogenic succession, the species richness of the grasses and shrubs was 60–75 % represented by species of the pre-fire community. The percent cover of the dominant ground layer Vaccinium vitis-idaea L. was 66–84 % of the pre-fire value. The aboveground biomass of the grasses and shrubs was 43–68 % of the pre fire value. Fires of medium and high intensity led to the death of the moss-lichen layer. After a fire of low intensity, the mosses were preserved in the areas not covered by fire. In the 12th and 13th years after the fires, the percent cover of the moss-lichen layer was 15–26 % of the pre-fire value. Pre-fire mosses as Pleurozium schreberi (Willd. ex Brid.) Mitt. and Dicranum polysetum Sw. are restored in the ground cover, and pioneer lichens of the Cladonia genus as: Cladonia botrytis (K. G. Hagen) Willd, Cl. cenotea (Ach.) Schaer., Cl. cornuta (L.) Hoffm., Cl. deformis (L.) Hoffm., Cl. gracilis (L.) Willd appear. Ground fires led to a change in the structure of pre-fire plant microgroups. In the 12th year after the low-intensity fire, pre-fire microgroups of Vaccinium vitis-idaea-herbs green moss and Vaccinium vitis-idaea-green moss prevailed. In the 13th year after a medium-intensity fire, within the boundaries of the pre-fire microgroup of Vaccinium vitis-idaea-lichen-green moss a monodominant microgroup of Vaccinium vitis-idaea was formed. The high-intensity fire led to an increase in the number of plant microgroups. In the ground layer were dominated by plant microassociations as – Cladonia-Polytrichum, Vaccinium vitis idaea-Polytrichum, herbs-Polytrichum, Polytrichum, Maianthemum bifolium, Vaccinium vitis-idaea-Lycopodium Polytrichum, Vaccinium vitis-idaea-Cladonia, Cladonia.

С. В. Жила 1 *, Г. А. Иванова 1 Воздействие высокоинтенсивных пожаров на баланс углерода в светлохвойных насаждениях Нижнего Приангарья1 Институт леса им.В.Н.Сукачева СО РАН, г

Рассмотрены закономерности восстановления живого напочвенного покрова после экспериментальных пожаров разной интенсивности (924-4275 кВт/м) в южно-таежных сосновых насаждениях Нижнего Приангарья. Установлено, что пожары, в зависимости от их интенсивности, привели к снижению видового разнообразия (индекса Шеннона), видового богатства, проективного покрытия и надземной фитомассы травяно-кустарничкового яруса. На 12, 13-й годы пирогенной сукцессии видовое богатство травяно-кустарничкового яруса на 60-75 % представлено видами допожарного сообщества. Проективное покрытие доминанта - брусники ( Vaccinium vitis-idaea L.) - составляло 66-84 % от допожарного значения, надземная фитомасса травяно-кустарничкового яруса - 43-68 % от исходной. Пожары средней и высокой интенсивности привели к гибели мохово-лишайникового покрова, при пожаре низкой интенсивности моховой покров сохранился на не пройденных огнем участках. На 12 и 13-й год после пожаров проективное покрытие мохово-лишайникового покрова составило 15-26 % от допожарного значения. Наблюдалось восстановление допожарных мхов - плевроциума Шребера ( Pleurozium schreberi (Willd. ex Brid.) Mitt.), дикранума многоножкового ( Dicranum polysetum Sw.), а также пионерных лишайников рода Cladonia- кладонии гроздевидной ( Cladonia botrytis(K. G. Hagen) Willd), к. пустовой ( Cl. cenotea (Ach.) Schaer.), к. рогатой ( Cl. cornuta(L.) Hoffm.), к. бесформенной ( Cl. deformis (L.) Hoffm.), к. изящной ( Cl. gracilis(L.) Willd). Низовые пожары средней и высокой интенсивности привели к изменению границ допожарных растительных микрогруппировок. Через 12 лет после низкоинтенсивного пожара преобладали допожарные микрогруппировки (бруснично-разнотравно-зеленомошная и бруснично-зеленомошная). На 13-й год после среднеинтенсивного пожара в границах допожарной бруснично-лишайниково-зеленомошной микрогруппировки сформировалась брусничная. Высокоинтенсивный пожар привел к увеличению числа растительных микрогруппировок. В напочвенном покрове доминировали растительные микроассоциации - лишайниково-политриховая, бруснично-политриховая, разнотравно-политриховая, политриховая, майниковая, бруснично-плауново-политриховая, бруснично-лишайниковая, лишайниковая. The patterns of restoration of the ground vegetation after experimental fires of different intensity (924-4275 kW/m) in the southern taiga pine forests of the Nizhnee Priangar’e region are considered. Forest fires, depending on their intensity, lead to a decrease in species diversity (Shannon index), species richness, projective cover and ground biomass of grasses and shrubs. On the 12th and 13th years of the pyrogenic succession, the species richness of the grasses and shrubs was 60-75 % represented by species of the pre-fire community. The percent cover of the dominant ground layer Vaccinium vitis-idaea L. was 66-84 % of the pre-fire value. The aboveground biomass of the grasses and shrubs was 43-68 % of the pre fire value. Fires of medium and high intensity led to the death of the moss-lichen layer. After a fire of low intensity, the mosses were preserved in the areas not covered by fire. In the 12th and 13th years after the fires, the percent cover of the moss-lichen layer was 15-26 % of the pre-fire value. Pre-fire mosses as Pleurozium schreberi (Willd. ex Brid.) Mitt. and Dicranum polysetum Sw. are restored in the ground cover, and pioneer lichens of the Cladonia genus as: Cladonia botrytis (K. G. Hagen) Willd, Cl. cenotea (Ach.) Schaer., Cl. cornuta (L.) Hoffm., Cl. deformis (L.) Hoffm., Cl. gracilis (L.) Willd appear. Ground fires led to a change in the structure of pre-fire plant microgroups. In the 12th year after the low-intensity fire, pre-fire microgroups of Vaccinium vitis-idaea -herbs-green moss and Vaccinium vitis-idaea -green moss prevailed. In the 13th year after a medium-intensity fire, within the boundaries of the pre-fire microgroup of Vaccinium vitis-idaea -lichen-green moss a monodominant microgroup of Vaccinium vitis-idaea was formed. The high-intensity fire led to an increase in the number of plant microgroups. In the ground layer were dominated by plant microassociations as - Cladonia - Polytrichum , Vaccinium vitis-idaea - Polytrichum , herbs- Polytrichum , Polytrichum , Maianthemum bifolium , Vaccinium vitis-idaea - Lycopodium - Polytrichum , Vaccinium vitis-idaea - Cladonia , Cladonia.

The paper presents the results of an analysis of the spatial distribution of forest fires and their causes in the forest areas of Central Siberia in 1987-2020. An increase in the share of fires from lightning discharges has been recorded (R-2 =0.78, p < 0.05). A spatiotemporal extrapolation of long-term meteorological data series has been performed. An increase in thunderstorm activity by at least 30% relative to the average annual norm for the end of the 20th century has been revealed for the entire territory of Central Siberia. It is shown that if current trends are maintained until 2100, the number of lightning discharges during the fire season (March-September) will determine up to 10-40% increase in the number of fires caused by lightning. Thunderstorm activity can be one of the significant factors in the toughening of fire regimes in Central Siberia.

Аннотация.Разнообразие климата, растительности и хозяйственное освоение лесов способствует ежегодному возникновению лесных пожаров на территории Сибирского Федерального округа.В последние два десятилетия на территории региона наблюдается рост числа пожаров и их площадей.Основными причинами возникновения пожаров являются антропогенные, связанные с ростом хозяйственного освоения лесных территорий населением.В северных и горных регионах лесные пожары от гроз составляют от 25 до 43,6% от всех пожаров

On the territory of Central Siberia, hundreds of forest fires occur annually, spreading over vast areas. An analysis of the dynamics of forest fires showed that in recent decades the number of fires and the burned area have increased significantly. The average area of one fire has also increased, which indicates the insufficient effectiveness of the organization of forest fire protection. The maximum number of fires occurs in the Nizhneangarskiy taiga region, where pine forests predominate, in which cutting have been actively carried out since the middle of the last century. The largest burned area was registered in the Central Siberian plateau taiga region, where forests are inaccessible and a zone control by only remote-sensing instruments has been allocated. The largest number of fires from thunderstorms was also recorded in this forest region (93.1 %). The main number of large and catastrophic fires operated in the control zone. The meteorological factors influencing the occurrence of forest fires are analyzed and regression models of the dependence of the number of forest fires on temperature and precipitation for different forest regions are obtained. The main causes of fires are the emergence of a large number of fires sources due to the intensive economic development of forest areas and increased thunderstorm activity due to climate change. The use of a regression model of the relationship between the number of forest fires and the average air temperature and the amount of precipitation for the fire season allows to qualitatively estimate the system of protecting forests from forest fires. At the same time, in some forest regions, there is a decrease in the effectiveness of protecting forests from fires, the increase in the number of which is due to climate change.

На территории Средней Сибири ежегодно возникают сотни лесных пожаров, распространяющиеся на огромные площади, а в последние десятилетия число их и пройденная площадь значительно возросли, также увеличилась средняя площадь одного пожара. Все это свидетельствует о недостаточной эффективности организации охраны лесов. Максимальное число пожаров приходится на Нижнеангарский таежный район с преобладающими сосновыми насаждениями, в которых с середины прошлого века активно проводятся сплошные рубки. Наибольшая площадь, пройденная лесными пожарами, зарегистрирована в Среднесибирском плоскогорном таежном районе, где леса малодоступны и выделена зона контроля. Здесь также зафиксировано самое большое количество пожаров от гроз (93.1 %). В основном крупные катастрофические пожары действовали в зоне контроля. Анализ метеофакторов, влияющих на возникновение лесных пожаров на примере отдельных лесных районов, и полученные регрессионные модели зависимости числа пожаров от температуры и осадков в современных условиях позволили установить главные причины возникновения пожаров: интенсивное хозяйственное освоение лесных территорий, появление значительного количества антропогенных источников огня и увеличение грозовой активности вследствие изменения климата. Использование регрессионной модели связи количества лесных пожаров со средней температурой воздуха и суммой осадков за пожароопасный сезон позволяет качественно оценить систему охраны лесов от лесных пожаров. В то же время в отдельных лесных районах наблюдается снижение эффективности охраны лесов от пожаров, рост числа которых обусловлен климатическими изменениями. On the territory of Central Siberia, hundreds of forest fires occur annually, spreading over vast areas. An analysis of the dynamics of forest fires showed that in recent decades the number of fires and the burned area have increased significantly. The average area of one fire has also increased, which indicates the insufficient effectiveness of the organization of forest fire protection. The maximum number of fires occurs in the Nizhneangarskiy taiga region, where pine forests predominate, in which cutting have been actively carried out since the middle of the last century. The largest burned area was registered in the Central Siberian plateau taiga region, where forests are inaccessible and a zone control by only remote-sensing instruments has been allocated. The largest number of fires from thunderstorms was also recorded in this forest region (93.1 %). The main number of large and catastrophic fires operated in the control zone. The meteorological factors influencing the occurrence of forest fires are analyzed and regression models of the dependence of the number of forest fires on temperature and precipitation for different forest regions are obtained. The main causes of fires are the emergence of a large number of fires sources due to the intensive economic development of forest areas and increased thunderstorm activity due to climate change. The use of a regression model of the relationship between the number of forest fires and the average air temperature and the amount of precipitation for the fire season allows to qualitatively estimate the system of protecting forests from forest fires. At the same time, in some forest regions, there is a decrease in the effectiveness of protecting forests from fires, the increase in the number of which is due to climate change.

В связи с интенсивным промышленным освоением территории Красноярского края произошли значительные перемены в растительном покрове и увеличилось количество источников огня. Вследствие изменения климата также возросло количество молниевых разрядов, являющихся основной причиной лесных пожаров на малоосвоенных северных территориях края. Разработка региональной шкалы пожарной опасности по условиям погоды вызвана тем, что существующая единая федеральная шкала пожарной опасности по условиям погоды недостаточно точно характеризует пожарную опасность лесных участков региона и не позволяет рационально регламентировать работы лесопожарных служб и маневрировать силами лесничеств и авиаотделений. На основе данных о количестве и площади лесных пожаров и о причинах их возникновения нами выполнены обобщения и анализ приуроченности пожаров и причин возникновения возгораний по лесным районам Красноярского края. Установлено, что в современных условиях территория края характеризуется увеличением пожарной активности. Ввиду сложности рельефа, разнообразия климатических и лесорастительных условий для каждого лесного района нами были построены региональные шкалы пожарной опасности по условиям погоды и проведено их сравнение с единой федеральной шкалой. Использование разработанных нами шкал пожарной опасности для лесных районов Красноярского края позволит своевременно проводить обнаружение и тушение лесных пожаров. Due to the intensive industrial development of the territory of Krasnoyarsk Krai, significant changes have taken place in the vegetation cover and the number of fire sources has increased. Due to climate change, the number of lightning discharges, which are the main cause of forest fires in the underdeveloped northern territories of the region, has also increased. The development of a regional fire hazard scale for weather conditions is caused by the fact that the existing unified federal fire hazard scale for weather conditions does not accurately characterize the fire hazard of forest areas in the region and does not allow rationally regulating the work of forest fire services and forestry. On the basis of data on the number and area of forest fires and the causes of their occurrence, generalizations and analysis of the timing of fires and the causes of fires in the forest areas of Krasnoyarsk Krai were performed. It is revealed, that in modern conditions the area of the region is characterized by an increase in fire activity. Due to the complexity of the relief, the diversity of climatic and forest conditions for each forest area, we have constructed regional fire hazard scales for weather conditions and compared them with the unified federal scale. The use of fire hazard scales developed by us for the forest areas of the Krasnoyarsk Krai will allow timely detection and extinguishing of forest fires and, consequently, reduce damage from forest fires.

Due to the intensive industrial development of the territory of Krasnoyarsk Krai, significant changes have taken place in the vegetation cover and the number of fire sources has increased. Due to climate change, the number of lightning discharges, which are the main cause of forest fires in the underdeveloped northern territories of the region, has also increased. The development of a regional fire hazard scale for weather conditions is caused by the fact that the existing unified federal fire hazard scale for weather conditions does not accurately characterize the fire hazard of forest areas in the region and does not allow rationally regulating the work of forest fire services and forestry. On the basis of data on the number and area of forest fires and the causes of their occurrence, generalizations and analysis of the timing of fires and the causes of fires in the forest areas of Krasnoyarsk Krai were performed. It is revealed, that in modern conditions the area of the region is characterized by an increase in fire activity. Due to the complexity of the relief, the diversity of climatic and forest conditions for each forest area, we have constructed regional fire hazard scales for weather conditions and compared them with the unified federal scale. The use of fire hazard scales developed by us for the forest areas of the Krasnoyarsk Krai will allow timely detection and extinguishing of forest fires and, consequently, reduce damage from forest fires.

The article presents the results of thirty years of international cooperation on the problem of forest fires with scientists from Europe and America. During this period, international conferences, meetings, and joint experimental studies were conducted on forest fires modeling and post-fire succession monitoring in the boreal forests of Siberia. The Bor Forest Island Fire Experiment was conducted in 1993 in the Krasnoyarsk Region to study the burning of biomass in the Middle Taiga pine forest. The experiment was a simulated controlled high-intensity forest fire. The experimental fire behavior and fire emissions parameters obtained made it possible to conduct post-fire monitoring and assess the effects of fire on forest components. The Bor Forest Island Fire Experiment was unique in its size and long term monitoring of post-fire reforestation. In 1996, joint international studies were launched to conduct controlled burning of logged sites in order to reduce fire danger and stimulate reforestation processes in clear-cuts in lowland and mountain fir forests with ground vegetation as mixed grasses and green mosses. In order to study the impact of fires on ecosystem components, experiments were conducted during the same period to simulate fires of varying intensity in Southern Taiga and Middle Taiga pine forests. In terms of the level of comprehensive research and the depth of their study, the experiments are unique and were conducted for the first time for the boreal forests of Russia. After controlled burning and experiments, the process of post-fire reforestation was monitored. Scientific cooperation and exchange of experience with colleagues from other countries have enriched domestic forest fire science with foreign experience and knowledge, and also made the results of research by Russian scientists available to the international scientific community.

Представлены итоги 30-летнего международного сотрудничества по проблеме лесных пожаров с учеными из стран Европы и Америки, включающего международные конференции, встречи, совместные экспериментальные исследования по моделированию лесных пожаров и мониторингу послепожарной сукцессии в бореальных лесах Сибири. В 1993 г. в Красноярском крае был проведен Борский эксперимент по изучению горения биомассы в среднетаежном сосняке, представляющий собой смоделированный контролируемый высокоинтенсивный лесной пожар. Полученные экспериментальные данные по параметрам поведения огня и пожарным эмиссиям позволили осуществить послепожарный мониторинг и оценить последствия воздействия пожара на компоненты леса. Борский эксперимент был уникален своими размерами и продолжительным мониторингом послепожарного лесовосстановления. В 1996 г. начались совместные международные исследования по проведению контролируемых выжиганий вырубок с целью снижения пожарной опасности и стимулирования лесовосстановительных процессов на вырубках в равнинных и горных пихтарниках разнотравно-зеленомошных. Для изучения воздействия пожаров на компоненты экосистемы в этот же период проводились эксперименты по моделированию пожаров разной интенсивности в южно- и среднетаежных сосняках. По уровню комплексных исследований и глубине их проработки эксперименты уникальны и проведены для бореальных лесов России впервые. После контролируемых выжиганий и экспериментов проводился мониторинг за процессом послепожарного лесовосстановления. Научное сотрудничество и обмен опытом с коллегами из других стран обогатили отечественную лесную пирологию зарубежным опытом и знаниями, а также сделали результаты исследований российских ученых доступными международной научной общественности. The article presents the results of thirty years of international cooperation on the problem of forest fires with scientists from Europe and America. During this period, international conferences, meetings, and joint experimental studies were conducted on forest fires modeling and post-fire succession monitoring in the boreal forests of Siberia. The Bor Forest Island Fire Experiment was conducted in 1993 in the Krasnoyarsk Region to study the burning of biomass in the Middle Taiga pine forest. The experiment was a simulated controlled high-intensity forest fire. The experimental fire behavior and fire emissions parameters obtained made it possible to conduct post-fire monitoring and assess the effects of fire on forest components. The Bor Forest Island Fire Experiment was unique in its size and long-term monitoring of post-fire reforestation. In 1996, joint international studies were launched to conduct controlled burning of logged sites in order to reduce fire danger and stimulate reforestation processes in clear-cuts in lowland and mountain fir forests with ground vegetation as mixed grasses and green mosses. In order to study the impact of fires on ecosystem components, experiments were conducted during the same period to simulate fires of varying intensity in Southern Taiga and Middle Taiga pine forests. In terms of the level of comprehensive research and the depth of their study, the experiments are unique and were conducted for the first time for the boreal forests of Russia. After controlled burning and experiments, the process of post-fire reforestation was monitored. Scientific cooperation and exchange of experience with colleagues from other countries have enriched domestic forest fire science with foreign experience and knowledge, and also made the results of research by Russian scientists available to the international scientific community.

Monitoring of forest fires on the territory of the Siberian Federal District revealed that over the past decades the number of fires in the region has increased and their areas have doubled. The largest number of fires occurs in the areas of taiga and forest-steppe. The main causes of fires were anthropogenic, associated with the growing economic and recreational development of forest territories by the population.

Every year, hundreds of forest fires occur on the territory of the Siberia. It is established that in recent decades there has been an increase in the number and area of forest fires, respectively, the volume of pyrogenic emissions increases too. During fires gas-aerosol emissions are released the volume of which is determined by the intensity of the fire and the burnt forest combustible materials. The paper presents calculations of greenhouse gas emissions from fires in light coniferous forests of the Lower Angara region for 2014–2019. Using data on the amount of forest combustible materials burned in a fire, the mass of greenhouse gases released during fires is calculated, depending on the type of fire, the type of forest and weather conditions that affect the drying of combustible materials., The estimated greenhouse gas emission from fires in light coniferous forests ranges from 5.9 to 37.5 ton/ha, depending on the type of fire and the type of forest. Each year, in the light coniferous forests of the Lower Angara region, greenhouse gas emissions from fires vary from 160 to 5649 thousand tons, on average more than 2300 thousand ton/ha per year. In total, during the period under review, according to the calculated data, more than 16 million tons of greenhouse gases were released during forest fires, with a predominance of CO–CO2. It is revealed that unfavorable conditions of dispersion of emissions from forest fires are formed in the summer months, characterized by a high frequency of calm, surface inversions and radiation fogs. Relatively favorable weather conditions in the presence of pollution factors for self-cleaning the atmosphere from fire emissions are observed in spring and autumn, when the greatest number of windy days is recorded.

The majority of area burned by wildfire are located in Siberia. Mainly low-intensity surface fires occur in larch forests, whereas in evergreen forests both surface and crown fires are observed. Warming has led to an increase in the frequency and area of wildfires that have reached the Arctic Ocean shore. However, wildfires are the most important factor in taiga dynamics; larch and Scots pine have evolved under conditions of periodic forest fires, thereby gaining a competitive advantage over non-fire adapted species; in the permafrost zone, periodic fires are a prerequisite for the dominance of larch. Wildfires support ecosystem health, biodiversity, and conservation; periodic wildfires decrease the danger of catastrophic wildfires. With an amplified rate of increase in fires, it is necessary to focus fire suppression on areas of high social, natural, and economic value, while allowing a greater number of wildfires to burn in the vast Siberian forest landscapes.

In connection with global climate change, special attention is paid to the quantitative content of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. Currently, forest fires are one of the main sources of gas and aerosol emissions into the atmosphere. Based on the conducted experimental studies, data on carbon emissions from fires of different intensity in the pine forests of Siberia were obtained. The most important factors affecting the amount of burned biomass and the amount of carbon emissions are the type and intensity of the fire. High-intensity fires have the greatest impact on the ecosystem and the amount of carbon emissions. With an increase in the number of large high-intensity fires, an increase in pyrogenic carbon emissions into the atmosphere can be expected.

The dynamics of ecological and microbiological parameters of the soils in fruticulose-lichen-green moss type of pine forests after fires of different intensity and logging tree stands at the initial stage (up to 10 years) of vegetation restoration in the Lower Priangar’e region are discussed in the article. It is revealed that at four to five year period after fires content of microbial biomass decreases by 2–9 times, total Cmic storages decreases by 20–40 % in the upper organo-mineral horizon of illuvial-ferrous sandy podzol, and the transformation of the structure and the number of ecological-trophic groups of microorganisms (ETGM), with more marked changes after high-intensity fires. The highest values of qCO2 (6.7–27.4 µgС–СО2/(mgСmic • h)) were observed within four years after fires with a tendency to decrease its values. The maximum changes of the functional parameters of microbial communities, decreases the number of ETGM and changes its structure, increased microbial production of CO2 by 54–40 % while reducing total Cmic storages by 20–40 %, and a high qCO2 value (5.5–14 4 µgС–СО2/(mgСmic • h)) were observed in the soil in two-five years of deforestation with significant mechanical disturbance of litter, whereas in the soil of ten logging at the young stage the considered parameters of microbial communities approximated the control. The restored successions of microbiocenoses of the of illuvial-ferrous sandy podzol of pine forests in five to eight years after high-intensity fires and after logging of pine forests with disturbance of soil and vegetation cover had similar trend and focus, reflecting the transformation of hydrothermal and trophic soil conditions.