目的 通过对万古霉素引起儿童不良反应的文献进行统计和分析,探讨其不良反应发生的特点和原因,为儿童合理用药提供依据.方法 以"万古霉素"、"不良反应"等主要检索词,检索中国期刊全文数据库(CNKI)、万方数据库、维普医学网的文献资料,依据纳排标准对文献进行筛选,将纳入的文献病例资料进行归纳与分析,统计不同血药浓度的不良反应发生率.结果 检索建库以来至2019年10月,共筛选纳入文献7篇,总例数为946例,其中未达到10mg·L-1为715例(占75.58％),大于10mg·L-1为231例(占24.42％).按患儿血药浓度范围、总例数、肝功能损害例数、肾功能损害例数、听力损害例数以10mg·L-1为界限进行归纳与分析,超过10mg·L-1肝功能损害、肾功能损害发生率增加;而在听力损害中无统计学差异.结论 万古霉素的谷浓度大于10mg·L-1时,肝肾功能的损害明显增加,需及时监测其血药浓度,以保障用药安全性.

Purpose To explore the effect of the extract of Begonia fimbristipula on the development of diabetic nephrophathy rats.Methods Diabetic nephrophathy rat models were established by intraperitoneally injecting streptozotocin at the dose of 60 mg/kg.After the diabetic nephrophathy rats were administered with the extract of Begonia fimbristipula by irrigating stomach at the dose of 5 g/kg for 4 consecutive weeks,the urine protein(UP),β-N-acetyl glucosaminidase(NAG) and β2-microglobulin(β2-MG) in urine,and the contents of blood urea nitrogen(BUN),creatinine(Cr) and β2-MG in serum were determined.Results The extract of Begonia fimbristipula could significantly reduce fasting kidney index,24 hours urine collection,UP,NAG,and β2-MG(P0.01) in urine,and serum BUN,Cr and β2-MG levels(P0.05) of diabetic nephrophathy rats.Conclusion The extract of Begonia fimbristipula can improve kidney filtration function,and has obviously improved the diabetic nephrophathy rats clinical symptoms.

Objective: To study the clinical effect of montelukast combined with Shegan Mahuang Tang in treatment of cough variant asthma(CVA).Method:One hundred and seventy two patients with CVA were randomly divided into treatment group and control group,and the patients in control group were treated with salbutamol sulfate aerosol(1 dose per time,tid) combined with ketotifen(2 mg·d-1),the patients in treatment group was received with montelukast(10 mg·d-1) combined with Shegan Mahuang Tang.In two groups the treatment lasted for two weeks.Forced expiratory volume 1(FEV1),peak expiratory flow(PEF) and clinical symptom were measured,the clinical effect was compared.Result: The clinical symptom was changed by the teatments significantly.And the score in treatment group and control group was 1.1±0.2 and 1.8±0.3(P0.05);the PEF changes of treatment group was 5.1%,it was lower than 9.2% in the control's(P0.05).The total effective rate of treatment group was 91.9%,and the rate of control group was 82.6%,(P0.05).Conclusion: Shegan Mahuang Tang combined with montelukast shows satisfactory clinical efficacy in CVA,and it is worthy of clinical use.

目的 观察结直肠癌组织中组胺H4受体的表达变化及其临床意义.方法 分别采用免疫组化SP法和RT-PCR法检测80例结直肠癌(观察组)及28例癌旁正常组织(对照组)中的组胺H4受体及mR-NA.结果 观察组组胺H4受体阳性9例,对照组为26例,两组H4阳性率差异有统计学意义(x2=63.0576,P＜0.01)；观察组中组胺H4受体表达在有淋巴结转移患者中的表达阳性率为43.5％ (27/62),明显高于无淋巴结转移患者的5.6％ (1/18)(x2=8.8511,P＜0.01);Ⅰ～Ⅱ期结直肠癌组织中H4表达阳性率为28.6％(8/28),明显高于Ⅲ～Ⅳ期的3.8％ (2/52)(x2=10.1727,P＜0.01).观察组组胺H4受体mRNA表达量为(1.122±0.046)(A值),明显高于对照组的(0.154±0.012)(A值)(t=109.7429,P＜0.05).结论 组胺H4受体在结直肠癌组织有表达异常,表达量与病理分期相关.