With the continuous evolution of information-based and intelligent warfare, the appearance and identification design of military equipment have gradually shifted from a singular focus on recognition functions to multi-dimensional information expression and situational awareness. As a comprehensive reflection of national military strength and technological capabilities, the surface patterns of military aircraft not only perform traditional tasks such as camouflage, identification, and psychological deterrence, but have also progressively developed into an important medium for conveying organizational culture, technological aesthetics, and strategic awareness. This paper, supported by the theory of “Situational Awareness,” systematically reviews the evolution paths and design logic of military aircraft patterns across different periods, based on the research perspectives of design morphology and cultural semiotics. The study first establishes an analytical framework covering four dimensions: technological background, task types, environmental factors, and cultural symbols, and conducts systematic sampling and graphic element deconstruction of representative aircraft models from typical countries (such as the United States, Russia, and China). By combining the quantification of morphological characteristics with semantic classification methods, the study extracts the main components involved in pattern design, including color systems, geometric language, composition methods, and visual guidance mechanisms. On the basis of comparative analysis, the paper further reveals the three-phase evolutionary trend of military aircraft patterns: from the “function-oriented camouflage period” to the “recognition-oriented marking period,” and then to the “information-oriented situational period.“ This evolution reflects not only the co-evolution of material processes, task scenarios, and aesthetic concepts but also the trends of “cognitive visualization” and “information narration” in modern military design. The research results indicate that, with the application of multi-source sensing and human-machine collaborative technologies, future military patterns will increasingly emphasize dynamic perception and intelligent response characteristics, transitioning from static visual symbols to situational information interfaces. The innovation of this paper lies in its focus on situational awareness as the core and the establishment of a pattern evolution analysis model for the military design field, achieving a cross-domain integration from perceptual form recognition to rational cognitive extraction. The study not only provides a systematic theoretical basis for military equipment visual design but also offers a reference direction for the intelligent camouflage and information expression of next-generation military products. By integrating design research with the development of military craftsmanship, this paper attempts to explore a fusion path between military aesthetics and situational intelligence, providing sustainable design foundations for the construction of future military visual systems.

In the development of virtual prototyping for rail vehicles, industrial design plays a bridging role between art and engineering. In the present industrial design process, on account of problems such as too many types of software were used and difficulties in model conversion, the research proposes a collaborative design method for industrial design based on the 3DE platform, aiming to establish a unified “3D data mainline” to achieve continuous development of industrial design and engineering design. Taking a certain urban rail vehicle as an example, the industrial design procedure is analyzed, including demand input, rapid modeling, real-time rendering, curve modeling, etc. It is hoped that this method can reduce development costs, shorten the time cycle, and improve work efficiency in the development process of virtual prototyping for rail vehicles.

Aligning designer requirements with prototyping platform functionalities remains a challenge in agile development (AD) environments, as existing tools often fail to accommodate evolving needs. This study proposes a systematic approach to optimizing prototyping platforms by bridging the gap between user needs and functional design. First, a designer requirement architecture was constructed using grounded theory, identifying three core elements: interaction needs, collaboration needs, and visualization and testing needs. The F-KANO model was used to categorize requirements, while DEMATEL was used to prioritize them based on interdependencies. Finally, quality function deployment (QFD) was used to map designer needs to functional specifications, deriving an optimization strategy. Empirical evaluation through user testing indicated notable improvements in workflow efficiency, usability, and collaboration effectiveness. This research offers a systematic framework for refining prototyping platforms in AD, improving design efficiency and UX.

Objective Based on the development background of digital medical technology, this study aimed to establish design guidelines and references in relevant fields to better serve clinical medical treatment using intelligent technology to enhance the usability of the interaction interface of robotic surgical systems and reduce potential human-factor risks during digital surgery.Methods Considering the robotic liver cancer ablation surgery system as the research object, subjective and objective evaluation indicators were established from 3 dimensions of effectiveness, efficiency, and satisfaction based on the usability theory. Using the hierarchical task analysis method, usability experiments were conducted to collect relevant data. Feedback on issues during the experimental process was obtained through observation and interviews. Failure mode and effect analysis and fault tree analysis were used to assess risk levels and formulate design strategies.Results The interface design of the liver cancer ablation surgery robot was iteratively optimized. The results showed that the interface after iteration improved in skilled operation time, subjective evaluation scores, risk priority number value, and risk level. The rationality of the scheme was verified, and interface design paradigm was constructed based on intelligent technology.Conclusion After improving the design, the interface effectively reduced the frequency of problems and average skilled operation time, thereby, improving the subjective satisfaction score of users.

Portable stroke diagnostic devices for pre-hospital detection are crucial for improving stroke treatment rates, but most existing devices are too large and difficult to move, delaying diagnosis and treatment. This study uses a method to analyze and transform user needs into the design of a portable stroke detection device for quick pre-hospital diagnosis and timely treatment. Firstly, user needs from doctors, nurses, patients and patients' families were collected through surveys and online searches and organized using the KJ method. The AHP method, FAST model and QFD theories were used to prioritize these needs, translate them into design elements and establish the importance of each element. Finally, the primary and secondary design elements of the device were identified through qualitative and quantitative analyses, considering ergonomics, user behavior, technology and structure. The study shows that the AHP/FAST/QFD integrated method can effectively guide the design of portable stroke detection devices, providing valuable insights for related product designs.

This paper proposes an innovative method for visualizing pain by transforming complex pain metrics into intuitive visual codes, making pain expression more precise and easier to understand and empathize with. The system categorizes pain by type, source, intensity, and range, employing creative visual elements to vividly represent these categories. This design not only enhances the clarity and accuracy of pain communication but also bridges the gap between patient experience and medical interpretation, providing a more human-centered solution in the healthcare field.

AbstractTo expedite the modernisation of equipment construction and address practical challenges, such as low efficiency in armoured vehicle passenger information retrieval, diverse perception channels, and inadequate combat effectiveness in traditional vehicle‐integrated electronic information systems, the authors aim to transition to a helmet‐mounted display system (HMD). On the basis of the target mission stage of military vehicles, the authors have organised the required information items for the vehicle HMD, integrated the hierarchical relationships of interaction interface design elements, and formulated design strategies using the Garrett user experience element model. We have constructed a vehicle HMD interaction interface design model and conducted comparative experiments with typical vehicle electronic display system interfaces. The usability of the model has been verified through eye‐tracking experiments and reaction time analysis. Experimental data indicates that the vehicle HMD interactive interface system, guided by the user experience element model, effectively enhances operational performance for passengers, demonstrating superior recognition, search ability, comprehensibility, and rationality. In conclusion, the vehicle HMD interaction interface design model, guided by the user experience element model, meets the requirements of vehicle HMD interaction interface design. It validates the effectiveness and feasibility of transitioning from a traditional vehicle‐integrated electronic information system to a vehicle HMD, providing technical support for enhancing display efficiency in future prototype platforms on the prototype platform digital warfare.

As the number of traffic accident casualties continues to rise globally, this study aims to enhance traffic safety during highway emergency repairs. Based on the fundamentals of human vision, this study designed a novel interactive barricade design, R-barricade, which aims to improve the visibility and warning effect of the barricade, as well as to enhance the interaction with the operator in order to reduce the risk of accidents. We established a comprehensive visual criteria framework, combined with eye-tracking technology, to systematically evaluate the R-barricade. The evaluation results show that the design effectively improves the driver’s attention to the barricade and effectively extends the gaze time, significantly improves the reaction time, and effectively improves the safety of the barricade. This study provides new perspectives for evaluating and improving traffic safety measures during highway emergency repairs and contributes scientific support to the advancement of interactive transport systems and road safety management.

To improve the comfort of surgeons during the use of minimally invasive surgical robots and reduce occupational hazards, the precise puncture robot for vital organs was selected as the research subject. Based on the theory and methods of human-machine ergonomics, combined with JACK software, a simulation analysis was conducted on the comfort, working posture, and visibility of surgeons using existing related products. Design improvements were made based on the analysis results. By comparing and evaluating the simulation experimental data before and after the design changes, it was found that the improved solution at the human-machine ergonomics level helps enhance the comfort of users during the operation process and reduce the risk of occupational diseases among the medical community. This design can serve as a guide and reference for related fields.

Aim: Physical exercise is essential for the physical and mental health of visually impaired people, but they often face challenges such as inaccurate movements, lack of rhythm and difficulty in mastering postures during exercise. This project introduces an assistive device based on a multi-channel interaction design strategy to improve the accuracy of yoga practice for the visually impaired and to enable their independent exercise. Methods: The system uses a 1:1 model combined with an output interaction model. The effectiveness was verified through controlled experiments with unassisted exercise as the control group and yoga-assisted exercise as the experimental group. Improvements in yoga accuracy and product usability were verified using the Assisted Accuracy Scale and the SUS Scale, respectively. Results: The results showed that the multi-channel interaction design significantly improved the accuracy and usability of yoga exercises and enhanced the ability of visually impaired people to exercise independently. Conclusion: Through this project, we hope to replicate this design strategy to help more visually impaired individuals independently perform effective physical exercise at home, in a gym, or in an outdoor space, thereby improving their quality of life and overall health.

With emotion-centric design as the foundation, this study investigates the design of medical surgical robot models that better align with users' emotional needs. This paper comprehensively applies the three-tier theory of emotion-centric design and principal component analysis to analyze the emotional image impact factors of existing medical surgical robot product designs. It identifies the emotional factors affecting users and their corresponding design elements for the appearance of medical surgical robot products. Ultimately, this study identifies the key design elements in medical surgical robot products that influence user emotional preferences, develops design proposals, and conducts evaluations, providing a reference direction for future medical surgical robot design.

In order to streamline and summarize the status quo of human–computer interaction (HCI) design research in minimally invasive surgery robots, and to inspire and promote in-depth design research in related fields, this study utilizes literature research methods, inductive summarizing methods, and comparative analysis methods to analyze and organize the usage scenarios, users, interaction content and form, and relevant design methods of minimally invasive surgery robots, with the purpose of arriving at a review. Through a summary method, this study will obtain outcomes such as design requirements, interaction information classification, and the advantages and disadvantages of different interaction forms, and then make predictions of future trends in this field. Research findings show that the HCI design in the relevant field display a highly intelligent, human-centered, and multimodal development trend through the application of cutting-edge technology, taking full account of work efficiency and user needs. However, meanwhile, there are problems such as the absence of guidance by a systematic user knowledge framework and incomplete design evaluation factors, which need to be supplemented and improved by researchers in related fields in the future.

目的 探索协同设计理论在军事信息系统设计中的应用研究.方法 对军事信息系统设计中各流程参与者及其需求进行梳理和分析,构建军事信息系统协同设计流程,邀请被试人员进行实验和问卷,通过眼动实验数据分析信息,根据问卷数据验证数据准确性,结合两种方式评估基于协同参与的军事信息系统设计的可行性.结论 实验证明协同设计可通过提高设计流程中参与者的参与度来获取更完整的设计需求,提高军事信息系统的决策效率,优化操作体验.

Graph neural networks (GNN) demonstrate excellent performance on many graph-based tasks; however, they also impose a heavy computational burden when trained on a large-scale graph. Although various sampling methods have been proposed to speed up training GNN by shrinking the scale of the graph during training, they become unavailable if we need to perform sampling before training. In this paper, we quantify the importance of every edge for training in the graph with the extra information they convey in addition to the node features, as inspired by a manifold learning algorithm called diffusion map. Based on this calculation, we propose Graph Diffusion Sampling (GDS), a simple but effective sampling method for shrinking the size of the edge set before training. GDS prefers to sample edges with high importance, and edges dropped by GDS will never be used in the training procedure. We empirically show that GDS preserves the edges crucial for training in a variety of models (GCN, GraphSAGE, GAT, and JKNet). Compared to training on the full graph, GDS can guarantee the performance of the model while only samples a small fraction of the edges.

对特种机箱的散热孔进行设计,从形式角度梳理散热孔造型特征,从功能角度研究电子设备散热孔与造型特征间的关系,通过Icepak软件分析外观模型,计算其内部温度,设计出3种散热孔方案.结果显示:3种设计方案均满足形式美法则,其机箱内CPU监控点的温度分别为47.75,46.68,46.90℃,选择温度最低的散热孔为最佳设计方案.结果表明:散热孔的设计是外观和功能的结合,合理的散热孔形状会促进特种机箱内热量的排出,增强散热效果,设计方法可推广应用到其他相关产品设计领域.

目的 探索野外环境下便携式氢燃料电池产品设计研究.方法 以便携性、实用性和安全性为依据展开研究,共设计8种色彩搭配及5种造型方案.邀请被试人员进行实验,通过眼动实验对数据进行分析,评估便携式氢燃料电池产品设计.其中,两根钢管贯穿机身方案的可拎取自由度高,符合军备用品造型定位,还能增强产品的牢固性,是实验中的最优选择.结论 色彩设计方面,稳重、隐蔽、越野的色彩元素是为最优;交互设计方面,易学、圆润为最适合的设计模式,其对提高操作效率与功能辨识度具有一定作用.

To capture higher-order structural features, most GNN-based algorithms learn node representations incorporating k-hop neighbors' information. Due to the high time complexity of querying k-hop neighbors, most graph algorithms cannot be deployed in a giant dense temporal network to execute millisecond-level inference. This problem dramatically limits the potential of applying graph algorithms in certain areas, especially financial fraud detection. Therefore, we propose Asynchronous Propagation Attention Network, an asynchronous continuous time dynamic graph algorithm for real-time temporal graph embedding. Traditional graph models usually execute two serial operations: first graph querying and then model inference. Different from previous graph algorithms, we decouple model inference and graph computation to alleviate the damage of the heavy graph query operation to the speed of model inference. Extensive experiments demonstrate that the proposed method can achieve competitive performance while greatly improving the inference speed. The source code is published at a Github repository.

近年来,随着智能化技术的兴起,在线教育作为一种新型教育模式,也在向智能化、创新化、个性化等模式进行转变.考虑到目前已有在线教育平台的资源分布情况,多数的学习资源掌握在学习者手中,本文提出了新的以学习者为中心的智慧教育模式,强调所有资源为"我"服务,让学习者的学习过程不受有限平台资源的约束.本文利用平台已积累的学习者行为数据,为其建立个性化模型,并提供个性化的动态学习路径规划和资源推荐.进一步地,借助网络中的P2P模式的思想,提出了新模式应用场景下可行的具体实现方式、即P2P推荐,最后对整体的平台和系统进行了初步的设计,将线上线下资源有机整合,为学习者提供服务.

Practical applications of microaerial vehicle face significant challenges including imprecise localization, limited on-board energy, and motion uncertainty. This paper focuses on the latter two issues. The core of proposed energy-optimal path planning algorithm is an energy consumption model deriving from real measurements of a specific quadrotor and utilizing a 2D Gaussian distribution function to simulate the uncertainty of random drift. Based on these two models, we formulate the optimal path traversing the 3D map with minimum energy consumption using a heuristic ant colony optimization. Multiple sets of contrast experiments demonstrate the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed algorithm.

面对疫情以来的线上教学实践,探讨黑龙江省高校在线教学的发展状况,从计算机类课程的基本特点出发,分析传统课堂教学的单向性、封闭性等教学方法的不足.结合线上教学的特点和优势,提出改变教学观念,遵循以学生为中心的自主学习教学理念.结合现代教学技术,介绍线上线下混合式教学模式的构建,以重建后疫情时代计算机教学的解决方案.