In this paper, we present the results of experiments on studying the phenomena of polarization and the efficiency of charge collection in the test structures of diamond ionizing radiation detectors (IRDs) using diamond plates of various types: the single-crystal high-pressure high-temperature (HPHT)-type, single-crystal CVD-type, and the polycrystalline-type, when exposed to α-radiation with an energy of 5.5 MeV. In these studies, we demonstrate the existence of a number of problems in diamond plates of the instrumental grade that affect the performance of spectrometric detectors.

Имитационное моделирование работы алмазного детектора ионизирующих излучений

Create of questions of digital devices of demodulation and decoding of signals as a part of intelligent telecommunication satellite communication systems for the earth-based space stations providing the solution of current problems of territorial coherence considered.

Hydrocarbon pollution of wastewater is unavoidable in industry and transportation. Pollution monitoring, which forms part of environmental protection, may be based on measuring the optical density of water samples. In the present work, a device for this purpose based on a diamond UV photodetector and a nonmonochromatic UV source is described.

Automatic control, monitoring, and diagnostic systems are essential to technological progress and the improvement of machine-tool design. In turn, such systems rely on sensors, which collect information regarding mechanical quantities. Such sensors are also subject to the destabilizing physical factors that accompany machine-tool operation. In the present work, a diamond-based pressure sensor is described, and an appropriate manufacturing technology is outlined. Capacitive pressure sensors with a diamond membrane are produced and tested. The sensor characteristics are as follows: capacitance 8 pF; sensitivity 0.38 pF/kPa.

The article describes the device for selective registration of electrons, protons and heavy ions fluxes from the solar and galactic cosmic rays in the twelve energy ranges, built on a base of diamond detector. The use of the diamond detectors allowed for the creation a device for registration of cosmic particles fluxes at the external spacecraft surface with the resource not less than 20 years. Selective detector is aimed for continuous monitoring of radiation situation on board the spacecrafts, in order to predict the residual life of their work and prompt measures to actively protect the spacecraft when the flow of cosmic particles is sharply increased.

In mining, it is important to improve the precision of geophysical instruments in mineral prospecting, especially in the exploration of oil and gas fields. The possibility of creating instruments for monitoring the neutron yield of a borehole neutron generator in neutron–neutron logging systems is considered. One possibility is to employ detectors based on natural diamonds, which are a valuable resource. Their use in hightech geophysical instruments for prospecting may be regarded as a valuable step in the efficient utilization of natural resources, which is an important goal at this time. Experience shows that Russian-made diamond detectors of the proposed design are satisfactory replacements for the instruments currently used to monitor the yield of a borehole neutron generator in neutron–neutron logging systems. Tests of the detectors in the AINK-43M pulsed neutron–neutron logging system demonstrate the improved productivity and precision of the measurement system.

A diamond-based single-element ultraviolet photodetector that may be used in spectrophotometric equipment is developed. The characteristics of the spectral sensitivity of the detector as a function of the applied voltage are presented. The capabilities gained from the use of similar devices for systems used in the analysis of the composition of multicomponent mixtures are considered.

In mining, it is important to ensure effective monitoring and to improve the precision of the geophysical instruments used in mineral prospecting. The electrophysical and structural optimization of instruments for monitoring the neutron yield of borehole generators in neutron–neutron logging systems is considered. Diamond detectors have been developed and successfully employed for this purpose. The expanded use of diamonds, especially in instruments, improves the utilization of natural resources. In regular equipment for monitoring the neutron yield of borehole generators in neutron–neutron logging systems, the consequences of introducing Russian diamond detectors are studied. Specifically, the influence of the ambient parameters on the borehole instrument (temperature stability of the diamond detector in the range 20–140°C) is determined; and the linearity of the conversion characteristic of the fast-neutron monitor in the system is investigated by measuring the fluctuation of the output-signal amplitude in the range 20–140°C.

A single-element diamond-based UV photodetector that can be used for spectrophotometric facilities is demonstrated. The UV photodetector has photoelectric sensitivity depending on the value of the applied bias voltage. Experimentally obtained variable spectral responses of the photoelectric sensitivity are demonstrated. The applicability of such photodetectors for optoelectronic devices used in multicomponent spectrophotometric systems for the analysis of multicomponent mixtures is considered.

We investigate the properties of the photosensitivity spectra of the UV photodetectors based on natural diamond. The effect of the structural defects associated with nitrogen impurities to the photosensitivity is analyzed. We confirm that the polychrome light bias application enhances the photosensitivity of these detectors in the spectral range 240-340 nm due to the quasi-two-photon absorption which originates due to the complicated structure of the band gap impurity states of a natural diamond. The possibility to influence the photosensitivity spectra in the lambda<220 nm spectral range of these detectors by the polychrome light bias application is revealed.

All production processes are associated with human action on the environment. Water pollution is an inevitable consequence of economic activity and a major environmental problem. Effective monitoring of wastewater pollution is necessary to prevent the degradation of our water resources. The use of instruments based on natural diamonds to monitor water pollution is considered in the present work. The expanded utilization of natural diamonds is itself an aspect of effective resource management.

A new UV-range photodetector based on a diamond one-element photosensor has been designed, manufactured and studied. The photodetector possesses the operating range between 180 and 225 nm (the maximum is attained around 220 nm), and the threshold of sensitivity equals 8.7 × 10 −11 W/Hz 1/2 . Finally, the directions of performance improvement and possible applications of the device are discussed.

The possibility of the appearance of irreversible strongly nonequilibrium phenomena in diamond crystals with the use of algorithms of the combined wave effect is shown in principle. The experimental procedure for inducing considerable high-energy fluctuations of the exciting wave field in diamond and, as a consequence, for forming both surface and bulk dissipative structures during the effect is described. Surface structures manifest themselves as the regularity of the morphological motive of the surface layer. Bulk structures are caused by the transformation of the crystalline structure of the material. Experimental results on the purposeful transformation of the shape of diamond crystals are presented and discussed.

A method is proposed for the hydrogen heat treatment of natural and CVD-diamond crystals, which can serve as an alternative to conventional method of forming H-layer in microwave plasma of hydrogen as a simpler one and more reproducible. The boundaries of thermal stability of hydrogenated diamond surface are determined. It is shown that aluminum deposited on hydrogenated during the hydrogen heat treatment diamond surface can serve as a Schottky gate in microwave field-effect transistor made with MESFET technology.

The homoepitaxial single crystal diamond growth by microwave plasma assisted CVD at high microwave power density 200W/cm3 in a 2.45GHz MPACVD reactor using natural diamond seeds (type IIa) was investigated. The semiconductor CVD diamond of p-type was obtained by doping technique of ion implantation. Boron ions were implanted at the acceleration energy of 80keV with two cases of dose: 5·1014 and 3·1015cm−2. To recover the damage layer and activate dopants in CVD diamond the rapid annealing at nitrogen atmosphere at 1380°C was used. B-implanted diamond layer showing the mobility of 1150cm2/Vs at 300K which is the highest for ion-implanted diamond was obtained.