We here report the cloning, tissue expression, and functional analyses of the two pig vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) receptors (pVPAC1-R and pVPAC2-R). The cloned full-length pVPAC1-R and pVPAC2-R share high structural similarity with their mammalian counterparts. Functional assay revealed that the full-length pVPAC1-R and pVPAC2-R-expressed Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells could be activated by pVIP and pPACAP38 potently, indicating that pVPAC1-R and pVPAC2-R are capable of binding VIP and pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP). In addition to the identification of the transcripts encoding the two full-length receptors, multiple splice transcript variants were isolated. Comparison with the pig genome database revealed that pVPAC1-R and pVPAC2-R share a unique gene structure with 14 exons different from other vertebrates. Reverse transcription and polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assays further showed that the transcript encoding the full-length pVPAC2-R is widely expressed in all adult tissues whereas the splice variants of pVPAC1-R are predominantly expressed in all tissues instead of the transcript encoding the full-length receptor, hinting that pVPAC2-R may play more important roles than pVPAC1-R in mediating VIP and PACAP actions. Our present findings help to elucidate the important role of VIP and PACAP and promote to rethink of their species-specific physiological roles including their actions in regulation of phenotypic traits in pigs.

In this study ,using cDNA of L andrace pig brain as the template ,the full-length cDNAs of MC3R and MC4R genes have been cloned .Pig MC3R cDNA encodes a protein precursor of 319 amino acids ,which shares high amino acid sequence identity with that of human (86 .4% ) ,rat (83 .3% ) , mouse (82% ) and zebrafish(69 .7% ) .Pig MC4R cDNA is 1175 bp in length and encodes a protein pre-cursor of 332 amino acids ,w hich shares high amino acid sequence identity (>94% ) with that of mam-mals and zebrafish(69 .7% ) .Further structural analyses indicate that pig MC3R and MC4R contain typi-cal seven transmembrane domains and short extracellular (ECL) and intracellular (ICL) loops .The sub-stitution of a methionine for isoleucine (MC3R)/ Valine (MC4R) in the fifth transmembrane domain (TMD 5) also has been identified .In addition ,pig MC3R and MC4R share the PMY motif in the first ICL and 3 conserved N-linked glycosylation sites within N-terminal domain which are conserved in most MCRs .RT-PCR assay revealed that :MC3R is mainly expressed in brain and spleen with high abun-dance .While MC4R is expressed all six pig tissues examined with relatively weak signals in kidney .

家鸡生长激素释放激素（GHRH）的成熟肽段区存在一个酰胺化位点,提示具27个氨基酸残基的羧基端酰胺化多肽(cGHRH 1-27NH2 )可作为家鸡生长激素释放激素受体（GHRHR）的配体.为验证该假说,利用pGL3-CRE报告基因系统,在培养的中国仓鼠卵巢细胞中,探究人工合成cGHRH 1-27NH2 多肽对家鸡两个GHRH受体的激活潜能.结果显示:cGHRH 1-27NH2 可高效激活家鸡两个GHRH受体,并且该多肽对GHRH一型受体(cGHRHR 1 :EC 50 :0.18 nmol/L)的激活效能略高于其对GHRH二型受体(cGHRHR 2 :EC 50 :0.32 nmol/L)的激活效能.这些研究结果清楚表明GHRH 1-27NH2 可作为家鸡两个GHRH受体的配体.

本文以长白猪(Landrace)大脑cDNA为模板,克隆得到长白猪细胞因子抑制因子SOCS-3基因,并首次克隆得到长白猪SOCS-1和SOCS-4基因.此外,还利用长白猪基因组DNA为模板克隆得到SOCS-3假基因(pseudo-SOCS-3).序列分析显示:长白猪SOCS-1基因cDNA编码220个氨基酸的前体蛋白,与人、小鼠、大鼠和牛的氨基酸序列一致性分别为94%、91%、91%和94%;SOCS-3基因cDNA全长690 bp,编码229个氨基酸的前体蛋白,与人、大鼠和小鼠的氨基酸序列一致性高达94%以上;SOCS-4基因cDNA全长1404 bp,整个编码区没有内含子插入,编码441个氨基酸的前体蛋白,与人、大鼠和小鼠的氨基酸序列一致性分别为97%,89%和86%.氨基酸结构分析显示,长白猪SOCS-1,SOCS-3和SOCS-4基因都具有典型的中央SH2结构域和C末端有40个氨基酸的SOCS Box结构域;SOCS-4有长约285个氨基酸的N末端,且没有特殊的结合基序,其长末端存在的生理意义有待进一步研究.采用RT-PCR方法,对长白猪SOCS-1,SOCS-3和SOCS-4基因进行组织表达分析.结果显示它们在所有组织中都有表达.

Secretin and the secretin receptor have been reported to play an important role in regulating pancreatic water and bicarbonate secretion in mammals; however, little is known about their expression, structure, and biological functions in non-mammalian vertebrates including birds. In this study, the full-length cDNAs encoding secretin and secretin receptor have first been cloned from duodenum of adult chickens. The putative chicken secretin receptor (cSCTR) is 449 amino acids in length and shares high sequence identity (58-63%) with its mammalian counterparts. Interestingly, chicken secretin cDNA encodes not only the secretin peptide (cSCT), but also a novel secretin-like peptide (cSCT-LP), which shares high amino acid identity with chicken (56%) and mammalian (48-52%) secretin. Using a pGL3-CRE-luciferase reporter system, we further demonstrated that both cSCT (EC(50): 0.31nM) and cSCT-LP (EC(50): 1.10nM), but not other structurally-related peptides, could potently activate cSCTR expressed in CHO cells, suggesting that both peptides may function as potential ligands for cSCTR. Using RT-PCR, the expression of secretin and secretin receptor in adult chicken tissues was also examined. Secretin was detected to be predominantly expressed in small intestine, while the mRNA expression of cSCTR was restricted to several tissues including gastrointestinal tract, liver, testis, pancreas and several brain regions. Collectively, results from present study not only established a molecular basis to elucidate the physiological roles of SCT, SCT-LP and SCTR in chickens, but also provide critical insights into structural and functional changes of secretin and its receptor during vertebrate evolution.

文章通过介绍一例穿心打捞造成带放射性源的密度探头落井事故的处理,详细地叙述了密度探头打捞的方法,并分析了遇卡和探头落井的原因,对打捞带有推靠臂的仪器有一定的借鉴意义。

In the measurement process of the cement bond logging above 9.5″casing,it always appears that the casing collar locator(ccl)signal-noise ratio is low or missing.it was difficult to meet the engineering testing requirements.In this paper,we make some improvements of the magnet,coil and line,and re-make the tool through analyzing the magnet production craftwork.,We obtained satisfactory result by the actual measurements.