Nickel ferrite nanoparticles 4 nm in size were synthesized by chemical deposition. Subsequent annealing at T=700℃ for 5 h led to an increase in the particle size to 63 nm. The Mössbauer spectra and the frequency-field dependences of ferromagnetic resonance have been measured. It has been shown that freshly prepared powders are superparamagnetic at room temperature. The kinetic dependences of the heating of nanoparticles in the ferromagnetic resonance mode at a frequency of 8.9 GHz were measured. It was found that the maximum rate of temperature increase in this mode for a ferromagnetic powder is an order of magnitude greater than for the superparamagnetic state (1.2 and 0.13 K/s, respectively). The latter is determined by the saturation magnetization of the studied powders.

(Pb,Gd)3(Al,Ga)5O12:Ce3+,Eu3+ films have been grown by liquid-phase epitaxy from a supercooled high-temperature solution based on the PbO–B2O3 system. We have measured and analyzed their absorption, photoluminescence, and photoluminescence excitation spectra. The results demonstrate that there is energy transfer from Ce3+ to Eu3+, resulting in Ce3+ luminescence quenching.

The paper presents the results of a study of the effects of the "Monament-101" filler and the method of obtaining on the properties of composite granules based on polycaprolactone (PCL). DSC and X-ray diffraction analysis showed an increase in the degree of crystallinity from 52% to 67% and a slight decrease in the melting point (by 2° C) as the clay was introduced into the polymer.

Ce-doped (Pb, Gd) 3 (Al, Ga) 5 O 12 and Ce-doped (Bi, Gd)3(Al, Ga) 5 O 12 single crystalline garnet films were grown using liquid-phase epitaxy method from supercooled PbO–B 2 O 3 - and Bi 2 O 3 –B 2 O 3 -based melt solutions on substrates from Gd 3 Ga 5 O 12 , Gd 3 (Al, Ga) 5 O 12 and Y 3 Ga 5 O 12 single crystals. Optical absorption, photo- and cathodoluminescent and scintillation properties of the films were studied. Ce-doped (Pb,Gd) 3 (Al, Ga) 5 O 12 and Ce-doped (Bi, Gd) 3 (Al, Ga) 5 O 12 garnet films can be used as a fast phosphor and scintillation screens.

An alternative method for the synthesis of samples of high-temperature superconductors (HTSCs) is proposed, in which nanoscale superconducting layers should form on the surface of refractory granules of the “green phase” Ho2BaCuO5 immersed in the liquid phase BaCuO2 + CuO.

Ce-doped (Pb, Gd)3(Al, Ga)5O12 single crystalline garnet films were grown using liquid-phase epitaxy method from supercooled PbO–B2O3-based melt solutions on substrates from Gd3Ga5O12 and Gd3Al2.26Ga2.74O12 single crystals. Optical absorption and photo- and cathodoluminescent properties of these epitaxial garnet films were studied. Ce-doped (Pb, Gd)3(Al, Ga)5O12 garnet films can be used as a fast phosphor in the design of a PIF-01 electron-optical converter.

The optical absorption and photoluminescence properties of cerium-activated (Pb,Gd)3(Al,Ga)5O12 epitaxial films are studied. The films are grown on single-crystal (111)-oriented Gd3Ga5O12 substrates by liquid-phase epitaxy from supercooled PbO – B2O3 melt solutions at different concentrations of gadolinium, cerium, and aluminium oxides in the charge. The photoluminescence band of Ce3+ ions is shown to peak at 532 nm. The highest cathodoluminescence yield of about 51500 photons MeV−1 at a decay time of the slow component of 61.0 ns (light yield fraction 68%) is found for the Pb0.01Ce0.03Gd2.96Al3.14Ga1.86O12 film, grown from melt solution with gadolinium oxide, cerium oxide, and aluminium oxide concentrations of 0.4, 0.2, and 4.5 mol % in the charge, respectively. Epitaxial films with these spectroscopic characteristics are promising for application in scintillation screens.

The physicochemical properties such as the degree of crystallinity and temperature and molecularmass characteristics of a number of polyhydroxyalkanoates of various chemical composition synthesized on a complex carbon substrate by bacteria Cupriavidus eutrophus В10646 have been investigated. Two-, three-, and four-component copolymer samples have different sets and ratios of monomers with various lengths of carbon chains: 3-hydroxybutyrate (3HB), 4-hydroxybutyrate (4HB), 3-hydroxyvalerate (3HV), 3-hydroxyhexanoate (3HH), 3-hydroxy-4-methyl valerate (3H4MV), and diethylene glycol (DEG). It has been shown that weight-average molar mass М w and polydispersity vary in a wide range with no correlation existing with the composition of copolymer polyhydroxyalkanoates and that thermal stability is preserved in the temperature interval between the melting temperature and the thermal degradation temperature from 100 to 120–140°С. The composition and ratio of monomers most notably affect the degree of crystallinity of polyhydroxyalkanoates. Significant differences between the degrees of crystallinity of three- and four-component polyhydroxyalkanoates have been found for the first time. The degree of crystallinity for copolymers P(3HB/3HV/4HB) is 9–22%, and the degree of crystallinity for copolymers P(3HB/3HV/3HH) and P(3HB/3GV/3H4MV) is 41–63%; this value is close to the degree of crystallinity for diblock copolymers P(3HB)/DEG, which is 56–69%. For the four-component copolymers P(3HB/3GV/4HB/3HH), the degree of crystallinity is 30–41%. The values of М w for the copolymers P(3HB/DEG) are inhomogeneous and the polymers contain fractions uneven with respect to molecular mass: a high-molecular-mass polymer (М w from 2700 to 4900 kDa) and a low-molecular-mass polymer (М w = 46–167 kDa). For the copolymers P(3HB)/DEG and P(3HB/3HV/3H4MV), two peaks are observed in the region of melting with the gap between these peaks being 4–20°С. All of the types of copolymer samples, regardless of the monomer ratio, show an increase in elongation at break against the background of a decrease in tensile stress and Young’s modulus, with these effects being pronounced to different extents. On the whole, the properties of multicomponent polyhydroxyalkanoates differ appreciably.

New compounds of sparfloxacin (C 19 H 22 F 2 N 4 O 3 , SfH) and levofloxacin (C 18 H 20 FN 3 O 4 , LevoH) with mineral acids, namely, sparfloxacinium bromide (SfH · HBr, I) and levofloxacindium diperchlorate (LevoH · 2HClO 4 , II), have been synthesized and characterized by X-ray diffraction. Crystallographic data are a = 7.7151(7) Å, b = 26.109(3) Å, с = 10.008(1) Å, β = 103.556(1)°, V = 1959.7(3) Å 3 , space group P 2 1 / n , Z = 4 for I and a = 9.727(6) Å, b = 20.440(12) Å, с = 12.286(7) Å, β = 104.327(8)°, V = 2367(2)Å 3 , space group P 2 1 , Z = 4 for II. The structures of these compounds are stabilized by intra- and intermolecular hydrogen bonds and π–π interaction between SfH 2 + or LevoH 3 2+ ions.

The contributions at a temperature of 500 and 600 K of the chemical, elastic, vibrational, magnetic, electronic, and configurational energies to the Gibbs energy of mixing of bcc alloys without regard for the contribution of a short-range order are calculated as functions of composition and temperature using physical–empirical models. The temperature dependences of the heat capacity of an alloy in both one- and twophase states are calculated. The heat capacity jumps calculated for alloys of various compositions can be used to estimate the equilibrium solubility boundaries of Fe–Cr alloys, which can hardly be found from experimental data because of the slow diffusion processes that occur when an equilibrium state is reached. The calculated solubility boundary of bcc solid solutions and the spinodal and the heat capacity of Fe–Cr alloys are compared with the experimental data and the calculation results obtained in other works. The agreement and discrepancy between these data are discussed.

The structure of the bismuth(III) complex with N -ethylthiourea (Ettu) has been determined for the first time. We found that the crystal structure of [Bi(Ettu) 4 (ClO 4 ) 2 ]ClO 4 is built of distorted octahedral cations [Bi(Ettu–S) 4 (ClO 4 ) 2 ]ClO 4 ] + and anions ClO 4 - . The deviation of one of the two independent Ettu molecules from the plane structure is explained by the mutual repulsion of the ligands and the formation features of hydrogen bonds. The C 2 H 5 (Ettu) group is in the cis position relative to the thiocarbonyl group.

Изучено влияние ионов Al и Се на оптическое поглощение и люминесценцию монокристаллических пленок (Pb,Gd)3 - уСеуAlхGa5 - хO12, где х = 2.02, 2.09, 2.13, 2.17, 2.22 и у = 0.02, 0.06, 0.07, выращенных методом жидкофазной эпитаксии из переохлажденных растворов-расплавов на основе системы PbO B2O3 на монокристаллических подложках Gd3Ga5O12 с ориентацией (111) при концентрациях оксида алюминия 2.0, 2.1 и 2.2 мол. % и оксида церия 0.03 и 0.2 мол. % в шихте. Определен сдвиг полос поглощения уровней 5d1 и 5d2 ионов Ce3+ в зависимости от концентрации Al в пленках. Показано, что интенсивность полос люминесценции иона Се3+ увеличивается с ростом содержания Al и Се в пленках.

A series of high-temperature experiments with an electrically heated fuel assembly in a steam–argon mixture followed by rapid cooling of the assembly with water or saturated steam is analyzed. The possibility of efficiently cooling a water-heated and water-moderated reactor core, heated to high temperature during a serious accident, by flooding the core with water from the bottom is studied. The oxidation of fuel-element cladding, hydrogen release upon heating and reflooding and heat-transfer processes, characteristic for a serious accident in a reactor and determining the effectiveness of flooding as a measure to control the accident, are analyzed in detail for a single experiment. The analysis is performed using the SOKRAT/V2 software code developed for modeling measures taken to control serious accidents in VVER. Analysis of experiments shows that reflooding the core, heated in a steam medium to temperature not exceeding 2100–2200 K, can be an effective measure to stop catastrophic development of a serious accident at NPP with VVER.

We have studied the effect of Al and Ce ions on the optical absorption and luminescence of singlecrystal (Pb,Gd)3–y Ce y Al x Ga5–x O12 (x = 2.02, 2.09, 2.13, 2.17, 2.22; y = 0.02, 0.06, 0.07) films grown on (111)-oriented single-crystal Gd3Ga5O12 substrates by liquid-phase epitaxy from supercooled high-temperature solutions using solvents of the PbO–B2O3 system and growth charges containing 2.0, 2.1, or 2.2 mol % aluminum oxide and 0.03 or 0.2 mol % cerium oxide. The shift of the absorption bands of the Ce3+ 5d 1 and 5d 2 levels has been determined as a function of Al concentration in the films. The intensity of the Ce3+ luminescence bands of the films has been shown to increase with increasing Al and Ce concentrations.

An approach, which includes the application of physical-empirical models for describing the contributions to the Gibbs energy of mixing of solid solutions for binary systems, is formulated. The chemical contribution at zero temperature is represented as the difference between the chemical energy of mixing obtained by ab inito calculations and the elastic contribution of the energy of lattice distortions that is caused by the size factor, which takes into account the matrix atom displacements in the first-third coordination spheres with respect to impurity atoms. The vibrational contribution to the Gibbs energy of a solid solution is considered using the Debye model with allowance for anharmonicity in the Mie–Grüneisen approximation, the magnetic contribution to the Gibbs energy is considered using the Inden–Hillert–Jarl formalism, and the contribution of thermally excited electrons is considered using electronic specific heat. The experimental data on the Debye temperature, the Curie temperature, the average magnetic moment, Young’s modulus, the thermal expansion coefficient, and the electronic specific heat of ferromagnetic bcc Fe–Cr solid solutions are analyzed, and the approximation of these properties depending on the alloy composition is considered. The effect of temperature on the dimension factor is