-Strain K-11 was isolated from the highly saline brown semi-desert soil of the Astrakhan region. Based on analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequence, this strain was identified as Streptomyces carpaticus K-11 RCAM04697 (SCPM-O-B-9993). Whole genome sequencing of the strain was performed. Phytotoxicity, antiviral, antioxidant, antifungal, and insecticidal activities of the strain were studied. All extracts and suspensions of S. carpaticus strain RCAM04697 had plant-stimulating activity. Antiviral properties was exhibited as suppression of development and propagation of viral pathogens in laboratory conditions: Tomato mosaic virus (ToMV)-26.3%, Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV)-33.8%, Y-Potato virus (Potato Y potyvirus, PVY)-51.3%, Potato X-virus (PVX) (Potato X potyvirus, PVX)-41.3%. The highest antioxidant activity was shown by a suspension of S. carpaticus strain RCAM04697 (88.8%) and its aqueous-alcoholic (20 : 80) extract (76.0%). The strain inhibited growth of the phytopathogenic fungus Fusarium sporotrichioides to varying degrees. The insecticidal activity against Aphis fabae after 6 h of treatment was 100% in the variants with suspension treatment, water-alcohol (80 : 20, 50 : 50), methanol, and hexane extracts. The metabolites of the S. carpaticus RCAM04697 strain included flavonoids, alkaloids, glycosides, organic acids (isocitric, acetic, fumaric, lactic, pyruvic, and malic), alcohols, aldehydes, hydrocarbons, ethers, sulfur-containing compounds, and other groups of low-molecular weight organic compounds.

Barium strontium niobate films have been grown on MgO(001) substrates by single-step rf cathode sputtering of a ceramic target with the stoichiometric composition Sr0.5Ba0.5Nb2O6 in an oxygen atmosphere under various conditions (at different substrate biases). It has been shown that, depending on its polarity, the substrate bias either increases or reduces the flux of structure-forming elements to the substrate and, as a consequence, changes the growth rate, without impairing the surface morphology or surface perfection of the film or producing impurity phases. The mechanisms underlying the observed general relationships are discussed.

Bioindication studies based on morphological parameters of Tyhpa australis showed that the influence of stress ecological factor is seen not only in peculiarities of accumulation and distribution of heavy metals in plant tissues, but also, at morphological-anatomical and ultrastructural level.

This paper presents a new eco-friendly technique for the microfluidic synthesis of metal–organic framework MIL-88a in an aqueous medium at room temperature. Acetic acid as a modulator was used to control the morphology and size of the resulting particles during the synthesis. An increase of acetic acid concentration in a certain range of molar ratios leads to a decrease in the linear size of obtained particles and makes it possible to obtain a material with monodisperse porosity. The synthesized samples were comprehensively characterized by powder X-ray diffraction, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetry, and transmission electron microscopy. The porosity of the obtained materials was calculated according to the BET model, based on the data of low-temperature nitrogen adsorption.

Neurotrauma is among main causes of human disability and death. We studied effects of axotomy on ultrastructure and neuronal activity of a simple model object - an isolated crayfish stretch receptor that consists of single mechanoreceptor neurons (MRN) enwrapped by multilayer glial envelope. After isolation, MRN regularly fired until spontaneous activity cessation. Axotomy did not change significantly MRN spike amplitude and firing rate. However, the duration of neuron activity from MRN isolation to its spontaneous cessation decreased in axotomized MRN relative to intact neuron. [Ca2+] in MRN axon and soma increased 3-10 min after axotomy. Ca2+ entry through ion channels in the axolemma accelerated axotomy-stimulated firing cessation. MRN incubation with Ca2+ ionophore ionomycin accelerated MRN inactivation, whereas Ca2+-channel blocker Cd2+ prolonged firing. Activity duration of either intact, or axotomized MRN did not change in the presence of ryanodine or dantrolene, inhibitors of ryanodin-sensitive Ca2+ channels in endoplasmic reticulum. Thapsigargin, inhibitor of endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase, or its activator ochratoxin were ineffective. Ultrastructural study showed that the defect in the axon transected by thin scissors is sealed by fused axolemma, glial and collagen layers. Only the 30-50 mu m long segment completely lost microtubules and contained swelled mitochondria. The microtubular bundle remained undamaged at 300 mu m away from the axotomy site. However, mitochondria within the 200-300 mu m segment were strongly condensed and lost matrix and cristae. Glial and collagen layers exhibited greater damage. Swelling and edema of glial layers, collagen disorganization and rupture occurred within this segment. Thus, axotomy stronger damages glia/collagen envelope, axonal microtubules and mitochondria.

The article discusses the effect of copper nanoparticles on the organismic and cellular levels of spring barley organization. The toxic effect of copper nanoparticles on the morphometric parameters and plant cell structure was revealed using an electron transmission microscope.

It is shown that the boundary-value problem for a layered medium with parallel multiple cavities is reduced to the Riemann vector problem. To solve it, a factorization method is developed, which makes possible to construct the solution to be built in arbitrary approximations.

A plane dynamic problem of the second kind for the Lame equation is considered in the first quadrant. For the first time the exact solution of this boundary value problem in the form of a Packed vector block element is constructed by the block element method. A system of Two lame differential equations is considered in the boundary value problem. To solve it by the block element method, operations of external algebra, external analysis are performed and a vector block element consisting of two components is constructed. For its construction there is a problem of differential factorization of a matrix-function of the second order-coefficient of the functional equation necessary for the correct construction of pseudo-differential equations. Their solution allows you to build components of the external form and the packaged block element itself. The solution of the considered boundary value problem is of interest because it serves the purpose of substantiating the existence and investigation of the properties of cracks of a new type, where previously the antiplane problem was used for these purposes. Also, the solution of the problem is important in the development of methods for designing materials based on block elements, in the analysis of landslides, in the problems of seismology in the analysis preparation of crustal earthquakes.

Probiotic preparations are used in medical treatment and in agricultural practice. They modulate numerous activities in eukaryotic hosts, such as: inhibition of pathogenic microbiota; stimulation of immunological responses; and production of antioxidants, anti-mutagens, and DNA protectors. Also, probiotic bacteria are used as a preventive measure to prevent bacterial diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. Solid-phase fermentation is reported as being used in the production of probiotic formulations where a solid substratum, such as soy and oil meal, is utilized for the growth of beneficial microorganisms. However, there are insufficient reports in the literature related to methodological approaches enabling evaluation of the final products of solid-phase fermentation. We suggest a novel method enabling evaluation of probiotic solid-state fermentation dry powders and observation of their morphology, ultrastructure, and elucidation of the quantitative distribution of probiotic microorganisms in solid substrates using electron microscopy. •The method is intended for ultrastructure microphotography of dry substances - for example, ultrastructure of solid-phase fermentation products.•The method allows preserving the ultrastructure of substrates that are damaged when soaking.•The method does not require additional equipment and reagents and can be used in all laboratories using electron microscopy.

Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) made of iron oxides with cubic symmetry (Fe3O4, γ-Fe2O3) are demanded objects for multipurpose in biomedical applications as contrast agents for magnetic resonance imaging, magnetically driven carriers for drug delivery, and heaters in hyperthermia cancer treatment. An optimum balance between the right particle size and good magnetic response can be reached by a selection of a synthesis method and by doping with rare earth elements. Here, we present a microwave-assisted polyol synthesis of iron oxide MNPs with actual gadolinium (III) doping from 0.5 to 5.1 mol.%. The resulting MNPs have an average size of 14 nm with narrow size distribution. Their surface was covered by a glycol layer, which prevents aggregation and improves biocompatibility. The magnetic hyperthermia test was performed on 1 and 2 mg/ml aqueous colloidal solutions of MNPs and demonstrated their ability to rise the temperature by 3°C during a 20–30 min run. Therefore, the obtained Gd3+ MNPs are the promising material for biomedicine.

Experimental X-ray absorption spectra near the Fe K edge for as-synthesized MIL-88а metal–organic framework (MIL stands for Materials Institute Lavoisier) before and after activation have been obtained and analyzed for the first time. The theoretical analysis of experimental spectra has revealed changes in the local atomic structure of iron at the desorption of water from pores of the studied material in the process of activation.

Two types of surface tactile epidermal formations are identified in the bill tip organ of 11 species of lamellirostral birds. Their density arrangement and ratio in the mandible and maxilla are greater in dabbling ducks (filter-feeder species) than in herbivorous and in actively pursuing species. The length and proportions of the connective tissue tubules enclosing the encapsulated mechanoreceptors in filter-feeder species differ significantly from the others. The vibroreceptor endings are significantly more numerous in filter-feeder species and the touch endings in nonfiltering ones. The latter are smaller in the filter-feeder species. Within the walls of the connective tissue tubules, tactile epitheliocytes are registered for the first time. The structure of keratinocytes separating epidermal papillae of the bill tip organ apparently ensures their mobility. The bill tip organ is probably involved in the communication process of waterfowl.

On the basis of the analysis of the models characterizing the preparation of starting earthquakes for different types of stresses on tectonic plates and types of faults the analysis of earthquakes' beginning probabilities is implemented. This analysis may at the same time show ways to deflect them, i.e. to possibly reduce earthquake risk. It is determined that among the factors affecting the probability of the beginning and elimination of strong starting earthquakes there are such phenomena as ways to distribute stress on tectonic plates and ways to affect the edges of tectonic plates. Also, the probability of the beginning of starting earthquakes may be affected by peculiarities of faults' conditions, in particular the areas of "adhesion" of the faults' edges or their absence. Apart from that, the conditions of the lower, ground-contacting boundaries of tectonic plates may affect the nature of earthquakes.

The properties of nanomaterials based on the titanium dioxide−iron(III) oxide binary system prepared by low-temperature coprecipitation from aqueous solutions are studied. The effect of thermal treatment conditions and other factors on the process of phase formation and the properties of the synthesized products is examined. It is demonstrated that these materials have a relatively low photocatalytic activity but a high sorption capacity.

This paper describes the block element method for spatial integral equations with a difference kernel in the boundary-value problems of continuum mechanics and mathematical physics. The basis of the proposed method is the Wiener — Hopf method, whose generalization for a spatial case is called integral factorization method. The block element method is applied to solve problems in domains with piecewise smooth boundaries containing corner points. The developed method was used to solve the contact problem for a wedge-shaped stamp occupying the first quadrant. This paper describes in detail the methods of obtaining various characteristics of the solution constructed by reversing the system of one-dimensional linear integral equations typical for dynamics and static contact problems for stamps in the form of a strip.