We concentrate here on photon absorption as well as electron and positron scattering upon endohedrals that consist of a fullerenes shell and an inner atom A. The aim is to understand the effect of fullerene electron shell in formation of corresponding cross-section. We consider the problem substituting the action of a complex multiatomic fullerenes shell by a combination of static pseudopotential and dynamic polarization potential. The electron correlations in the atom A are taken into account in the frame of the random phase approximation with exchange (RPAE). We demonstrate that the fullerenes shell strongly affects the cross-sections, bringing in a number of peculiarities, such as confinement resonances and giant-endohedral resonances and partial wave Ramsauer-type minima. Numerical data are obtained for endohedrals A@C60 and A@C60@C240, where A are noble gas atoms He, Ar and Xe.

The fact that tiny coherent insertions of the semicon ductor material having a small band gap in a wide band gap matrix, or quantum dots (QDs), may completely reshape modern micro and optoelectronics became evi dent many years ago. Several competing approaches were tested on the way of practical realization of QDs, including those based on different processing techniques, on direct growth methods and on combination of both. Initially, the research was concentrated on processing techniques. The breakthrough occurred, however, when direct growth ef fects, people were initially fighting with (surface faceting, formation of islands, phase separation of alloys, etc.), were intentionally used for fabrication of nanostructures. Here I report on the history of quantum dot laser, and our experience and efforts in growth and studies of QD heterostructures at the Zhores Alferov's laboratory of Ioffe institute in close collaboration with the group of Prof. D.Bimberg at the Technical University of Berlin.

This paper presents the first cartographic reconstruction of the recent stress field for the southeastern Russian Plate and the southern Urals based on computer analysis of the extensive body of measurements of mesostructural kinematic markers. Comparison of this reconstruction with macro- and mesostructural data on the dynamics of recent dislocations at the platform leads to the following conclusions: (1) spatial variations of the stress field reflect the pressure on the platform’s lithosphere from the Caucasus-Kopet Dagh collisional orogen and the intraplate linear rise of the recent Urals, presumably related to the Central Asian collision zone; (2) when passing through the heterogeneous crust of the platform, the collision stresses were distorted: in the vertical section, compression decreased upward (especially in strike-slip-stress regime) and even gave way to extension above uplifting hanging wall of thrust faults and crests of swells; in plan view, compression (including in the strike-slip-stress regime) increased at basement uplifts; on the contrary, extension increased near syneclises, as well as lateral squeezing directed here along strike-slip faults; (3) reconstructions based on data variable in scale and type (results of macro- and mesostructural observations processed by differing statistical means with leading use of computer programs) do not contradict but supplement one another. Taken together, they represent the complete pattern of the recent stress state; (4) our results can be used for applied purposes to introduce clarity into the kinematics of the known faults, especially for revealing strike-slip offsets and how the intraplate earthquakes relate to faults and flexures of a certain kinematics. In general, they indicate that tectonodynamic analysis is promising for solving regional tectonic problems.

Предлагается новый параметр и простой альтернативный метод оценки неоднородности поверхности с использованием цифровых моделей рельефа. Этот метод может быть полезен для интегральной характеристики выделенной области и позволяет проводить количественное сравнение различных областей поверхности.

The theory of spin relaxation of conduction electrons is developed for zinc-blende-type quantum wells grown on (110)-oriented substrate. It is shown that, in asymmetric structures, the relaxation of electron spin initially oriented along the growth direction is characterized by two different lifetimes and leads to the appearance of an in-plane spin component. The magnitude and sign of the in-plane component are determined by the structure inversion asymmetry of the quantum well and can be tuned by the gate voltage. In an external magnetic field, the interplay of cyclotron motion of carriers and the Larmor precession of electron spin can result in a nonmonotonic dependence of the spin density on the magnetic field.

For the quantitative estimation of dielectric loss tangent tanδ in linear and network polymers, the calculation scheme based on the Debye theory is proposed. The calculation is performed for both polar and nonpolar dielectrics in a wide frequency interval ranging from 102 to 106 Hz. This calculation requires knowledge of only the chemical structure of a repeating unit in a linear polymer or a repeating fragment in a polymer network. Experiments on the estimation of frequency dependences of tanδ are conducted for polymer networks based on poly(urethanes) and poly(isocyanurates) of different compositions. A fair correlation between calculation and experimental data is obtained. It has been shown that tanδ tends to change with the increasing content of bulky isocyanurate network junctions that are responsible for the specific behavior of the system under the action of alternating mechanical and electric fields.

Developing of effective plasma fuelling methods for future thermonuclear reactor like ITER has special importance. One of the most attractive fusion relevant scenarios is a high plasma density regime as the fusion power depends squarely on density. Plasma accelerators, producing clean, high density, high speed plasma jets could be used for this purpose. On the other hand the problem of plasma jet accelerating to high kinetic energy has its own fundamental and application significance. Spherical tokamak Globus-M program has the density control method development as one of the main goals to achieve and maintain regimes with high and ultimately high densities. Unique technical characteristics of the machine allow the achievement of high densities [1]. Method of density control alternative to gas puffing was used and developed at Globus-M. Experiments with injection of dense fast plasma jet into the spherical tokamak Globus-M [2--4] have demonstrated the viability of such method of fuelling with minimum plasma perturbations. The results currently obtained suggest the development and injection of plasma jets with specific kinetic energies in excess of those reached in earlier study. Experiments on plasma startup with the help of the plasma gun are continued. The present report is devoted to a further development of such fuelling method.

Compact Neutral Particle Analyzer A Compact Neutral Particle Analyser (CNPA) [1], developed by the A. F. Ioffe Physical-Technical Institute, has been installed on TJ-II. The TJ-II is a 4-period, low magnetic shear, stellarator device with average minor radius !0.22 m and major radius of 1.5 m that was designed for exploring a wide range of magnetic configurations [2]. To date, central electron densities and temperatures up to 1.7!10 19 m -3 and 2 keV respectively have been achieved in plasmas created and maintained by electron cyclotron resonance heating (ECRH) (f=53.2 GHz tuned to 2nd harmonic, PECRH !600 kW, X-mode polarization). Recently, operation has commenced on one of two neutral beam injectors (NBI) each of which will produce !300 ms pulses of neutral hydrogen accelerated to !40 keV to provide up to 1.2 MW of additional heating.