Results of the analysis of specific features of solar activity, dynamics of solar cosmic ray fluxes, and state of the interplanetary medium are presented for the period December 5–18, 2006. The data analysis is based on new model concepts on coronal and interplanetary propagation of solar cosmic rays: partial capture into the magnetic field traps and oscillations at reflections from magnetic mirrors. Some new hypotheses about possible relations of the features of the interplanetary medium with processes in the Earth’s magnetosphere are put forward: the influence of the discrete interplanetary medium on processes in the Earth’s magnetosphere does exist always and, in this sense, it is a fundamental phenomenon; the discreteness of the inter-planetary medium can be one of the causes of geomagnetic substorms.

The causes of oscillation of the solar cosmic ray flux and alternating-sign anisotropy with a period of three hours to two minutes in March 1990 measured on the Granat satellite are analyzed in this paper. It is shown that they are caused by the motion of solar cosmic ray protons with the energy 1–100 MeV in loop structures of solar magnetic fields of the chromosphere and the corona transferred into the interplanetary medium by plasma of the solar wind. A model description of the observation data is presented.

The Granat spacecraft >1 MeV and >20 MeV proton flux data are used to analyse the June 4-19, 1991 complex solar cosmic ray event produced by a sequence of five large solar flares of about the same class (3B/X12) that emerged 2 to 4 days after each other from an active region located within E65-W69 heliolatitudes. The relevance of the flares to satellite-measured solar cosmic ray intensity and neutron monitor measured galactic cosmic ray modulation is noted. The heliolatitudinal effect is shown to substantially affect the propagation of solar cosmic rays and flare-induced disturbances. Short-term (similar to 0.5(d)) large-amplitude bursts of low-energy solar cosmic rays have been found which are of common characteristic features and relate in no way explicitly to the flares.