目的探讨二维及彩色多普勒血流显像在乳腺肿块良、恶性鉴别诊断中的价值。方法使用日立-6000超声诊断仪,探头频率7.5~13 MHz,仰卧位扫查诊断乳腺肿块30例,结合病理学检查结果,回顾性分析肿块的二维及彩色多普勒血流显像特征,探讨其在良、恶性病变鉴别中的价值。结果应用二维及彩色多普勒血流显像对30例乳腺肿块进行良、恶性鉴别诊断,术后证实26例符合诊断,占总数的87%。结论二维及彩色多普勒血流显像在诊断乳房肿块良、恶性方面仍是首选的检查方法之一。

1 病历介绍 患者,男,73岁,发现左腹股沟肿物,进行性增大1.5a,疼痛3d就诊.超声检查采用10～13 MHz高频探头所见:左侧腹股沟可探及2枚弱回声肿物,较大者4.0cm×2.7cm,呈类圆形,较小者形态不规则,向内下包绕尿道膜部(见图1箭头所指).肿物轮廓清晰,有包膜,内部为细网状的弱回声,后方回声轻度增强.CDFI:肿物内部及周边可探及杵状血流信号,频谱图为高速高阻的动脉血流.

Objective It is to approach the influence of gene in treatment of rabbit with degenerated cervical intervertebral discs cartilage end plate calcification.Methods 25 four-month-old New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into 5 groups: normal group,model group(shallow layer),model group(whole layer),gene group(shallow layer),gene group(shallow layer),gene group(whole layer).In all groups except for the normal group,the cervical dynamic unbalance models of rabbits were made to induce to inter vertebral disc degeneration.7 months after operation,the gene groups were infused recombinant plasmid DNA of TGF-β1 in intervertebral discs of C2—5,20 μL each disc.After the 8th months,the intervertebral discs of C4—5 was intercepted and used to evaluate the degree of degenerative intervertebral disc,and the thickness of cartilage end plate calcification layer were detected.Results Compared with control group,the thickness of cartilage end plate calcification layer in model group were inspissate significantly(P<0.01),and the calcification of cartilage end plate were suppressed in gene group(P<0.05).Conclusion The calcification of cartilage end plate is the initiating agent of the degeneration of intervertebral disc,there is a remarkably positive correlation.The gene therapy of intervertebral disc degeneration can inhibit the calcification of cartilage end plate.

Objective It is to make rabbit models of cervical vertebra disease in order to explore the changes of concentrations of IL-1β and TNF-α in cervical intervertebral disc,and to explore the effect of gene therapy on the concentrations of the cytokine in abnormal cervical intervertebral disc.Methods 25 four-month-old New Zealand rabbits(weight 2-3 kg) were randomly divided into 5 groups: normal group,shallow layer model group,whole layer model group,shallow layer gene group,whole layer gene group.In all groups except for normal group,the cervical dynamic unbalance models of rabbits were made to induce to intervertebral disc degeneration.7 months after operation,the gene groups were infused recombinant plasmid DNA of TGF-β1 in intervertebral discs of C2—5,20 μL each disc.After 8 months,the contents of IL-1β and TNF-α in cervical intervertebral discs in every group were determined with ELISA method.Results Compared with that in normal group,the contents of IL-1β and TNF-α in cervical intervertebral discs were significantly higher(P<0.01),but the contents in gene group were obviously lower than that in model group(P<0.05).Conclusion Gene therapy has a obvious inhibiting function on many kinds of cytokine and mediators of inflammation released from abnormal cervical intervertebral disc.

目的研究坐位作业人群颈椎曲度以及伸屈活动变化,比较其与工龄长短及坐位作业时间长短间的差异。方法随机抽取200例坐位作业职业人群,工作在5~30 a,男女不限,采用动态条件下X线测量颈椎曲度及屈伸活动度。结果颈曲值减少。颈椎曲度及颈椎活动度随工龄的增长而减少,随坐位作业时间增加而减少。结论颈椎曲度的变化是与单颈椎节段的不稳定有关,与调人群的工龄呈正相关。颈椎伸屈活动度的下降主要由于后伸幅度减少所致。