松辽盆地中央古隆起带南部具备良好的油气藏形成条件,是吉林油田油气风险勘探的重要领域之一.笔者综合岩芯、薄片观察,测录井资料分析,孔渗分析和三维地震解释,在大量统计分析和地质研究基础上,探讨了中央古隆起带南部基岩储层特征和油气成藏模式,提出3点认识:①基底岩性主要为花岗岩、花岗闪长岩、闪长岩、片岩、糜棱岩、变质砂岩、安山岩、凝灰岩和灰岩9种,其中花岗岩、花岗闪长岩、安山岩和片岩为成储优势岩性;②基岩主要储集空间为裂缝和溶蚀孔,储层主要发育在基岩顶面风化壳风化淋滤层和裂缝层中;③基岩油气藏可划分为近源缓坡超覆、近源陡坡对接(顺向对接和反向对接)和源内披覆(断阶披覆和背斜披覆)3类成藏模式.该研究明确了中央古隆起带南部基岩油气藏勘探方向,为有利目标区预测提供理论支撑.

目前实施的有机质丰度评价行业标准并不适用于中-高演化阶段烃源岩.为了实现此类烃源岩品质的精细分类评价,该文基于烃源岩原始生烃潜量与残余有机碳含量以及残余生烃潜量关系,建立了不同演化阶段烃源岩有机质丰度评价标准,探讨了烃源岩岩性、干酪根类型以及热演化程度对评价指标界限划分的影响.研究表明,中-高演化阶段烃源岩丰度指标划分界限明显低于行业标准,总体上表现为随热演化程度的增加评价指标界限逐渐降低,且随着有机质类型变差、评价指标界限逐渐升高的趋势.虽然碳质泥岩有机碳含量和生烃潜量要高于泥岩,属于品质较好的气源岩,但并不一定是较好的生油岩.不同含油气盆地由于烃源岩岩性、有机质类型和热演化程度存在差异,其评价指标界限难以统一,但可借鉴该文方法分别建立,为烃源岩的精细分类评价和有利区带优选提供依据.

Different pore types and variable pore structures can determine reservoir potentials of volcanic rocks. Therefore, it is of great importance to understand the pore structures of volcanic reservoirs. With the Lower Cretaceous Yingcheng volcanic rocks, this study attempts to investigate and evaluate the micro pore structures of a volcanic reservoir through: (1) measuring porosity and permeability of core samples; (2) identifying pore types within thin sections; (3) characterizing pore structures with pressure-controlled mercury injection. The Lower Cretaceous Yingcheng volcanic rocks exhibits low porosities (on average 7.39%) and very low permeability (on average 0.283 × 10−6 m2). Three major pore types were identified from the Lower Cretaceous Yingcheng volcanic reservoir, including primary pores, secondary pores and fractures. Additionally, the pore structures of the Lower Cretaceous Yingcheng volcanic reservoir can be classified into three types. Type I pore structure primarily occurs in the volcanic breccia, crystal tuff and tuffites. The corresponding pore system is dominated by primary intergranular pores, intragranular dissolved pores and devitrified micropores with porosity and permeability higher than 5.4% and 0.05 × 10−6 µm2, respectively. Corresponding mercury intrusion curves are characterized by low displacement pressure, high maximum mercury saturation and mercury withdrawal efficiency. Type II pore structure is commonly observed in the tuff and tuffites, while primary intergranular pores and secondary micropores dominate pore system with porosity of 2.5–5.4% and permeability of 0.012–0.05 × 10−6 m2. The mercury intrusion curves are similar to the type I. Type III pore structure is also pervasively developed in the crystal tuff and tuffites. Intragranular dissolved micropores are most important ones with porosity and permeability less than 2.5% and 0.01 × 10−6 m2, respectively. Different from type I and II pore structure, the mercury intrusion curves of the type III have high-displacement pressure, low maximum mercury saturation and mercury withdrawal efficiency, indicating poor reservoir quality.

从营城组、沙河子组、火石岭组建组标准剖面分析入手,综合运用岩性地层对比、生物地层对比、同位素年代对比等综合性地层对比方法,总结了松辽盆地南部深层各组段地层特征.初步确立了地层划分对比标准,对生产起到了有力的支撑作用.

The characteristics of tight sandstone reservoirs of the Denglouku Formation in the Changling Fault Sag were investigated,based on measurements normal thin-sections,cast thin-sections and cathodoluminescence thin-sections,scanning electron microscope,and X-ray diffraction of clay minerals.The reason of tight sandstone reservoirs and the controlling factors of high quality reservoir dealt with tentonic characteristics,combining sedimentary characteristics and diagenesis were analyzed.The results show that the reservoir of Denglouku Formation is a set of braided river and braided river deltaic sediments,which is comprised of feldspathic litharenitc and lithic arkose.The reservoirs in fault subsidence have all become densified.Sedimentation is the most fundamental element to form tight sandstone.The type and intensity of diagenesis are decided by lithologic character of parent rock.The compaction and cementation are the key points to form tight sandstone.The formation of high quality reservoir is controlled by a lot of elements.Sedimentary facies,particle diameter of sandstone and deep fluid dissolution are the main elements to control the distribution of high quality reservoir.

在详细研究岩心、测井以及室内化验分析等资料的基础上,结合区域构造背景,运用现代沉积学理论和方法,对东南隆起区登娄库组地层进行沉积体系类型、特征进行分析,确定该区主要发育冲积扇、扇三角洲、辫状河、辫状河三角洲、滨浅湖等沉积体系,分析了沉积体系的空间展布特征.

The Fuyu Oilfield, the first oilfield discovered in Fuxin Uplift, has been developed for 50 years, and the exploration degree is relatively higher. In recent years, more and more exploration results are obtained, with the analysis of reservoir-forming conditions of lithologic reservoirs and the application of reservoir lithology identification and modification technologies in the region. Paleouplifts developed in the Fuxin uplift zone, and "crescent-shaped" fluvial sand bodies are overlaid by a large scale, and "oil- rich sags" are distributed in the surrounding areas of the paleouplifts. So the Fuxin uplift zone has favorable conditions for the formation of super large lithology reservoirs. New oil reservoirs are discovered increasingly in the surrounding areas of the old oilfields of Fuyu and Xinli, based on the full application of the 3-D seismic reservoir prediction technology and the sedimentary microfacies technology as well as the large-scale fracturing and horizontal well technology. New layers including the Yangdachengzi layer are revealed gradually below the Fuyu Oilfield, with reserves exceeding 100 million tons.

通过对扶新隆起带北坡泉三段河流相地层开展高分辨率层序地层研究,在对短期基准面旋回相序特征和中期基准面旋回河道类型演化分析的基础上,根据基准面及河流水位的变化对研究区目的层进行了体系域的划分,并进一步建立了层序地层模式。

High frequency sequence division and correlation are conducted for the fluvial formation in the third member of Beipoquan in Fuxin uplift zone by using high resolution sequence stratigraphy theory.The system tract is divided and stratigraphic model is established for the study area according to base level cycle,river stage,fa- cies sequence of short - term base level cycle,and channel evolution of medium - term base level cycle,thus providing sequence - stratigraphic framework of isochronous significance for channel sand prediction,sedimentary mierofacies analysis and the comprehensive study of hydrocarbon accumulation.

随着5700测井新技术的不断应用,为解决更多的地质问题提供了新的手段和可能,在地质研究(如裂缝识别、地应力分析、构造分析、沉积特征等)得到了较好的地质效果,提高了勘探效益,为油气勘探做出了重要贡献.电成像测井通过图像的颜色(不同的颜色代表不同电阻率值,颜色深代表电阻率低,颜色浅代表电阻率高)来代表不同的地质意义.通过成像测井解决了比常规测井更多的地质问题,从构造形态的识别,精细有效储层研究,沉积微相研究,寻找有利的勘探、开发方向,都展示了较好的前景.通过新326井的5700成像测井的地质研究,分析认为新326井的古水流方向为北西向,结合砂岩资料,部署探井新327井经过钻探后发现砂岩向北西的确有加大的趋势,与预测达到较好的吻合.该项技术为解决地质问题开创了一种新的思路,其它地区也可以借鉴或应用.该项分析技术已经达到国内的较高水平,通过成像测井的地质分析与应用为下部探井部署井位和开发区的合理高效开发提供有利的依据.

由于构造背景、砂体的展布特征及烃源岩的分布等等因素的影响,使资源在纵向上和横向上分布不均匀.根据最新资源评价的结果,主要论述各油层的分布特征及其控制因素,并根据地质分析,结合目前勘探成果,对吉林探区中浅层的资源潜力做出评价,指出各油层的剩余资源量及其分布位置,认为松辽盆地南部中浅层资源潜力较大,前景广阔,为勘探部署提供了有效依据.