AIM:To study ischemic and/or nonspecific ECG signs of metabolic changes in the myocardium and to determine their relationship with unfavorable cardiovascular prognosis in a 7-year prospective observation of young people under 45 years of age.MATERIAL AND METHODS:A cross-sectional population survey of a random sample aged 25-44 years (n=1363) was conducted in Novosibirsk. The survey program used the standardized epidemiological Rose questionnaire. Biochemical tests were used to measure blood concentrations of total cholesterol (C), triglycerides (TG), low- and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C, HDL-C), and fasting blood plasma glucose. Systolic and diastolic BP (SBP, DBP), the presence of arterial hypertension (AH), body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), and smoking status were assessed. ECG was recorded at rest in 12 standard leads followed by interpretation according to the Minnesota Code. The presence of ischemic and/or nonspecific ECG signs of metabolic changes in the myocardium was determined. Subjects with ECG signs of ischemic changes in the myocardium were selected for long-term follow-up and additional examination by cardiologists. Then the whole cohort was monitored for 7 years, and cardiovascular events were recorded, including using data from the WHO Myocardial Infarction Registry in Novosibirsk. For statistical analysis of the results, cardiovascular events were combined into a composite endpoint.RESULTS:During 7 years, 40 people (27 men and 13 women) had an unfavorable cardiovascular prognosis. Multivariate regression analysis showed that a 7-year unfavorable cardiovascular prognosis in people younger than 45 years was associated with signs of ischemic myocardial alterations identified on the background ECG (OR 5.319, 95% CI: 1.543-18.342, p=0.008) and nonspecific ECG signs of metabolic changes in the myocardium (OR 2.978, 95% CI: 1.216-7.216, p=0.017) regardless of age, gender, the presence of arterial hypertension (AH) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2).CONCLUSION:In young people under 45 years of age, not only ECG signs of ischemic changes in the myocardium, but also nonspecific ECG signs of metabolic changes in the myocardium are associated with an unfavorable cardiovascular prognosis, directly and independently on age and gender, in a long-term, 7-year period.

Thyroid hormones play an important role in regulating metabolism. A large body of literature suggests an increased risk of developing metabolic syndrome (MS) in individuals with hypothyroidism, but little data exists on the effects of high-normal levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) on metabolism.Material and methods. The study was conducted on a representative sample of people aged 25–44 years (n = 1513, of which 840 were women). The analysis included the results of 343 women. A questionnaire, anthropometric and biochemical study were carried out. Biochemical parameters were analyzed in quartiles of TSH content. Determination of MS was carried out using the criteria of NCEP ATP III (2001), IDF (2005), VNOK (2009).Results. TSH content in the examined sample was 1.5 [1.0; 2.2] mU/l (median [lower quartile; upper quartile]). Among women 25–44 years old, women with highly normal TSH level (3.1 [2.7, 3.8] mU/l) have less favorable metabolic parameters. MS was detected in 31 % cases, with a predominant increase in the frequency of abdominal obesity – in 51 %, with increased triglyceride levels in 18 %. Women with hypertriglyceridemia had higher TSH content than those with normal triglyceride levels (2.4 ± 1.6 vs. 1.8 ± 1.3 mU/L, respectively, p = 0.007).Conclusions. In women 25–44 years of age, high-normal TSH content is more often associated with metabolic unhealth.

Нарушение липидного обмена – один из главных факторов риска развития атеросклероза у человека. В ходе полногеномных исследований ассоциаций выявлены десятки генов, варианты которых ответственны за предрасположенность к дислипидемиям. Однако многие из ассоциаций либо не подтверждаются при репликации, либо оказываются специфичными для отдельных популяций. Целью данной работы была оценка распространенности одного из наиболее плейотропных полиморфизмов генома человека – rs13107325 – в популяционной выборке подростков г. Новосибирска и анализ его ассоциации с показателями липидного обмена. В работе использовались образцы крови и данные обследования 1582 подростков, собранные в ходе стандартизированного медицинского обследования в НИИ терапии и профилактической медицины – филиале Института цитологии и генетики СО РАН. Генотипирование по rs13107325 гена SLC39A8 выполнено при помощи ПЦР в режиме реального времени, для оценки корреляции генотипов с показателями липидного обмена использовали однофакторный дисперсионный анализ. Установлено, что частота аллеля Т варианта rs13107325 (p = 0,05 ± 0,004) в европеоидной выборке Западной Сибири ниже наблюдаемой в европейских популяциях. Ассоциация с показателями липидного обмена (содержанием в сыворотке крови общего холестерина, триглицеридов и холестерина липопротеинов высокой плотности), а также индексом массы тела не обнаружена ни в целом, ни в какой-либо из групп, различавшихся периодами отбора проб и контрастными по среднему уровню потребления пищи. Данный факт может говорить о том, что вклад варианта rs13107325 в дислипидемии у подростков Западной Сибири незначителен, и средние показатели потребления пищи не влияют на пенетрантность rs13107325 в отношении нарушения липидного обмена и индекса массы тела.

Aim of the study was to investigate the association of polymorphisms of some genes with overweight and certain anthropometric and biochemical parameters in a population sample of adolescents in Novosibirsk. Material and methods. In 2019, a population-based screening of a representative sample of adolescents (609 people) was carried out in Novosibirsk. All children and their parents signed an informed consent for the examination. The study was approved by the local Ethics Committee of the Research Institute of Internal and Preventive Medicine – Branch of the Institute of Cytology and Genetics of SB RAS. During the examination, a questionnaire was filled out, anthropometric measurements were carried out, blood sampling was carried out, followed by a biochemical study. 157 people (75 boys (47.8 %), 82 girls (52.2 %)) were selected for molecular genetic analysis using tables of random numbers. The weight status of adolescents was assessed using the IOTF (International Obesity Task Force) criteria. The subsequent analysis compared 2 groups: 1st group included teenagers with weight deficiency and normal body weight), the 2nd – with overweight, obesity and extreme obesity). Results. In the general group, differences in carriers of different genotypes of the rs9939609 FTO gene were found in the level of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) ( p = 0,024). The girls with the AA rs9939609 genotype had the greatest average thickness of the skin fold in the middle third of the right shoulder. Differences were found in carriers of different genotypes rs7903146 of TCF7L2 gene in the average fasting plasma glucose (FPG) level ( p = 0,021). The average thickness of the skin fold in the middle third of the right shoulder was greater in girls carrying the CC genotype compared with carriers of the CT and TT genotypes ( p = 0,041). In separate subgroups, in carriers of different genotypes of rs10811661 CDKN2AB gene were found differences in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, FPN, and waist circumference, in nucleotide sequence variant (NSV) rs2237892 KCNQ1 gene carriers – in triglyceride, FPG, LDL-C and total cholesterol concentration, in rs1111875 HHEX gene carriers – in total cholesterol, LDL-C level, waist and hip circumference, thickness of the skin fold under the scapula, diastolic blood pressure. Conclusions. Associations of the studied NSV (rs9939609, rs7903146, rs10811661, rs2237892, rs1111875) were found in the group as a whole and in separate subgroups (with division by body mass index, gender), with anthropometric and biochemical parameters, such as total cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL-C, FPN content, diastolic blood pressure, waist and hip circumferences, thickness of the skin fold under the scapula and in the middle third of the right shoulder. There were no statistically significant differences in the frequencies of studied NVS genotypes and alleles between the 1st and 2nd groups.

Reports that the risk of developing cardiovascular diseases in obesity is not the same, led to the allocation of metabolically healthy and unhealthy phenotypes (MHP and MUHP), this concept is based on the ability of adipose tissue to produce a number of adipokines, one of which is leptin. Hormones such as thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and prolactin (PRL) are interesting from the point of view of their effect on metabolism. Aim of the study was to investigate the prevalence of MHP and MUHP in young women with different body mass index (BMI) and hormonal status (TSH, PRL, leptin) in different phenotypes. Material and methods. A group of women (n = 655) was selected from a representative sample of the Novosibirsk population aged 25–44 to study clinical and laboratory parameters. The design is a cross – sectional, observational, single – centre study. IDF, 2005 and NCEP ATP III, 2001 criteria were used to evaluate the MHP and MUHP. Results and discussion. The prevalence of MUHP in young women in Novosibirsk was 22.3 %, MHP – 77.7 % according to IDF, 2005; according to NCEP ATP III, 2001 – 13.1 and 86.9 %, respectively. The prevalence of MUHP increased with increasing BMI from 4.0 to 72.0 % according to IDF, 2005 and from 2.3 to 58.0 % according to NCEP ATP III, 2001, respectively. In obese women, MUHP was detected twice as often as MHP – 72 and 28 % according to IDF, 2005, 58 and 42 % according to NCEP ATP III, 2001. TSH and PRL do not provide information about metabolic health in young women. Leptin content is associated with BMI. The threshold value of the leptin level was 18.3 ng/ml with maximum sensitivity and specificity (Se = 53.3 %, Sp = 81.5 %), 14.5 ng/ml with equal sensitivity and specificity (Se = 65.7 %, Sp = 65.7 %). The area under ROC curve (AUC) for diagnosis of MUHP was 0.727 (SE = 0.029, p < 0.0001). Conclusion. The frequency of MHP in young women decreases with increasing BMI. MUHP is 3.5 times less common than MHP according to IDF criteria, 2005. TSH and PRL are not associated with the metabolic phenotype in young women. A leptin level more than 18.3 ng/ml has been identified as one of the markers for the recognition of MUHP in women aged 25–44 years, regardless of BMI.

The aim was to study the prevalence of some common internal diseases in young people of working and childbearing age, depending on the levels of adipokines. Materials and methods. The study included 1,340 people aged 25–44 years. The levels of leptin, adiponectin, adipsin, lipocalin-2, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), and resistin were determined by the multiplex analysis. Low-density lipoprotein hypercholesterolemia (LDL hypercholesterolemia), coronary artery disease (CAD), type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), arterial hypertension (AH), renal dysfunction (RD), and chronic bronchitis (CB) were studied. Results. With an increase in the level of adiponectin, the prevalence of CAD increased by 8.6 times. The highest quartile of the adipsin level was characterized by an increase in the prevalence of LDL hypercholesterolemia by 12.9%, AH by 3.9%, and RD by 17.9%. The quartiles of lipolkalin-2 showed higher prevalence of LDL hypercholesterolemia, AH, and RD in Q 4 compared to Q 1 . The prevalence of CB was associated with a decrease in the level of lipocalin-2 and was higher by 35.9% within Q 1 compared to Q 4 . In the quartiles of PAI-1, the prevalence of T2DM and LDL hypercholesterolemia was 2 and 1.5 times higher, respectively, and the prevalence of RD was 2.5 times lower in Q 4 than in Q 1. In quartiles of resistin, the prevalence of LDL hypercholesterolemia, AH, and RD increased by 13–38%, while the prevalence of CB decreased by 20% in Q 4, compared to Q 1 . The prevalence of LDL hypercholesterolemia and RD was higher within Q 4 of leptin. Conclusion. The results indicate the need for further research aimed at studying the molecular mechanisms underlying the effects of adipokines. This will allow to find a combined approach to restoring normal physiological levels of adipokines, which can have a positive effect in the studied internal diseases.

Aim. To study the association of interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) levels with vital exhaustion (VE) among men and women aged 25-44 years in Novosibirsk.Material and methods. At the Research Institute of Internal and Preventive Medicine (Novosibirsk), during 2013-2016, a cross-sectional survey of a random representative sample of people aged 25-44 years in one of the typical districts of Novosibirsk was carried out. A total of 975 individuals were examined (403 men, 530 women). The response rate was 71%. General examination and history collection were carried out according to standard methods included in the WHO program "MONICA-psychosocial (MOPSY)". All study participants completed the Maastricht Vital Exhaustion Questionnaire (MQ).Results. High and medium VE prevailed among women (15,7% and 40,6%) than among men (5,5% and 32,8%) (p<0,001). Median serum levels of IL-6 were high VE among both sexes 1,41 [0,70;4,60] pg/ml, compared with medium VE 1,20 [0,65;2,90] pg/ml, and low VE 1,12 [0,58;2,32] pg/ml (p<0,01), and among women with high VE 1,53 [0,72;4,33] pg/ml, compared with medium VE 1,14 [0,63;2,36] pg/ml and low VE 0,95 [0,50;1,98] pg/ml (p<0,05). Serum TNF-α was higher among women with high VE (6,01±3,23 pg/ml) than with medium VE (5,63±4,16 pg/ml) and low VE (4,95±2,85 pg/ml) (p=0,025). Mean serum MCP-1 levels among both sexes, men and women, were higher with high VE (324,55±161,89 pg/ml, 270,75±107,92 pg/ml and 338,81±171,1 pg/ml) than with medium (251,78±123,4 pg/ml, 262,46±134,9 pg/ml and 245,22±115,61 pg/ml), and low VE (227,59±101,03 pg/ml, 234,51±104,53 pg/ml and 220,17±96,81 pg/ml) (p<0,001).Conclusion. An increase in the average levels of inflammation biochemical markers (IL-6, TNF-α, MCP-1) was established in individuals 25-44 years old with a high VE.

Уровни адипоцитокинов и их ассоциации с клиниколабораторными показателями у женщин 25-44 лет с разными метаболическими фенотипамиНаучно-исследовательский институт терапии и профилактической медицины

Введение. Параметры систолического артериального давления (САД), диастолического АД (ДАД) в отношении их связи с состоянием когнитивных функций (КФ) у лиц молодого возраста остаются малоизученной областью современной медицины, представляя собой яркий контраст по сравнению с многочисленными исследованиями этих ассоциаций в старших возрастных группах [1]. Однако к настоящему времени можно считать доказанным влияние сосудистых факторов на развитие и утяжеление течения нейродегенеративных процессов [2–5]. Взаимосвязь между артериальной гипертензией (АГ), избыточной массой тела, гиперлипидемией и степенью когнитивных дисфункций в течение многих лет активно обсуждается в мировой кардиологической и неврологической литературе [6, 7]. Большинство проводившихся лонгитюдинальных когортных исследований указывает на повышенный риск различных видов КН (включая и деменции) в случае высокого САД. Кроме того, о повышенном риске различных видов деменций сообщалось даже в случаях незначительного повышения САД (менее 140 мм рт. ст.). Работами О.А. Трубниковой на российской популяции было показано, что пациенты с АГ среднего возраста по сравнению со здоровыми лицами того же возраста имеют более низкие объемы паттернов памяти, внимания, мышления и нейродинамики. Показана U-образная зависимость между степенью когнитивных нарушений и длительностью анамнеза АГ [8].

The development of atherosclerotic diseases is pathogenetically associated with an increase in insulin resistance, an indirect marker of which is the C-peptide. In addition, literature data indicate the intrinsic proatherogenic effects of C-peptide. In recent years, the concept of separating metabolically healthy (MHP) and unhealthy phenotype (MUHP) at different body weights has become increasingly widespread. It believed that the key difference between MHP and MUHP is the more pronounced insulin resistance in the latter, but there are no clear data on the association of C-peptide with MHP or MUHP. Aim of the study was to investigate the association of C-peptide level with different metabolic phenotypes in women aged 25–44 years. Material and methods. The study was conducted on the basis of a representative sample of women aged 25–44 years (n = 1513, of which 840 women). The analysis included indicators of 655 women. The definition of MHP and MUHP carried out using the IDF criteria, 2005 for the diagnosis of metabolic syndrome. Anthropometric measurements, biochemical and hormonal blood tests have been carried out in groups divided by the body mass index (BMI). The level of C-peptide was determined by the method of multiplex analysis. Results. C-peptide content in the examined sample was 0.9 [0.5; 1.3] ng/ml (Me [Q1; Q3]), with MHP – 0.8 [0.5; 1.1] ng/ml, with MUHP – 1.3 [0.7; 1.8] ng/ml, p < 0.0001. With an increase in BMI, the median of C-peptide increased both in MHP (from 0.8 [0.4; 1.1] to 1.2 [0.8; 1.7] ng/mL, ptrend < 0.0001) and with MUHP (from 0.8 [0.2; 1.2] to 1.5 [0.9; 2.1] ng/mL, ptrend = 0.006). The frequency of MUHP in the 4th quartile of the C-peptide is 2.7 times higher than in the 1st quartile (p < 0.0001), and the frequency of MHP – 1.6 times lower (p = 0.001). C-peptide content correlated with anthropometric parameters, glucose, lipid concentration, transaminase activity, kidney filtration capacity. A C-peptide level of more than 1.33 in young women indicates a high probability of having MUHP with maximum sensitivity and specificity (Se = 49.3 %, Sp = 85.9 %). Conclusions. In women with MUHP, C-peptide content is 38.5 % higher than in women with MHP. The frequency of MUHP in the 4th quartile of the C-peptide is 3.2 times higher than in the 1st quartile. The level of C-peptide above 1.33 ng/ml is associated with the presence of MUHP.

AIM : To study anthropometric, biochemical and hormonal characteristics of women aged 25-44 with different levels of thyroid- stimulating hormone, prolactin and leptin. MATERIALS AND METHODS : From a representative sample of the young population of the Oktyabrsky district of Novosibirsk aged 25-44 years (840 women), a group of women (n=655) was selected to study cardiometabolic and hormonal parameters. The design of the study was a cross-sectional, observational, single-centre study. All participants underwent determination of anthropometric parameters (weight, measurement of waist circumference (WC) and hips (HC), calculation of BMI), systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP, DBP), biochemical parameters (total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ( HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), triglycerides (TG), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), creatinine, calculation of glomerular filtration rate (GFR).Statistical processing was carried out using the SPSS-13 package. RESULTS : The study included 655 women, mean age 36.3±5.4 years, mean BMI 25.0±5.7 kg/m2. Young women showed direct associations of TSH with HC (r=0.115, p<0.05), TG (r=0.145, p<0.010) and inverse association with GFR (r=-0.129, p<0.05). PRL is inversely associated with HC (r=-0.109, p<0.05). Of all the studied hormones, leptin is most associated with anthropometric and biochemical parameters in young women. Thus, leptin is directly associated with WC (r=0.562, p<0.0001), HC (r=0.589, p<0.0001), WC/HC index (r=0.309, p<0.0001), BMI ( r=0.582, p<0.0001), as well as levels of SBP (r=0.293, p<0.0001), DBP (r=0.274, p<0.0001), TC (r=0.123, p=0.018), TG (r=0.234, p<0.0001), FPG (r=0.150, p=0.004), inversely related to HDL-C (r=-0.225, p<0.0001). CONCLUSION : The metabolic status of women aged 25-44 is associated with the level of TSH, leptin. It is advisable to determine TSH, leptin in young women with abdominal obesity for the purpose of dynamic monitoring and correction.

The aim of the study was to provide a population assessment of cognitive impairment patterns in a representative sample of 25–44 year old men and women living in Western Siberia with metabolic syndrome (MS). The aim of the study is to study the features of the interrelationships of conventional and nonconventional risk factors for cardiovascular diseases (RF CVD), molecular genetic markers with the state of cognitive functions (CF), objective–subjective index of CF in an open population in persons aged 14–17, 25–44 years (Novosibirsk). Material and methods: A singlestage population survey of a random representative sample of 25–44 year olds of both sexes (1503 people) permanently residing in Western Siberia (Novosibirsk) was performed. The study of the state of cognitive functions was conducted in 1009 people: 463 men (45.9 %) and 546 women (54.1 %). The object of the study was random representative samples of the population of Novosibirsk, formed during the screenings of the NIITPM branch of the ICIG SB RAS. The paper uses materials from a one-stage population survey of adolescents (screenings 2009–2010 and 2019) and persons aged 25–44 years (screening 2013–2016). According to the methods standardized during the screening, the following were performed: a 10-word memorization test, a proof-reading test, and a concept exclusion test. Anthropometric measurements were carried out. Determination of the levels of lipid fractions was carried out according to standardized methods. Genotyping of rs2464196 HNF1A and rs11212617 ATM was carried out using real-time PCR. Results. In the examined samples of Novosibirsk residents aged 14–17 and 25–44 years, statistically significant negative associations of RF CVD with neurodynamic CF were observed. Proatherogenic conventional RF CVD had a negative impact on attention and thinking patterns (among the most significant were the content of total cholesterol (odds ratio (OR) 0.996; 95 % confidence interval (95 % CI) 0.993–1,000; p = 0.043), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (OR 0.994; 95 % CI 0.990–0.998; p = 0.002)). The factors reducing the risk of deterioration of CF in 25–44 year olds were the presence of higher education (OR 2,350; 95 % CI 1,442–3,828; p = 0.001), female (OR 2,068; 95 % CI 1,552–2,754; p < 0.0001). In the cohort analysis, it was revealed that the studied conventional RF CVD undergo statistically significant changes in the direction of their increase during adulthood over the past 5 years (p < 0.05). It was shown that metabolic syndrome (MS) occurred in every fourth person tested for CF (26.06 %), while the values of cognitive tests were higher in people without MS compared to those who were diagnosed with MS (p < 0,05). Smoking had a negative effect on the memory pattern, causing a deterioration in the memorization of words (OR 1,071; 95 % CI 1,012–1,133); (p = 0.017). The deterioration of memory, attention and thinking patterns in the presence of workplace stress and low professional status, – important unconventional RF CVD, – has been established (p < 0.05)). Conclusion. In the open population of adolescents and young people (25–44 years old), a statistically significant deterioration of cognitive patterns was found in the presence of the studied conventional and non-conventional RF CVD.

Background and Aims : The study is about the prevalence of abdominal obesity (AO) in the 25-44 years population of Novosibirsk, as well as the prevalence of therapeutic diseases and pathological conditions in individuals with AO.

The high prevalence of arterial hypertension (AH) among the adult population of many countries of the civilized world, incl. Russia (about 40% among people of working age) indicates the need for early detection and prevention of this disease. Assessment of blood pressure (BP) levels in adolescence presents certain methodological difficulties. To date, 3 guidelines based on the results of large population studies of children and adolescents have been developed in the world pediatric practice. However, the application of these guidelines is still not consistent, especially regarding the assessment of BP levels in adolescence.Objective. To study the prevalence and trends of elevated BP levels, including AH, among adolescents aged 14–18 years in Novosibirsk using the main international definitions.Design and methods. In one of the districts of Novosibirsk, cross-sectional population surveys of random representative samples of schoolchildren aged 14–18 years of both sexes were carried out with an interval of 5 years. Seven screenings were carried out from 1989 to 2019, 4579 adolescents were examined. The study program for adolescents was the same for all screenings and included standard questionnaire, measurement of BP by auscultatory method, anthropometry (height, body weight, chest circumference, waist and hips), the study of nutrition by the 24-h dietary recall method, collection of family history by postal parental interviews, biochemical blood tests. BP was measured twice with an interval of 2–3 minutes (before and after filling out the questionnaire), in a sitting position, on the right arm, with an aneroid sphygmomanometer. Systolic BP was recorded with the appearance of the first Korotkoff tone (I phase), diastolic BP — with the disappearance of the tones (V phase). The average of two measurements was included in the analysis. The prevalence of elevated BP levels was assessed using international criteria. To date, several guidelines have been proposed for the diagnosis of elevated BP and AH in adolescence, using both the percentile method (4th report of NHBPEP 2004) and the methods of fixed (AAP 2017) and mixed criteria (ESH 2016 / Russian recommendations 2020). Statistical analysis was performed using the SPSS package for Windows 13,5.Results. The frequency of prehypertension according to the criteria of the 4th report was 40,3% among boys and 26,4% among girls (P < 0,05), the frequency of elevated BP according to the AAP 2017 criteria was 20,4 % and 12,5% in boys and girls, respectively (P < 0,05), the prevalence of high normal BP was 24,6% and 13,5% (P < 0,05) according to the ESH 2016 criteria. The frequency of AH syndrome according to the AAP 2017 criteria was significantly higher when using 4th report definitions and ESH 2016. According to the criteria of 3 different guidelines, there were a fluctual trends of AH in adolescents in Novosibirsk over a 30-year period, without a pronounced trend to decrease or increase. The prevalence of AH according to the AAP 2017 criteria was 2–3 times higher than when using percentiles (4th report) or mixed (percentiles + fixed cut-off points) European criteria (ESH 2016) during all the period.Conclusions. Long-term population studies of adolescents aged 14–18 in Novosibirsk made it possible to study the frequency and trends of elevated levels of BP and AH syndrome in adolescence and to conduct a comparative study of a number of international and domestic criteria.

Highlights. The association of single nucleotide polymorphic variants rs12143842 and rs4657139 of the NOS1AP gene with the duration of the QT interval was found in men of the Siberian population. Aim. To study the association of single nucleotide variants rs12143842 and rs4657139 of the NOS1AP gene with the duration of the QT interval. Methods. The study sample of men (1353 people) aged 25–69 years was formed from the DNA bank of participants in the international HAPIEE project and screening of young people 25–44 years old, residents of Novosibirsk. From each age subgroup (25–29, 30–34, …, 65–69 years old), about 10–15% of men with the shortest, average and longest QT interval were selected and the corresponding groups were formed. Genotyping of rs4657139 was carried out using PCR with RFLP (polymerase chain reaction followed by restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis). Genotyping rs12143842 – using RT-PCR (real-time polymerase chain reaction). Results. At the age of over 50 years, the CC genotype rs12143842 was detected in 66.1% of men in the group with a short and average QT interval and in 50.6% in the group with a long QT interval, while the TT genotype prevailed in the group with a long QT interval, 10, 8% of cases (odds ratio (OR) = 3.345, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.149–9.739, p = 0.02). The homozygous TT genotype rs4657139 was more common in the long QT group, in 20.1% of cases, while the AA and AT genotypes predominated in the short, average QT groups (p = 0.041). A similar trend persists when separating by age in people over 50 years of age (p = 0.031) and when comparing genotype frequencies in the long and average QT groups in the model TT vs AA + AT & long QT vs short + average QT (p = 0.003). Conclusion. Single nucleotide variants rs12143842 and rs4657139 of the NOS1AP gene are associated with the duration of the QT interval in male residents of Novosibirsk.

Highlights. Probably causal mutations of QT interval prolongation in genes associated with LQTS were found in men of the Siberian population.Aim. To detect and study mutations in individuals with borderline prolongation of the QT interval in Siberian males.Methods. The study was conducted on the material of the international project HAPIEE in the period from 2003 to 2005 and screening of young people aged 25–44, performed in Novosibirsk. The total sample of men was 1353 people aged 25 to 69 years. From each age subgroup (25–29, 30–34, ..., 65–69 years old) 2–3 samples with the highest QT values were selected . The study group consisted of 30 men who subsequently underwent sequencing of a panel of genes. The search for mutations was carried out in genes associated with long QT syndrome (LQTS): KCNQ1, KCNH2, SCN5A, KCNE1, KCNE2, KCNJ2, CACNA1, SCN4B, KCNJ5, ANK2, CAV3, SNTA1, AKAP9, CALM1 and CALM2. All identified single nucleotide variants were verified by direct Sanger sequencing.Results. Three rare variants in the LQTS genes have been identified: p.P197L of the KCNQ1 gene, p.R176W, and p.D1003GfsX116 of the KCNH2 gene.Conclusion. In Caucasian men from the Novosibirsk population with borderline prolongation of the QT interval, probably causal substitutions in the LQTS genes – KCNH2 and KCNQ1, contributing to the prolongation of the QT interval, were found. To clarify the spectrum and frequency of occurrence of various mutations in genes, life-threatening arrhythmias in the population, additional studies are needed on extended samples.

Objective: to establish associations of cognitive functions (CFs) and professional level in an open population of Novosibirsk aged 25–44 years.Patients and methods. The subject of the study was a random representative sample of one of the Novosibirsk districts population aged 25–44 years (463 men, mean age 35.94±5.957 years, and 546 women, mean age 36.17±5.997 years) in 2013–2016. CFs were screened using: A.R. Luria 10 words learning task – immediate and delayed recall after the interfering task; Bourdon Test (BT); exclusion of “the fifth extra” test; verbal fluency test (naming animals in 1 min). Education level and professional status were assessed according to the criteria of the WHO international program MONICA protocol.Results and discussion. The analysis showed that the management and engineering and technical staff (ETS) coped significantly better with cognitive tests than manual labor workers. The analysis of memory using the A.R. Luria test showed that the differences in the first recall of 10 words between manual labor workers and managers reached 0.849 words, in the mean number of correctly remembered words it reached 0.735 words, and in delayed recall – 1.096 words (p<0.05). Attention assessment using BT revealed that the number of letters crossed out in 1 min was higher among the management staff compared to the manual labor workers, reaching 4.978 characters (p<0.05). ETS scores in this test were close to the management staff scores (p<0,0001). Also, a tendency to a smaller number of mistakes made by managers and ETS compared to workers was revealed in the BT. In the analysis of semantic associations in the verbal fluency test the differences in the number of animals named per 1 min reached 3.007 animals between manual labor workers and managers. Similar differences were observed between manual labor workers and ETS (p<0.05). Abstract reasoning evaluation using the “the fifth extra” test showed that managers and ETS excluded a greater number of words that did not correspond to the logical series (i.e., they showed the best result in this test) than manual labor workers (p<0.05). ETS and management staff showed best performance in cognitive tests compared to manual labor workers of the same educational level.Conclusion. A quantitative association has been established between a low professional level, level of education and a decrease in cognitive functions among people aged 25–44 years.

The aim of the study was to investigate the relationship between the level of risk factors (RF) of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and chronic non-communicable diseases (NCD) and their changes over 9 years with the dynamics of indicators of cognitive function (CF) in an ageing population. Material and methods. The study was based on a random population sample of men and women aged 45–69 years old examined at baseline in 2003–2005 (n = 9360, Novosibirsk, HAPIEE project). Present analysis included a subsample of persons with repeated CF measurements (n = 3153). The average follow-up period was 9.2 ± 0.7 years (from 47–74 to 55–84 years). Repeated measurements of RF, history and treatment of CVD and NCDs, indicators of CF (memory, semantic verbal fluency, attention and processing speed) were done. The associations between 9-year regression of CF and the baseline level of RF and their 9-year dynamics were evaluated in linear and logistic regression. Results. In the studied population sample the extent of 9-year regress of CFs was associated with baseline high level of systolic blood pressure (p = 0.005) and fasting blood glucose (FG) (p = 0.003), low body mass index (BMI) (p = 0.011) in men and smoking (p = 0.037) in women aged 47–74 years old. Regarding the difference between baseline and prospective level of RF in 9 years, the regress of CF was associated with decrease of total cholesterol value (p = 0.027), continued smoking (p = 0.032) in men, decrease of BMI (p = 0.024 and p = 0.012) in women decrease of the average dose of alcohol per session (p = 0.005 and p = 0.014) in women, and increase of the average dose of alcohol in men (p = 0.049). Independent predictors of low prospective value of different CF scores at age of 55–84, were the baseline level of FG above 5.95 mmol/l (p = 0.013 and p = 0.044), the level of BMI equal or lower 24.2 kg/m2 (p = 0.016 and p = 0.023), former smoking (p = 0.007) in men, and non-drinking status in women (p = 0.005 and p = 0.004). Conclusions. In studied population we identified the associations between modifiable risk factors of CVD and chronic NCD and their changes during 9-year follow-up, and the extent of age-related regress of CF. These findings might have an implication in prevention of cognitive impairment.

The study was devoted to the study of the prevalence of hypercholesterolemia (hyper-Chol) and hypercholesterolemia of low density lipoproteins (hyper-LDL-C) against the background of abdominal obesity (AO) in a population aged 25–44 years in Novosibirsk. Material and methods. A crosssectional survey of the population aged 25–44 years in Novosibirsk (Russia) was carried out. 1415 people were examined, including 670 men (47.3 %) and 745 women (52.7 %), pregnant women or being on maternity leave were not included in the study). All subjects were assessed for the presence of AO, hyper-Chol and hyper-LDL-C. Results. Individuals with AO had higher average values of total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol. The prevalence of hyper-Chol in individuals with AO was 1.3 times higher and hyper-LDL-C – 1.2 times higher than in individuals without AO. In women with AO, the prevalence of hyper-Chol was 1.2 times higher and hyper-LDL-C – 1.3 times higher than in women without AO. In men with AO, the prevalence of hyper-Chol was 1.4 times higher and hyper-LDL-C – 1.2 times higher than in men without AO. When conducting logistic regression analysis, it was found that in a young population under 45 years of age, abdominal obesity was significantly associated with the presence of atherogenic hypercholesterolemia in both sexes. In men, significant associations of AO with both hyper-Chol and hyper-LDL-C were noted, in women – only with hyper-LDL-C. Conclusions. A population study of young people (25–44 years old) revealed associations of atherogenic hypercholesterolemia with abdominal obesity.