水稻( Oryza sativa? L.)是亚洲主要粮食作物.我国是水稻原产地之一,种植历史悠久.武陵山区包括湖南、湖北、重庆、贵州、四川相邻的一些山地.该地是我国扶贫攻坚的重点地区,分布有一定数量的富硒地区,发展水稻富硒种植对于发展当地经济有着积极意义.硒是人体必须的营养元素,它具有增强人体免疫力、防癌抗癌、提高机体抗氧化等多种功能,对人体健康起着重要作用.由于土壤中的硒含量不均匀,仅靠水稻吸收土壤中的硒元素难以达到富硒标准,通过对叶片喷施硒源,使其在水稻植株体内转化为有机硒便成了一个应用范围较广的技术.达到富硒标准的稻谷用途更广,更受市场欢迎,比普通水稻增值20％～50％,发展前景可观.水稻富硒种植中应掌握以下技术环节.

硒是人体必须的营养元素,它具有增强人体免疫力、防癌抗癌、提高机体抗氧化等多种功能,对人体健康起着非常重要的作用.玉米富硒是利用玉米生长过程中吸收环境中的硒资源,达到籽粒富含一定含量有机硒的生产过程.由于土壤中的硒含量不均匀,仅靠玉米吸收土壤中的硒元素难以达到籽粒的富硒标准,通过对叶片喷施硒源,使其在玉米植株体内转化为能够被人体吸收的有机硒,再富集到玉米籽粒中的技术便成了一个应用范围较广的技术.达到富硒标准的玉米可以作为生产富硒食品的原料及发展富硒养殖业的饲料,其售价比常规玉米高20％左右,增效明显,发展前景可观.西南山地是我国玉米的重要产区之一,积极发展玉米富硒生产,对于促进玉米产业健康发展,增加农民收入具有重要意义.玉米富硒种植过程中应掌握以下关键技术.

魔芋(AmorphophallusrivieriDurieu),又名鬼芋、南星、花杆莲等.属天南星科,岩芋属,是多年生草本,其块茎扁球型,暗红褐色,顶部中央下凹;魔芋的经济产品为下部膨大的块茎,含有丰富的营养物质,可作食用,还广泛的在工业上用作原材料.魔芋喜疏松肥沃的土壤,耐阴,不喜阳光直射,自然生长于疏林、房前屋后、田边地角等半阴半阳的湿润地.

In this research, the current situation of the cadmium content in the agriculture bases of tea, rice, golden thread, and vegetables were studied, by field studies and indoor experiments, for providing scientific methods for security production of agricultural commodity in Lichuan. The results showed that the soil of agriculture bases in Lichuan had overdose cadmium. Although the irrigation water had lower cadmium content and the fertilizer was also up to standard, some of fertilizer, such as calcium superphosphate, still had higher cadmium content. That was the reason why the high cadmium content of soil was directly related to the overuse of phosphate fertilizer. In addition, it also indicated that the cadmium content of the same field crops and that of soil shared a positive correlation trend. Therefore, the main reason for high cadmium content in agricultural products resulted from the relatively high content cadmium in soil.

Konjak is an important economic plant in south-western China. The main cultivated species are Amorphophallus konjac and A.albus,which only grow one leaf in one year. This biological feature become a bottleneck to increase thekonjak production. In this paper,a new resource of A.konjac in Lichuan,Hubei Province,which showed multi-leaf phenomenon in a considerablely high level,was reported. This new resource could be the useful material for multi-leaf konjakbreeding.

Based on the 3414 fertilizer effect experiment in Lichuan city,the effects of N,P and K fertilizer on Amorphophallus konjac were studied;different fertilizer models(three-factor model and one-factor model) were built.The results showed that balanced fertilization effectively increase the yield of konjac,excessive fertilization especially P lead to low yield.According to experimental soil properties,the balance fertilizer rate was as follows:N fertilizer 354 kg/hm2,P2O5 fertilizer 34.5 kg/hm2,and K2O fertilizer 51 kg/hm2,the optimum yield is 11 446.5 kg/hm2.