This paper depicts the distribution of the Wushenqi paleo-uplift in the Ordos Basin by using the latest drilling and seismic data, and analyzes the tectonic evolution of the paleo-uplift with the support of Bischke curve and balanced section. The compressional Wushenqi paleo-uplift which developed in the Early Caledonian orogeny (Huaiyuan orogeny) is approximately a ellipse extending in S-N direction. Its long axis is about 194 km and short axis is about 55–94 km in nearly W-E direction. The denudation thickness and area of the Cambrian in the core are 170–196 m and 11 298 kmbrespectively. It was mainly formed during the Huaiyuan orogeny according to the chronostratigraphic framework. It was in the embryonic stage in the Middle–Late Cambrian, denuded after developed obviously at the end of Late Cambrian. The paleo-uplift of the 3rd member of the Ordovician Majiagou Formation was reactivated and reduced in area. In the sedimentary period of the Ma4 Member–pre-Carboniferous, the paleo-uplift experienced non-uniform uplift and denudation. It entered the stable period of burial and preservation in the Carboniferous and later period. The Wushenqi paleo-uplift was formed on the weak area of the basement and tectonic belts, into an compressional structure with irregular morphology, under the control of the non-coaxial compression in the south and north and the stress transmitted by the uplift in the basin. The Wushenqi paleo-uplift has a controlling effect on the sedimentary reservoirs and hydrocarbon accumulation.

顺北5号走滑断裂带,以独特的"纵向分层、走向分段、多期构造叠加"为典型的宏观构造特征.因其构造变形的复杂性,准确掌握其构造特征,进而重建其构造叠加演化历史仍然是一个关键命题,这对于理解走滑断裂带时-空演化过程具有重要意义.研究以深钻井和高精度三维地震资料为基础,通过剖面、层面构造解析与剖面构造回剥反演,对顺北5号带北-中段构造变形特征与多期构造叠加变形时-空序列进行精细、全面的研究,得出如下结论:(1)深部(震旦系至中奥陶统)主剪切带内,不同层系构造特征差异显著,沿断裂带走向构造变形显著分段,在纵向、走向两个维度都表现出显著的应力-应变局部化特征.(2)浅部碎屑岩层内(上奥陶统至石炭系),发育走滑相关褶皱变形和三套雁列正断层组.三套雁列正断层组上下叠置、多期叠加变形.其中,第一、第二雁列正断层组与发育在同一层系的走滑相关压扭背斜分别同期耦合变形.(3)顺北5号带北-中段经历了初始破裂期(中奥陶世末-晚奥陶世初)、构造雏形期(桑塔木组沉积早-中期)、构造大发展期(柯坪塔格组沉积期)、构造继承性活动期(塔塔埃尔塔格组沉积中后期至东河塘组沉积前)、剪切方向反转期(晚石炭世-二叠纪)等5个阶段的构造叠加演化历史.

为深化塔里木盆地小滑移距走滑断裂的几何学特征及成因机制认识,利用最新三维地震与井资料,详细解剖顺南地区18号走滑断裂带构造特征,讨论成因机制.该断裂带纵横比1∶10,且中间长、上下短;在平面上发育双重构造、马尾扇、左阶与右阶雁列等构造样式,在剖面上发育花状、地堑等构造样式;断层性质各异,断距差异大,断层间以软连接为主,硬连接次之;断裂带在不同构造层的分段特征具有继承性与差异性,在平面的不同位置纵向构造样式组合差异大.受先存断裂、地层能干性差异、多期次不同走滑活动的影响,断裂带在早寒武世末期已初步形成,在晚奥陶世早期与末期分别发生右行、左行走滑活动,此期间南部与北部的活动强度较弱,对应的马尾扇、走滑双重构造逐渐定型,中部走滑活动较强,且在上奥陶统能干性频繁变化处发育似花状构造;志留世末-早石炭世前在断裂带北部发生较强的左行走滑活动,促进断层的侧向硬连接,晚石炭世末期在断裂带中部发生较弱的右行走滑活动,促进似花状构造的继续发育,且此2次走滑活动在能干性相对较弱的碎屑岩地层形成雁列.

Vertical differential structural deformation(VDSD),one of the most significant structural characteristics of strike-slip fault zones(SSFZs)in the Shunbei area,is crucial for understanding deformation in the SSFZ and its hydrocarbon accumulation significance.Based on drilling data and high-precision 3-D seismic data,we analyzed the geometric and kinematic characteristics of the SSFZs in the Shunbei area.Coupled with the stratification of the rock mechanism,the structural deformations of these SSFZs in different formations were differentiated and divided into four deformation layers.According to comprehensive structural interpretations and comparisons,three integrated 3-D structural models could describe the VDSD of these SSFZs.The time-space coupling of the material basis(rock mechanism stratification),changing dynamic conditions(e.g.,changing stress-strain states),and special deformation mechanism of the en echelon normal fault array uniformly controlled the formation of the VDSD in the SSFZs of the Shunbei area.The VDSD of the SSFZs in this area controlled the entire hydrocarbon accumulation process.Multi-stage structural superimposing deformation influenced the hydrocarbon migration,accumulation,distribution,preservation,and secondary adjustments.

塔里木盆地中部深层、超深层是目前油气勘探的重要领域.随着油气勘探向超深层推进,早期建立的对波组特征及其地质意义的认识已经不能满足需要,迫切需要进行系统性的重新认识.基于最新的超深井实钻资料和高精度三维地震资料,通过合成地震记录井-震标定及连井地震大剖面追踪解释,对深层、超深层地震反射波组进行了准确标定,明确其地层含义并厘定了关键标志层.同时重点对中寒武统含膏岩系盖层、中、下寒武统生-储-盖组合及顺托果勒地区"串珠"反射等关乎超深层油气勘探的重点问题展开了进一步探讨,表明:①盆地中部以下古生界为主的深层、超深层整体上具有"六强、七弱、三中等、一杂乱"的地震反射波组特征,与地层岩性、地层速度的纵向分层特征一致.②中寒武统膏盐岩增强了地层波速的垂向非均一性,膏盐岩含量越高,地震反射波组振幅越强.中寒武统膏盐岩含量存在区域分布差异:塔中膏盐岩含量最高;轮南低凸起轮探1井区不发育纯膏盐岩;顺托果勒及顺南地区,中寒武统膏岩盐主要发在育沙依里克组,以强振幅反射波组和"云雾状"反射波组的局部增厚、褶皱变形或断层错断处显著减薄等现象为识别标志.③中、下寒武统生-储-盖组合广泛分布于塔北南斜坡、顺托果勒低隆及顺南地区,塔中局部地区烃源岩和储层条件较差.④在顺托果勒地区存在3种类型的"串珠"反射.

Well Zhongqiu 1 obtained highly productive oil-gas stream in the footwall of Zhongqiu structure, marking the strategic breakthrough of Qiulitag structural belt in the Tarim Basin. However, the oil and gas sources in Zhongqiu structural belt and the reservoir formation process in Zhongqiu 1 trap remain unclear, so study on these issues may provide important basis for the next step of oil and gas exploration and deployment in Qiulitage structural belt. In this study, a systematic correlation of oil and gas source in Well Zhongqiu 1 has been carried out. The oil in Well Zhongqiu 1 is derived from Triassic lacustrine mudstone, while the gas is a typical coal-derived gas and mainly from Jurassic coal measures. The oil charging in Well Zhongqiu 1 mainly took place during the sedimentary period from Jidike Formation to Kangcun Formation in Neogene, and the oil was mainly contributed by Triassic source rock; large-scale natural gas charging occurred in the sedimentary period of Kuqa Formation in Neogene, and the coal-derived gas generated in the late Jurassic caused large-scale gas invasion to the early Triassic crude oil reservoirs. The Zhongqiu 1 trap was formed earlier than or at the same period as the hydrocarbon generation and expulsion period of Triassic-Jurassic source rocks. Active faults provided paths for hydrocarbon migration. The source rocks-faults-traps matched well in time and space. Traps in the footwall of the Zhongqiu structural fault have similar reservoir-forming conditions with the Zhongqiu 1 trap, so they are favorable targets in the next step of exploration.

目前的物源方法一般局限在地质与地球化学方法上,如重矿物分析法、碎屑岩类分析法、同位素法、裂变径迹法等等.但这些方法存在较大的局限性,它们只能反映井上及井周围地层的物质特征.对于一个井少且井分布不均匀的地区,这些方法就不能准确判断物源方向或无法判断物源方向.地球物理方法在这种情况下就占据一定的优势,因为该方法得到的横向上的地层信息较连续.主要概述了如何利用地球物理方法中地震相、反演、地震属性分析方法来判断物源方向,并结合实例使用地震属性中的频谱分解方法分析某工区的物源方向.