Based on the concept of microscale chemical experiment, combined with the characteristics of POL testing experiment, this paper takes the distillation range determination experiment of petroleum products as the object, and constructs the POL testing experiment system of sample microscale and instrument miniaturization.The experiment system has the characteristics of small sample consumption, short single experiment time, flexible parameters setting of experimental conditions, and efficient monitoring and feedback of the experimental process.It solves the problems of large sample consumption, long experimental process, difficult recovery and treatment of ’three wastes’ in the experimental teaching process, and inability to timely and effectively monitor and feedback the experimental process. Based on the microscale distillation range measurement experimental system, scientific research experiments on the evaporation performance of petroleum products can be carried out.

在自配抗氧剂测定溶液体系(丙酮/水(V/V)为10:1,高氯酸锂浓度为0.1 mol/L)下,使用Ruler仪器与Autolab电化学工作站PGSTAT101仪器,对含有不同比例抗氧剂的模拟油样进行抗氧剂含量测定.结果表明自配溶液体系用于伏安法测定抗氧剂含量具有可行性,为替代Fluitec公司绿色瓶试剂提供理论依据.

分别使用硬脂酸、油酸、乙二胺四乙酸、聚乙二醇等对硼酸钙进行表面改性,制备了多种具有不同疏水性的纳米硼酸钙润滑油添加剂;进而,通过扫描电镜、傅里叶变换红外光谱、摩擦试验等方法系统研究了改性纳米硼酸钙对菜籽油抗磨、减摩性能的影响.结果表明:在各种表面改性纳米硼酸钙中,硬脂酸改性硼酸钙的疏水性最佳,油酸改性硼酸钙的疏水性次之,乙二胺四乙酸改性硼酸钙表面仍呈亲水性,聚乙二醇未实现对硼酸钙的化学改性;在菜籽油中添加不同改性纳米硼酸钙后,硬脂酸改性硼酸钙提升菜籽油抗磨、减摩性能的效果最佳;当其添加量(w)为0.5％时,润滑油样品的摩擦因数和试验钢球的磨斑直径分别比菜籽油基础油减小22％和24％.

采用失重试验和电化学方法研究了苯并咪唑及6-硝基苯并咪唑两种缓蚀剂在含氯油田水溶液中对Q235钢的缓蚀作用,并探讨其缓蚀机理,研究了两种缓蚀剂添加量对缓蚀效率的影响.结果表明,苯并咪唑及6-硝基苯并咪唑缓蚀剂都具对Q235钢有明显的缓蚀作用,苯并咪唑缓蚀率随着浓度增大呈现增大趋势,浓度为1.0 g/L时缓蚀效果最好,缓蚀率达90.41％;6-硝基苯并咪唑的缓蚀率随着浓度的增大具有极值效应,当浓度为0.5 g/L时,最大缓蚀率为84.78％.极化曲线和电化学阻抗谱试验结果与失重法的结果一致,都表明在油田水溶液中苯并咪唑的缓蚀率较6-硝基苯并咪唑高.苯并咪唑的缓蚀效果较6-硝基苯并咪唑更好,且两种缓蚀剂在Q235钢表面的吸附都为自发过程,符合Langmuir吸附等温式.

在冷轧带钢生产线上,拉矫工艺是通过弯曲与拉伸的共同作用使带钢产生剧烈变形而达到改善板形和表面破鳞的目的,合理设置拉矫工艺参数是现场拉矫机高效运行的关键.本文利用有限元仿真手段,综合分析了延伸率和弯曲辊插入深度的设定因素,重点分析了张力与弯曲辊配置、带钢强化特性、破鳞效果及拉矫机辊系结构对弯曲辊插入深度设定的影响,为现场拉矫机工艺参数的合理配置提供了依据.

According to the cold rolled strip tension leveling of the underlying assumptions,application of elastic-plastic theory,the classical D,E stress state of steel is taken as an example,analyzing and deducing the strip in the bending springback the distribution of stress and strain during change,and raising metal material unloading effect will increase the strip bending neutral layer extension rate perspective.Therefore,in the calculating of the strip elongation,bending unloading effect can not be ignored.Then,it establishes a cold-rolled strip straightening process finite element simulation model,through the model conditions set-up and results of data analysis,validates the cold rolled strip steel in different tension and bending degree,and flexural unloading effect on cold rolled strip neutral layer extending rate has an impact,and this kind of influence is described quantitatively.

Based on the working mechanism and simulation results of stretching-bending straightener at home and abroad,the calculation methods of strip steel bending curvature,tension and elongation are summarized.The configuration relationship of curvature and tension,straightening theory,and stretch leveling process are studied.The further research direction in the stretch straightening field of cold-rolling strip steel is proposed.A reference of straightening research for cold-rolling strip steel is provided.

Tension uneven distribution along width direction was caused by shape wave,where tensile stress was greater than the average tensile stress in strip.In addition,the greater the shape wave,the greater tensile stress under flat condition.Differences between finite element simulation and actual value were the result of this phenomenon.A kind of parameter modifying method strip width reduction ratio coefficient K was put forward in FEM simulation in cold roll strip tension leveling,and the specific algorithm was given.In order to illustrate the effectiveness of width reduction ratio coefficient in simulation,two field cases and FEM simulation results were compared.The method of the strip width reduction coefficient was used to modify the strip applied tensile stress in FEM and improve the accuracy of the simulation results,but also provide numerical evidences in optimizing process parameters.

Based on the fundamental assumption of the stretch-bending straightening theory and applying the elastoplastic theory, the paper analyzes and deduces the distribution and change of stress and strain of strip in the bending springback, raising that bending unloading will increase the elongation of the neutral layer of the strip. Then, through the conditions set-up of the finite element simulation model and results of data analysis, we found the effect of different tension and bending degree on the elongation for the neutral layer of the cold strip in process of unloading, and this kind of influence is described quantitatively.

Freezing point is an important quality indicator to characterize the performance of aviation fuel in low temperature.Conventional determination of freezing point is a complex procedure which takes long time for measuring so that the testing efficiency of aviation fuel quality is reduced.On the principle of light scattering techniques,the temperature sensing and photo-electric detection technologies are used in the determination of aviation fuel freezing point.The interaction between the crystallization light scattering and transmission in fuel is used to achieve rapid determination.The results show that the operation method is simple and fast.It highly increases detecting efficiency of freezing point.It spends less than 15 minutes to detect one oil sample and the experimental efficiency is greatly enhanced.Test specimen requires volume of oil only 2 mL,which is helpful to protect the environment.Measurement results are repeatable and have well correlation with the standard method in GB/T 2430-2008.

Polyaniline/gold nanoparticle composites not only retain the original special performance of polyaniline and gold nanoparticle respectively, but also exhibit coadjutant effect that is beneficial for improving the properties of polyaniline matrix in composites. The polyaniline/gold nanoparticle composites have been intensively studied in recent years due to their unique properties including outstanding intrinsically electrical conductivity, excellent reactive catalysis and especial behavior of charge transfer. In this paper, the recent developments of polyaniline/gold nanoparticle composites are reviewed, and the preparation methods and mechanisms are summarized. The applications of the composites are briefly introduced in aspects of biomedicine, sensors and microelectronic devices. Finally, the prospect of the future research is proposed.

The Virtual reality technology as a comprehensive variety of computer science and technology in the field of new technologies, It is the application of domestic and international hot spots, many involving the development and application areas, greatly enrich our lives. In this paper, the history of virtual reality, development and application of a need for an overview at the same time the author on the recent work done on virtual reality and the future direction of giving us some ideas about the future development of virtual reality technology.