<正>干眼是临床上最常见的慢性眼表疾病之一,近几年,随着社会的发展和科技的进步,电子产品广泛普及,生活环境相对封闭,人们在工作生活包括出行等方面用眼的时间、强度明显多于从前,因此眼部不适及干眼症的发生频率愈发变高,于是干眼症等一些眼表疾病便逐步成为人们关注的焦点,越来越引起重视。目前国内外关于干眼发生的相关因素的研究仍然有限,并且内容尚无统一,故以下主要针对干眼患病相关因素及防治措施的研究进展予以综述。

With the increasing progress of cataract surgery, the postoperative residual astigmatism has become one of the factors that influence the desirable refractive outcome for patients. At present, the most commonly used cataract extraction is also traditional phacoemulsification cataract surgery with incision size of 3.2 mm. With the progress of Micro-incision cataract surgery(MICS), the postoperative residual astigmatism decreased. The different surgery induce different postoperative residual astigmatism. Through literature review, to analyze the causes of postoperative residual astigmatism by different incision cataract.

The preocular tear film has recently been described as a bilaminar structure,including lipid layer and aqueous/mucin gel layer.The lipid layer has two phases,a relatively thick outer layer,containing nonpolar lipids such as wax esters,sterol esters,hydrocarbons, and triglycerides;and a thin polar inner layer,predominantly consisting of phospholipids.It s confirmed that there are differences in meibomian fatty acid composition between healthy and evaporative dry eye patients.Thus,therapies targeted at replenishing or stabilizing the lipid layer are key points to the treatment of evaporative dry eye,either as monotherapy or in conjunction with therapies designed to enhance aqueous production.