According to the mounting style and application requirements of electro-optic payload(EO)on small UAV platform,a technical scheme of forward-ground wide-area scanning based on roll-pitch structure EO was proposed.The mathematical model of scanning state was constructed,the algorithm for optimizing control parameters to maximize scanning width of EO based on platform parameters was proposed,the rationality of the algorithm was analyzed by example data,and the real-time performance of the algorithm was measured.The technical status of forward-ground wide-area scanning was tested by simulation and flight test.The results show that the control parameters obtained by the proposed algorithm are optimal,it takes less than 40 ms to run on the target embedded platform and can optimize online in real-time.The proposed scanning technology can still achieve forward-ground continuous coverage under certain platform disturbances,and the overlapping rate of the field of view(FOV)is variable during scanning.The closer to the scanning edge area,the smaller the overlapping range of adjacent FOV.The scanning range should select the area sandwiched between the scanning control points at both ends of transverse direction to avoid leakage due to small overlapping rate in scanning edge area.

连续变焦镜头凸轮曲线压力升角优化设计是镜头性能的重要影响因素.结合镜头中凸轮驱动结构形式及力学理论,分析了凸轮曲线的压力升角对系统传动力矩的影响;结合机械加工误差以及压力升角模型,提出凸轮曲线优化约束条件及优化原则;同时借助Gauss函数的平滑特性,实现凸轮曲线沿垂直于光轴方向非均匀展宽的优化方法,抑制凸轮曲线的最大升角.结合Gauss函数寻优处理对某光学设计获得的变焦凸轮曲线进行优化,在约束条件限制下保证曲线平滑性,凸轮曲线压力升角的范围由0°～39.01°优化到15° ～31.16°,最大升角降低了20.12％.结果表明,该方法能够有效地应用于凸轮变焦系统设计以提高系统的性能.

针对光电载荷对隔振性能的需求，提出一种采用菱形连杆机构作为负刚度组件，具有高静、低动刚度特点的非线性隔振器（简称菱形HSLDS隔振器）。采用静力学分析方法，建立了隔振器数学模型，研究了刚度参数设定以及非线性调节方法；利用谐波平衡法（HBM）求解动力学方程，分析了各参数对隔振性能的影响关系；采用动力学仿真软件ADAMS及实物样机对理论模型与结论进行了验证。测试结果表明：菱形HSLDS隔振器具有较方便的参数调整能力，零位刚度及刚度非线性可通过拉簧参数与连杆参数进行设定、优化，隔振的刚度非线性优化程度受主隔振器阻尼以及零位刚度参数影响。相比于传统线性隔振器，菱形HSLDS具有显著的非线性隔振优势，可较好地满足光电载荷隔振需求。

提出一种采用菱形连杆负刚度机构的高静刚度、低动刚度隔振器(后简称菱形HSLDS隔振器)具体实现形式,针对菱形HSLDS隔振器优化设计需求,以隔振器在平衡位置处的无量纲刚度(称为零位刚度)、刚度曲线曲率(称为零位曲率)以及负刚度机构质量作为优化目标函数,结合拉簧国标参数系列与几何约束条件构建优化数学模型;采用分区搜索的NSGA-Ⅱ改进算法解决目标空间区域搜索效率不均导致的最优解分布问题;利用MSC.ADAMS软件对Pareto最优解选择方法进行仿真分析,并通过实物样机进行验证,结果表明:Pareto最优解中选择零位刚度较小的参数组,可以获得较好的低频隔振性能,并降低负刚度机构质量;零位刚度一致时选择零位曲率较小的参数组,也可获得较好的低频隔振性能,但会增加负刚度机构质量.

提出了一种采用菱形连杆组件作为负刚度机构的准零刚度隔振器(下文简称菱形准零刚度隔振器).通过静力学分析方法,建立了菱形准零刚度隔振器数学模型,并与其他调节变量较少的隔振器模型进行了对比;以被测量曲线在隔振器平衡位置处的曲率作为评价参数,研究了负刚度机构几何参数对系统刚度、阻尼非线性的影响,推导了利用几何参数进行隔振优化的条件;采用谐波平衡法求解系统动力学方程,对隔振器在不同几何参数下的隔振性能进行了分析.结果表明:菱形准零刚度隔振器具有体积相对较小且非线性调节能力较好的特点,可通过调节杆长,或满足相关临界值条件时调节杆长偏差量(下文简称杆长差)对刚度及阻尼非线性特征进行优化;刚度与阻尼的非线性优化方向不同,但通常情况下,刚度非线性因素对隔振优化起主导作用;归一化振动相对位移小于0.1时,由刚度曲线曲率得到的临界值可以较好地作为杆长差参数的隔振优化调节依据.本文提出的非线性评价方法与几何非线性优化临界值计算方法,对于类似隔振器研究和设计具有一定的指导意义.

针对振动环境下的多个传感器光轴平行性校准需求,基于多光轴平行性校准的基本原理,建立了相对角运动对多光轴平行性校准精度影响的理论模型.分析表明,由于红外探测器积分时间较长,激光和红外热像仪校准精度受角振动的影响更大.提出降低相对角运动的方法,即缩短红外探测器积分时间和利用减振器降低相对角运动的幅度.在此基础上,通过实验得到红外锑化铟探测器的最短积分时间为600μs,并进行实例分析,结果表明,选用减振器使相对角运动为低频小振幅时,相对角运动对激光/电视校准精度的影响小于1个像素,相对角运动对激光/红外校准精度的影响为1～2个像素.

精确的光机分析是实现系统优化设计的前提.针对耦合场作用导致光机系统中光学元件面形发生非回转对称的变化,提出了Zernike拟合的三维接口模型,以提高光机分析数据转换精度,实现耦合场作用下光机系统的高精密分析.对某光机系统进行重力和温度场耦合集成分析,提取各光学面形变化的非对称分布,并借助该三维接口模型在光学设计平台中对系统成像质量进行分析,用于后期系统优化设计.结果表明该接口模型可应用于实际多场作用下的光机系统分析.

In order to improve the accuracy of the structural dynamic model of the inner gimbal of the electro-optical stabilized sighting system,and to improve the efficiency of the simulation analysis,a structural dynamic model updating method based on the multi-population genetic annealing algorithm was proposed.Taking the inner gimbal of an electro-optical stabilized sighting system as the object of study,we built the Finite Element Model (FEM) by using the dynamic substructure technique.Based on the modal test results,the FEM was updated by using the multi-population genetic annealing algorithm and the correlation analysis to obtain the six-dimensional stiffness value of the inner gimbal bearing in global optimization.An additional experiment was carried out to test the reliability of the updated FEM.The experiment result showed that FEM and the test result were well-matched,the correlation between the modals was over 0.8,the frequency error was below 9.05％,and the calculating efficiency was increased by 95％.Thus an effective and feasible model updating method was obtained,which is an important reference to the structure design of the inner gimbal of the electro-optical stabilized sighting system.

Considering the spectral characteristics of super-continuum laser and the signal conver-sion mechanism of multi-color charge coupled-device (CCD) detector ,the simulation model of multi-color CCD detector imaging under super-continuum laser jamming was built .On the basis of the working principle of multi-color CCD ,the transfer and transport rules of saturated and crosstalk signal were theoretically analyzed .Then ,according with the structure of multi-color CCD ,the spatial distribution characteristic of laser energy on the CCD surface was studied with the aid of optical design software .Taking into account the above researches ,the simulation mod-el of monochromatic CCD saturation crosstalk effect interfered by super-continuum spectrum la-ser was established ,based on this ,combined with the CCD imaging multi-color visualization principle ,it was realized to simulate the multi-color CCD output image interfered by super-con-tinuum laser .Finally ,the influence of different laser energy on the image quality of multi-color CCD was studied by introducing the image quality evaluation factor .Experimental result indi-cates that the laser power density is an important influence factor of the laser interference effect .As the laser energy increases ,the image quality of the multi-color CCD decreases .